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U.S. Route 90 Business (New Orleans, Louisiana)

Route map:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromInterstate 910)
Highway in New Orleans, Louisiana

Business plate.svg
U.S. Highway 90 Business marker
U.S. Highway 90 Business
Map
Non-freeway segment of US 90 Bus. in blue; freeway portion (unsigned I-910) in red
Route information
Auxiliary route ofUS 90
Maintained byLouisiana DOTD
Length14.250 mi[1] (22.933 km)
I-910: 9.70 miles (15.61 km)[2]
Existed1960–present
Tourist
routes
National Scenic Byway:Great River Road
Major junctions
West endFuture I-49 /US 90 inAvondale
Major intersections
East endI-10 /US 90 inNew Orleans
Location
CountryUnited States
StateLouisiana
ParishesJefferson,Orleans
Highway system
  • Louisiana State Highway System
LA 89LA 91
LA 909I-910LA 910

U.S. Highway 90 Business (US 90 Bus.) is abusiness route ofU.S. Highway 90 located in and nearNew Orleans, Louisiana. It runs 14.25 miles (22.93 km) in a general east–west direction from US 90 inAvondale to a junction withInterstate 10 (I-10) and US 90 in theNew Orleans Central Business District.

Unlike a typical business route, US 90 Bus. is built to a higher standard than the segment of US 90 that it parallels. More than half of the route is an elevatedfreeway with frontage roads while mainline US 90 is a divided six-lane surface highway. It is also the only business route of aU.S. Highway in Louisiana that is not derived from a former alignment of its parent route. US 90 Bus. was newly constructed between 1954 and 1960 while the parallel section of US 90 has remained largely unchanged since 1936.

US 90 Bus. initially heads eastward along theWestbank Expressway, serving a number of suburban communities inJefferson Parish located on the west bank of theMississippi River. These includeWestwego,Marrero,Harvey, andGretna, theparish seat. After transitioning from a surface route to an elevated freeway in Marrero, US 90 Bus. traverses a high-level bridge over theHarvey Canal, a link in theGulf Intracoastal Waterway, while the frontage roads pass through theHarvey Tunnel. Shortly after entering an area of New Orleans known asAlgiers, US 90 Bus. curves due west onto theCrescent City Connection, a twin-spancantilever bridge across the Mississippi River. The highway continues alongside the downtown area as part of the elevatedPontchartrain Expressway to a complex interchange with I-10 and mainline US 90 adjacent to theSuperdome.

The entirety of US 90 Bus. is intended to become part ofI-49 once that highway is extended along the present US 90 corridor fromLafayette to New Orleans. In the meantime, the route carries the designation of Future I-49, as approved by theAmerican Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials in 1999. While theFederal Highway Administration approved the existing freeway portion of US 90 Bus. to be signed asInterstate 910 in the interim, theLouisiana Department of Transportation and Development did not follow through with an application to the AASHTO's U.S. Route Numbering Committee, and the designation remains unused. This route exit 6A from the nearby west in Harvey in Gretna to New Orleans district.

Route description

[edit]

Westwego to Harvey Canal

[edit]

From the west, US 90 Bus. begins at a modifiedtrumpet interchange withUS 90 in a sparsely developed area ofJefferson Parish surrounded by the suburban city ofWestwego,Bayou Segnette State Park, and an industrial area formerly known asAvondale Shipyard. Mainline US 90 connects withBoutte to the west and theHuey P. Long Bridge across theMississippi River to the east (geographically north). Due to the proximity of theBNSF/Union Pacific Railroad overpass on eastbound US 90, the ramp from westbound US 90 Bus. travels in an indirect fashion and intersects an eastbound ramp at grade at afour-way stop. As a result, a significant amount of local traffic circumvents this movement by turning onto Nine Mile Point Road toward a signalized intersection with US 90 that features a protected no-stop turn lane.[3][4][5]

