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| Interventricular septum | |
|---|---|
 Section of the heart showing the ventricular septum. | |
 Interior dorsal half of heart of nearly 5 weeks old human embryo. (Labeled as 'septum inferius') | |
| Details | |
| Part of | Heart |
| Artery | anterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery andPosterior interventricular artery |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | septum interventriculare cordis |
| MeSH | D054088 |
| TA98 | A12.1.00.013 |
| TA2 | 3970 |
| FMA | 7133 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
Theinterventricular septum (IVS, orventricular septum, or during developmentseptum inferius) is the stout wall separating theventricles, the lower chambers of theheart, from one another.
The interventricular septum is directed obliquely backward to the right and curved with the convexity toward theright ventricle; its margins correspond with theanterior andposterior interventricular sulci. The lower part of the septum, which is the major part, is thick and muscular, and its much smaller upper part is thin and membraneous.[1]
During eachcardiac cycle the interventricular septum contracts by shortening longitudinally and becoming thicker.
The interventricular septum is the stout wall separating theventricles, the lower chambers of theheart, from one another.
The ventricular septum is directed obliquely backward to the right and curved with the convexity toward theright ventricle; its margins correspond with theanterior andposterior interventricular sulci. The greater portion of it is thick and muscular and constitutes themuscular interventricular septum. Its upper and posterior part, which separates theaortic vestibule from the lower part of theright atrium and upper part of the right ventricle, is thin and fibrous, and is termed themembranous ventricular septum.
Theposterior interventricular artery, a branch ofright coronary artery, supplies the posterior 1/3 of the interventricular septum. The remaining anterior 2/3 is supplied by the anterior interventricular artery, which is a septal branch of theleft anterior descending artery, which is a branch ofleft coronary artery.[2]
The muscular part of the interventricular septum derives from the bulboventricular flange which is developed due to differential growth of primitive ventricle and bulbous cordis. Membranous part has a neural crest origin which connects the upper free margin of the bulboventricular flange and anterior and posterior endocardial cushions of atrio ventricular canal. It also gets attached to lower border of spiral septum or the aorticopulmonary septum.
In the final stages of the heart development, the interatrial septum aligns in the same plane as the interventricular septum. The gap between the interatrial septum and interventricular septum forms the membranous part of interventricular septum.[3]
Aventricular septal defect (VSD), a hole in the interventricular septum is one of the fourcongenital defects of the condition oftetralogy of Fallot. A VSD can cause aleft-to-right shunt of blood flow in the heart and is one of the most common of the congenital heart defects. This type of shunt is anacyanotic disorder that can result inventricular hypertrophy.[4]
The alignment of interventricular septum and interatrial septum is disturbed in variouscongenital heart diseases.[5]
