Ion Budai-Deleanu | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1760-01-06)January 6, 1760 |
| Died | (1820-08-24)August 24, 1820 |
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| Era | |
| Movement | Transylvanian School |
| Writing career | |
| Language | Romanian |
| Notable works | |
Ion Budai-Deleanu (January 6, 1760 – August 24, 1820)[1] was aRomanian scholar, philologist, historian, poet, and a representative of theTransylvanian School.
He was a member of theOrder of the Golden and Rosy Cross, attending the society's meetings in Vienna.
He was born in Csigmó (today Cigmău), a village in the town of Algyógy (todayGeoagiu,Hunedoara County), located in the western part ofTransylvania.[2] Budai-Deleanu studied at Blaj gymnasium between 1772 and 1777, havingSamuil Micu-Klein as a professor among others, and then at the College of Saint Barbara inVienna between 1777 and 1779.[1] He completed his studies with a doctorate at theUniversity of Erlau in 1783.[3] He settled in Lemberg (nowLviv in Ukraine) in 1797 as a royal counsellor.[4][5] His main works are the first draft ofSupplex Libellus Valachorum and an epic poem, entitledȚiganiada ("Gypsy Epic"), about a band of gypsies that fought alongside the army ofVlad the Impaler, the medieval ruler ofWallachia.[1]
He was one of the first proponents of the idea of theunification of the lands that now form Romania.[6] He proposed that the union should be achieved under the rule of theHabsburgs, through the annexation of Wallachia andMoldavia into theGrand Principality of Transylvania.[7]
According to Budai-Deleanu, theDacians did not have a role in theethnogenesis of the Romanian people.[8] He thought that the Dacians were the ancestors of thePoles.[8]
He promoted the purification of theRomanian language from loanwords, proposing that only borrowings from Italian and French should be permitted.[9] He also strove for the replacement of theCyrillic script with theLatin alphabet.[9] Budai-Deleanu was the first scholar of Transylvanian School to state that Romanian did not develop fromClassical Latin directly, but from thevulgar language spoken in Dacia.[10]
Budai-Deleanu died in Lemberg in 1820, aged 60.
Streets înArad,Bucharest,Cluj-Napoca,Oradea,Sibiu, andTimișoara are named after him.
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