US 90 Bus. heads southeast along the Westbank Expressway as a divided four-lane highway and intersects Segnette Boulevard, the entrance to theAlario Center and Bayou Segnette State Park. Soon afterward, US 90 Bus. widens to six lanes, and the median width increases from 41 feet (12 m) to 206 feet (63 m). Upon entering the city of Westwego, US 90 Bus. becomes a developed commercial corridor, and an intersection withLA 18 Spur (Louisiana Street) provides a route for truck traffic to the industrial facilities along the riverfront. The highway crosses from Westwego into the unincorporated community ofMarrero immediately past Victory Drive and curves due east, maintaining a parallel trajectory to the Mississippi River. At Carmadelle Street, several blocks past a signalized intersection with Westwood Drive, a ramp leads through traffic onto an elevated six-lane freeway, which begins in the median. The ground-level portion of the Westbank Expressway continues straight ahead asfrontage roads serving local businesses and maintains a six-lane capacity.[3][4][5]

After a short distance, the first in a series of tightdiamond interchanges, exit 4A, connects with Ames Boulevard. As it is located near the west end of the freeway, the interchange consists only of an eastbound entrance and westbound exit with the remaining movements accessed from the frontage roads. The following exit (4B) connects withLA 45 (Barataria Boulevard) and leads toJean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve as well as several communities situated alongsideBayou Barataria. This exit also serves the nearbyWest Jefferson Medical Center. US 90 Bus. proceeds through the neighboring unincorporated community ofHarvey, which is bisected by theHarvey Canal, a link in theGulf Intracoastal Waterway. An industrial corridor flanks the canal and stretches from the Mississippi River southward intoPlaquemines Parish nearBelle Chasse. A half-diamond interchange at exit 5 (MacArthur Avenue) serves the industrial area on the west bank of the canal. The highway elevates to a height of 95 feet (29 m) to cross the canal while the frontage roads pass underneath it via the Harvey Tunnel. Direct access to the facilities on the east side of the canal, situated alongLA 3017 (Peters Road), is limited to a westbound exit ramp.[3][4][5]

Harvey Canal to Mississippi River

[edit]
Harvey Tunnel
Overview
LocationHarvey
Coordinates29°53′54″N90°04′44″W / 29.89833°N 90.07889°W /29.89833; -90.07889
StatusOpen
Route
US 90 Bus. / Future I-49 (Frontage Roads)
Operation
Work begunJune 28, 1954;
70 years ago
 (1954-06-28)
OpenedSeptember 5, 1957;
67 years ago
 (1957-09-05)
OwnerLa DOTD
TrafficAutomotive
Technical
Length1,079.7 feet (329.1 m)
No. oflanes4
Tunnel clearance13 feet (4.0 m)
Width43.9 feet (13.4 m)

East of the Harvey Canal, US 90 Bus. heads northwest, returning to its prior elevation and connecting to Manhattan Boulevard via exit 6. It then enters the city ofGretna, theseat of Jefferson Parish government. Two interchanges serve Gretna: exit 7 toLA 18/LA 23 (Lafayette Street) and exit 8 to Stumpf Boulevard. Between these two exits, the expressway frontage roads run concurrent with LA 23, which continues northwest onto Stumpf Boulevard. While passing alongside theOakwood Center shopping mall, US 90 Bus. enters into its final interchange on the west bank: exit 9 to Terry Parkway and General de Gaulle Drive. These are parallel divided thoroughfares, the former serving the mall and adjacent neighborhood ofTerrytown. The first portion of the exit is a tight half-diamond interchange consisting of an eastbound exit and westbound entrance that utilize the frontage roads to connect with both thoroughfares.[3][4][5]

Immediately after crossing Terry Parkway, US 90 Bus. entersOrleans Parish and the city ofNew Orleans, which are co-extensive. All remaining movements on exit 9 are provided via a partialcloverleaf interchange at General de Gaulle Drive withflyover ramps connecting to Terry Parkway, and the US 90 Bus. frontage roads are discontinued at this point. General de Gaulle Drive is part ofLA 428 and is the principal thoroughfare ofAlgiers, a name applied to the west bank section of New Orleans. The highway curves due west to begin its ascent onto theCrescent City Connection, a pair ofcantilever bridges each carrying four lanes of through traffic across the Mississippi River. Additionally, the eastbound (geographically westbound) span contains tworeversibleHOV lanes, separated from the main travel lanes by a row ofJersey barriers. Due to the bend in the Mississippi River from which the "Crescent City" gets its name and the orientation of the bridges, the remainder of US 90 Bus. carries traffic signed "eastbound" and "westbound" in geographically opposite directions.[3][5][6]

