Isoflavonoids are a class offlavonoid phenolic compounds, many of which are biologically active. Isoflavonoids and their derivatives are sometimes referred to asphytoestrogens, as many isoflavonoid compounds have biological effects via theestrogen receptor.

Medically, isoflavonoids and related compounds have been used in manydietary supplements but the medical and scientific community^[who?] is generally skeptical of their use. Recently, some natural isoflavonoids have been identified as toxins, includingbiliatresone which may causebiliary atresia when infants are exposed to the plant product.^[1]

The isoflavonoid group is broad, and includes many structurally similar groups, including:

• isoflavones
• isoflavanones
• isoflavans
• pterocarpans^[2]
• rotenoids

Isoflavonoids are derived from the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway vialiquiritigenin ornaringenin.^[3]

Whileflavonoids (in the narrow sense) have the 2-phenylchromen-4-one backbone, isoflavonoids have the 3-phenylchromen-4-one backbone with no hydroxyl group substitution at position 2 (case of the isoflavones) or the 3-phenylchroman (isoflavan) backbone (case of isoflavanes, such asequol).

• Isoflavonoids

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