Iraqi Biradri is a descendant population of immigrants from Iraq. Recent facts argue that their ancestors were the immediate descendants of Sayyid Masud Al Hussaini and his poorly definedretinue, all recent immigrants from Iraq. Sayyid Masud Al Hussaini successfully extended the Ghazipur area under theDelhi Sultanate, settling with his family in the newly conquered city during the reign of Mamluk SultanFiruz Shah Tughlaq circa 1330.[1][2]: 157, 158
As a result, Iraqi Biradri are known have to settled in Ghazipur in the 14th century, with an origin roughly 700 years ago.[3][4] The ancestors as old as 300 years or more are now very well-identified in many towns/villages of the districts as mentioned above including Ghazipur in the form of distinct family trees.[5]
The above-mentioned Iraqi Biradri and a separate Muslim caste, the converted Hindu Kalals as Araquis, Rakis, or simply 'Kalal Iraqi' were characterized to be in one group in United Provinces (or U.P.) based on the work of British colonial civil administrators and others.[6][7][8][9]These mistaken reports attributed a fallacy toward the Iraqi Biradri for more than a century in the past.
India: Iraqi Biradri from the native places in eastern U.P. are settled in many cities among others,Ethnic communities in Kanpur, andEthnic communities in Kolkata are noticeable. For the last few centuries,Lar town inDeoria or prior to 1958Gorakhpur district has continued a predominant population of historic Iraqis who mostly carry Lari as family surname.
Pakistan: After independence in 1947, many Iraqi Families migrated mainly toKarachi Pakistan, names of the most migrants with details of the places of origin in easternUttar Pradesh are recorded.[10]
A variety ofY-DNA haplogroups are found among certain random samples that represent distinct Iraqi families as outlined above.[5] The Y-DNA haplogroups included: M198(R1a1a), branches R-Y6, R-Y7 and M560; Y-DNA haplogroupJ2-M172, branches J2a and J2b; Y-DNAHaplogroup J1 (J-CTS5368); Y-DNAhaplogroup L, L-M27.Maternal haplogroups found are:U- U2, U4a, U7;M- M3c, M5a, M30, M33;R- R0, R30b, R2 and R8;W- W3a;H- H11a2;A- A4b (YSEQ and23andme DNA Ancestry).