Downtown New Orleans

[edit]
The Crescent City Connection carries US 90 Bus. into downtown New Orleans

After climbing to a height of 150 feet (46 m) above the Mississippi River, US 90 Bus. enters theNew Orleans Central Business District and crosses over the city'sConvention Center. The highway simultaneously engages in an interchange withTchoupitoulas Street at exit 11A, the designated exit for truck traffic associated with thePort of New Orleans. (This exit is signed westbound as exit 11 to Tchoupitoulas and South Peters Streets.) US 90 Bus. proceeds northwest onto thePontchartrain Expressway, an elevated six-lane freeway in the center of Calliope Street, a divided surface street. Several overlapping interchanges with limited movements further serve the business district, beginning with exit 12A (Camp Street), which passes between theNational World War II Museum andLee Circle. This is followed by exit 12D (Carondelet Street/St. Charles Avenue). In addition to being a significant downtown street, St. Charles Avenue is a scenic oak tree-lined boulevard that traverses uptown neighborhoods such as theGarden District andCarrollton. Exit 12C connects with Loyola Avenue, a divided downtown thoroughfare that provides access to theUnion Passenger Terminal and the city's two major entertainment venues—theSuperdome andNew Orleans Arena. At Loyola Avenue, Calliope Street becomesEarhart Boulevard, which serves as a frontage road for a short distance until US 90 Bus. departs from its alignment.[3][5][6]

US 90 Bus. enters into a complex interchange with both US 90 (South Claiborne Avenue) andI-10. Separate ramps connect to westbound US 90 (exit 13A), eastbound US 90 (13B), and eastbound I-10 (13C). To the east, US 90 travels beneath the elevated I-10 as it passes through the downtown area en route toSlidell, located on the north shore ofLake Pontchartrain. Following exit 13C, eastbound US 90 Bus. continues straight ahead to merge with westbound I-10, which swings to the northwest to proceed along the Pontchartrain Expressway towardNew Orleans International Airport and the city ofBaton Rouge. Locally, westbound I-10 carries traffic between downtown New Orleans and the suburbs in Jefferson andSt. Tammany parishes, the latter accessed via theLake Pontchartrain Causeway.[3][5][6]

Route classification and data

[edit]

US 90 Bus. is classified as an urban freeway by theLouisiana Department of Transportation and Development (La DOTD) and carries the internal designation ofUS 90-Z.Annual average daily traffic data collected by the department in 2019 showed a low of 38,818 vehicles near Westwego, increasing to a peak of 163,126 vehicles on the Mississippi River bridge. The remainder of the route through downtown New Orleans maintained at least 100,000 vehicles to the junction with I-10.[7] The posted speed limit is 45 mph (70 km/h) along the surface portion of the route, increasing to 60 mph (95 km/h) throughout the west bank freeway portion. The remainder of the route across the Crescent City Connection and along the Pontchartrain Expressway is generally posted at 50 mph (80 km/h).[3]

The portion of US 90 Bus. between the Lafayette Street and Camp Street exits serves as a link in the ten-stateNational Scenic Byway known as theGreat River Road.[8]

History

[edit]
The Crescent City Connection and the New Orleans skyline

The three main elements that constitute the route of US 90 Bus. in New Orleans—the Westbank Expressway, the Crescent City Connection, and the Pontchartrain Expressway—were initially conceived between the 1920s and 1940s as separate projects.

