Iran (Persian:ایران) is mentioned in the Shahnameh in the middle of Fereydoun Kingdom as a country or nation. Before the reign ofFereydoun, during the reigns ofZahhak,Jamshid,Tahmuras, andKeyumars the first Iran king, There is no word about Iran. The first of the term Iran is during the marriage of three sons of Fereydoun. In this sense, the name of Iran is from the period of Fereydoun reign.^[1]

At the height of his power, Fereydoun divided the land under his command into six Country or nations because of its vast territory. Six countries were divided into three sons, Iran andDashd Gardan were gifted toIraj. The land of Iran had many folks and tribes that were divided into small independent states. But in the face of external danger, especially the Turanian attack, they came together to resolve the danger. What was mentioned in the Shahnameh Iran was initially a small tribe among the other Iranian tribes that all spoke Persian, but the nomadic and Turkic Iranians were also included.

The first large Iranian government was the Medes government, which was formed around the 7th century BC and the Medes were able to overcome the enemy. TheMedian Tribal Union saw its power in the face of the enemy in the unity and solidarity of the tribes. Before the union of the Medes of Iranian countries tribe, such asManna orParsua, could not stand up to the enemy for lack of unity.

The reform of Iran as a country has been mentioned again during the period ofManuchehr attack onSalm andTur. After the death of Fereydoun, Manuchehr sat on the throne of Iran and during this period Iran was a powerful country. During the coronation of Manuchehr, all Iranian states and countries were present, especiallySām Pishva ofZabol andQaren KingRay.^[2]

Due to the severe defeat of the Iranians in theIran-Turan war, their independence was lost for a long time, and the Turanians became dominant over much of Iran territory with new faiths and ideas. Other lands that the Turanians could not control were occupied by Zabolians.Zaav,Gershasp, andKay Kawād are the three Persian kings or Zabols who were ruled byZāl and were actually puppets. ButKay Kāvus, the son of Kay Kawād, wanted to rescue Iran from the captivity of both Turan and Zabul, but it was hard work. In fact, afterManuchehr death, Iran had lost its independence, and now Kay kavus wanted to win that golden age. According to the texts of the Shahnameh of Iranians at the time of Kay kavus and his sonKay Khosrow, not only did he gain his independence but he was able to erase his greatest historical enemy, theTuran government, and be independent forever.

• Ferdowsi Shahnameh. From the Moscow version. Mohammed Publishing.ISBN 964-5566-35-5
• History of media. Writing byIgor M. Diakonoff.ISBN 964-445-106-6

• Places in Shahnameh

• Articles containing Persian-language text