Early planning

[edit]

In 1926, New Orleans visionary George A. Hero and engineer Allen S. Hackett proposed the construction of a bridge across the Mississippi River located in downtown New Orleans.[9] At the time, there was no automobile bridge spanning the river south ofMemphis, Tennessee.[10] While its construction was authorized by theUnited States Congress the following year, the project languished in the face of theGreat Depression.[9] In 1935, the Huey P. Long Bridge was completed in neighboring Jefferson Parish about 9 miles (14 km) upriver from the city's business district.[11] This bridge was constructed and financed jointly between theLouisiana Highway Commission and theNew Orleans Public Belt Railroad primarily to accommodate railroad traffic, which up to that time was forced to cross the river by ferry between the rail yards at Avondale andHarahan. While it contained automobile lanes that benefited through traffic on US 90 through the area, the bridge's location made it inconvenient for local travel between New Orleans and the developing communities on the opposite side of the river.[9] While increasingly outmoded, the string of existing ferry services along the Mississippi River would continue to serve this purpose for another two decades.

Before the existence of the Westbank Expressway, the only highway traversing the west bank communities between US 90 and Algiers was formerState Route 30, a narrow two-lane highway that zigzagged through the center of each town. This route is now generally followed by the modern LA 18, which was created in the1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering.[12] During the 1930s, this once rural area was transformed into a booming industrial corridor focused along the Mississippi River and the Harvey Canal, which had become a link in the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. By 1942, the existing highway had become heavily congested, and the draw bridge crossing of the Harvey Canal was specifically cited as one of the worst traffic bottlenecks in the entire state. That year, the Jefferson Parish Police Jury and a committee of local citizens began to lobby the state highway department to alleviate the problem by constructing a new four-lane highway parallel to the existing Route 30. The proposed bypass would extend from US 90 near the Huey P. Long Bridge to theAlgiers Naval Station. It would also feature a bridge across the Harvey Canal with a higher draw span, allowing most marine traffic to pass underneath without impeding the flow of vehicular traffic.[13]

In 1946, theLouisiana Department of Highways engaged New York-based urban planner,Robert Moses, to study traffic patterns in theNew Orleans metropolitan area and compile a report to address current and future transportation needs.[14] Moses devised a multi-phase plan that incorporated both the downtown bridge proposal and the west bank bypass highway. The plan also included the Pontchartrain Expressway, another project discussed for many years involving the construction of a modern highway connecting the downtown area withUS 61 (Airline Highway), the main route to the state capital. Moses' plan combined these elements into a continuous traffic artery and provided cost estimates as well as engineering evaluations by the New York firm of Andrews and Clark.[14] Eight more years would pass, however, before construction on these projects would begin.

Construction

[edit]

The first project that would eventually become part of US 90 Bus. was underway in June 1954 with the construction of the Harvey Tunnel.[15] Approved by the Louisiana Department of Highways in October 1951, the tunnel had replaced the earlier idea of a bridge across the Harvey Canal. Although the more expensive option, the tunnel would be quicker to build and could be used as a bomb shelter in case the Cold War were to heat up.[11] Construction of the Westbank Expressway began in the vicinity of the Harvey Canal and forged a path largely along the southern edge of the west bank's existing development. It was originally configured as a divided four-lane surface highway with interchanges at US 90 and Victory Drive (now General de Gaulle Drive).[a] Intersections were provided at major cross streets between these points while two-lane frontage roads provided access to all services and remaining cross streets. The frontage roads began at Louisiana Street in Westwego and continued to the Victory Drive interchange in Algiers, interrupted only at the Harvey Tunnel, through which only the central express lanes traveled. On September 5, 1957, the Harvey Tunnel was opened to traffic and was touted as the first fully automatic underwater vehicular tunnel in the world.[17] Completion of the tunnel was more than 20 months behind schedule due to unexpected soil andcofferdam difficulties.[18] Also placed into service were the adjacent portions of the West Bank Expressway extending west to Barataria Boulevard in Marrero and east to Franklin Avenue in Gretna. A newly reconstructed and improved Franklin Avenue carried through traffic into Algiers at this time.[19]

The Greater New Orleans Bridge, now the westbound (geographically eastbound) span of the Crescent City Connection, began construction in early 1955.[15] The bridge was designed byModjeski and Masters, the firm responsible for the earlier Huey P. Long Bridge upriver. When opened to traffic in April 1958, the Greater New Orleans Bridge was declared as having the longest cantilever structure in the United States and third longest in the world, its central span totaling 1,575 feet (480 m). The bridge originally contained a 52-foot-wide (16 m) roadway that carried two 12-foot (3.7 m) travel lanes in either direction. The cost of the bridge was approximately $54 million, to be recouped by tolls collected at atoll plaza located at its west bank approach.[19] (The tolls were later removed by GovernorJohn McKeithen in 1964.)[20] Also opened was the first section of the Pontchartrain Expressway, New Orleans' first controlled access freeway, extending from the bridge to an interchange with US 90 (South Claiborne Avenue). The Pontchartrain Expressway also carried four lanes of traffic in its original configuration and contained partial interchanges at Camp Street, St. Charles Avenue, Dryades Street (now O'Keefe Avenue), and Loyola Avenue.[21]

After the opening of the Greater New Orleans Bridge, the Louisiana Department of Highways focused on extending its adjoining expressways to their intended termini. The Pontchartrain Expressway was completed between US 90 (South Claiborne Avenue) and US 61 (Airline Highway) in February 1960.[22] During construction, this segment had been incorporated into the newInterstate Highway System as part of I-10 and was signed accordingly by the end of the year.[23] In September 1960, the Westbank Expressway was completed westward from Barataria Boulevard to its interchange with US 90 near Avondale,[24][25] which involved filling in a section of Westwego's historic Company Canal.[26] With this accomplished, the designation of US 90 Bus. was applied to the entire route comprising the Westbank Expressway, Greater New Orleans Bridge, and the Pontchartrain Expressway as far as the Claiborne interchange, as it now connected with US 90 at either end.[27] Prior to 1960, the entire route carried the state highway designation ofLA 3019, which was changed from Route 2200 in the 1955 Louisiana Highway renumbering.[23][28]

Later improvements

[edit]

In December 1972, the I-10 viaduct in the median of South Claiborne Avenue was completed, closing a gap in the interstate's route between the Pontchartrain Expressway and Tulane Avenue.[29] New ramps were added to directly connect the two sections of I-10 and allow through traffic to bypass the Claiborne interchange. However, no direct connection was provided between US 90 Bus. and the new section of I-10 along South Claiborne Avenue.[30]

During the 1960s and 1970s, the suburbs of New Orleans continued to grow dramatically, including the communities on the west bank of the Mississippi River. The resulting traffic congestion on the Westbank Expressway led to plans that would ultimately convert most of the route into an elevated controlled-access freeway. This project was carried out in stages beginning in September 1977 with the construction of a high-level bridge across the Harvey Canal.[31] When completed in May 1984, the bridge became the route for through traffic while the frontage roads were reconfigured to utilize the existing Harvey Tunnel.[31] Also placed into service at this time was the first section of the elevated expressway on either end of the bridge, extending from Avenue D in Marrero to Manhattan Boulevard in Harvey.[31] The elevated expressway was completed eastward from Manhattan Boulevard to Lafayette Street in Gretna in January 1985[32] and to Stumpf Boulevard the following September.[33] After several delays, the portion between Stumpf Boulevard and Terry Parkway was completed in February 1987.[34] By 1993, the elevated Westbank Expressway was completed from the General de Gaulle Drive interchange to its present terminus near Westwood Drive in Marrero.[35] The original expressway lanes had been removed from that point through Westwego during the 1980s, leaving all traffic to utilize the existing service roads, which were improved and widened.[36][37] As of 2020, plans to complete the expressway through Westwego have not come to fruition, although the route is part of the future extension of I-49.[3][38]

By the 1970s, heavy traffic congestion on the Greater New Orleans Bridge and Pontchartrain Expressway led to the planning of a massive road project that would ultimately become the longest-running in the state's history.[39] Construction began in September 1980 on a parallel span of the Greater New Orleans Bridge designed to carry eastbound traffic on US 90 Bus., freeing the original span to carry four lanes of westbound traffic.[40] The Pontchartrain Expressway was also twinned between the new bridge and the Claiborne interchange, after which the original viaduct was extensively rebuilt. A new exit serving the recently improved Tchoupitoulas Street corridor created a route for truck traffic associated with the Port of New Orleans that had formerly traversed residential uptown neighborhoods. Several ramps accessed directly from neighborhood streets were removed and reconfigured, which was made possible by the construction of new service roads along the expressway. Preservationists celebrated the long-awaited removal of an entrance ramp on Camp Street in the city's historicLower Garden District, which was replaced by a less conspicuous ramp looping underneath the expressway. Perhaps most significant among the numerous other improvements, new flyover ramps were built to finally provide a direct connection to I-10 east of the Claiborne interchange. For years, motorists had utilized the US 90 east off-ramp to reach I-10 east while performing a dangerous and illegal maneuver that caused numerous accidents and fatalities over the years but was often tolerated by law enforcement out of necessity.[41]

The new span of the Greater New Orleans Bridge was completed in 1988, and both spans were collectively renamed the Crescent City Connection the following year. The entire project was completed and opened to traffic in June 1996 after 16 years and an expenditure of approximately $480 million.[40][42]

Future

[edit]

The entire route of US 90 Bus. is planned to become part of I-49, which is currently being extended fromLafayette to New Orleans along the present US 90 corridor. The proposed route south ofI-310 in Boutte, which includes US 90 Bus., was officially approved as Future I-49 by theAmerican Association of State Highway Officials on October 1, 1999.[43] Signage identifying the route as such can be seen at various points along the Westbank Expressway. TheFederal Highway Administration approved the existing freeway portion of US 90 Bus. to be signed asInterstate 910 in the interim, subject to the approval of the AASHTO's Route Numbering Committee.[44] However, theLouisiana Department of Transportation and Development did not follow through, and the designation remains unused.

Major intersections

[edit]
ParishLocationmi[1]kmExitDestinationsNotes
JeffersonAvondale0.000–
1.052
0.000–
1.693
-

Future I-49 north /US 90 west –Boutte,Raceland

US 90 east –Huey P. Long Bridge,New Orleans
Western terminus; interchange
Westwego2.3253.742-
LA 18 Spur (Louisiana Street)
Southern terminus of LA 18 Spur
Marrero4.020–
4.026
6.470–
6.479
-Westwood DriveSigned westbound at west end of freeway ramp
4.245–
4.292
6.832–
6.907
Western end of freeway; grade-level roadways continue as frontage roads
4.990–
5.047
8.031–
8.122
4AAmes BoulevardEastbound entrance and westbound exit
5.176–
6.074
8.330–
9.775
4BLA 45 (Barataria Boulevard)ToJean Lafitte
Harvey6.153–
6.171
9.902–
9.931
5MacArthur AvenueEastbound exit and westbound entrance
6.341–
7.201
10.205–
11.589
Bridge overHarvey Canal (Gulf Intracoastal Waterway)
7.285–
8.007
11.724–
12.886
6AManhattan BoulevardSigned eastbound as exit 6
7.78512.5296BLA 3017 (Peters Road) / MacArthur AvenueWestbound exit only; to Harvey Tunnel and Destrehan Avenue
Gretna8.096–
8.720
13.029–
14.033
7

LA 18 west /LA 23 south (Lafayette Street)
Eastern terminus of LA 18; western end of LA 23 concurrency (signed on frontage roads); toBelle Chasse andPort Sulphur
8.769–
9.446
14.112–
15.202
8Stumpf BoulevardEastern end of LA 23 concurrency (signed on frontage roads)
JeffersonOrleans
parish line
GretnaNew Orleans line9.569–
10.391
15.400–
16.723
9LA 428 (General de Gaulle Drive) / Terry Parkway, Frontage RoadWestern end of reversible HOV lanes; signed westbound as exits 9A (Terry Parkway) and 9B (General de Gaulle Drive)
OrleansNew Orleans10.374–
12.058
16.695–
19.405
Crescent City Connection overMississippi River
11.822–
12.577
19.026–
20.241
11Tchoupitoulas Street, South Peters StreetSigned eastbound as exit 11A and to Tchoupitoulas Street only
11.99919.311Convention Center BoulevardReversible eastbound exit / westbound entrance
12.138–
12.227
19.534–
19.677
12ACamp StreetEastbound exit and westbound entrance
12.596–
12.649
20.271–
20.357
12BO'Keefe AvenueEastbound exit and westbound entrance
12.900–
12.969
20.761–
20.872
12DCarondelet Street,St. Charles AvenueEastbound entrance and westbound exit
13.233–
13.506
21.296–
21.736
12CLoyola AvenueEastbound entrance and westbound exit
13.008–
14.004
20.934–
22.537
13A

ToUS 90 west (Claiborne Avenue) /Earhart Boulevard
Eastern end of reversible HOV lanes; Earhart Boulevard signed eastbound only
13.452–
14.004
21.649–
22.537
13B
US 90 east (Claiborne Avenue) –Superdome
Superdome signed westbound only
13.232–
14.250
21.295–
22.933
13CI-10 –Slidell,Baton RougeEastern terminus; exit number signed for I-10 east only; exit 234 on I-10
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Victory Drive was renamed as General de Gaulle Drive as part of an ordinance proposed by New Orleans' mayor,deLesseps S. Morrison, and approved by the city council in April 1960, commemorating the French president's concurrent visit to the city.[16]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abManagement & Finance Division (2019)."La DOTD GIS Data".Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. RetrievedApril 6, 2020.
  2. ^Adderly, Kevin."Table 2: Auxiliary Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways as of December 31, 2014".Route Log and Finder List.Federal Highway Administration. RetrievedNovember 4, 2015.
  3. ^abcdefghi"Overview Map of US 90 Business (New Orleans)" (Map).Google Maps. RetrievedApril 6, 2020.
  4. ^abcdLouisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Office of Multimodal Planning (February 2012).Jefferson Parish (North Section)(PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Baton Rouge: Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. RetrievedNovember 4, 2015.
  5. ^abcdefgLouisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Office of Multimodal Planning (February 2012).District 02: Official Control Section Map, Construction and Maintenance(PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Baton Rouge: Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. RetrievedNovember 4, 2015.
  6. ^abcLouisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Office of Multimodal Planning (February 2012).Orleans Parish(PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Baton Rouge: Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. RetrievedNovember 4, 2015.
  7. ^"LADOTD Estimated Annual Average Daily Traffic, Routine Traffic Counts". Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. 2019. RetrievedApril 6, 2020.
  8. ^"Louisiana Great River Road". Louisiana Scenic Byways. 2016. RetrievedMay 16, 2017.
  9. ^abcDabney, Thomas Ewing (1943). Bordenave, Justin F. (ed.). "Jefferson's Surging Growth Demands This Bridge".Jefferson Parish Yearly Review. Jefferson Parish Police Jury. pp. 82–92.
  10. ^Rand McNally (1935).Texaco Road Map: Arkansas/Louisiana/Mississippi (Map).Texaco.
  11. ^abMonies, Joseph H., ed. (1952). "Crossings and Channels".Jefferson Parish Yearly Review. Jefferson Parish Police Jury. pp. 54–64.
  12. ^Louisiana Department of Highways (July 1, 1955).Louisiana Highways: Interim Road Map (Map). Scale not given. Baton Rouge: Louisiana Department of Highways.
  13. ^Bordenave, Justin F., ed. (1942). "Jefferson's 'Burma Road'".Jefferson Parish Yearly Review. Jefferson Parish Police Jury. pp. 108–112.
  14. ^abClinton, E. M. (November 7, 1946). "Needed Highway Projects to Cost Over 50 Millions".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. pp. 1, 3.
  15. ^abClancy, Frank J. (1955). Monies, Joseph H. (ed.). "Progress Report of the Parish".Jefferson Parish Yearly Review. Jefferson Parish Police Jury. pp. 39–59.
  16. ^"Street Will Get De Gaulle Name".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. April 22, 1960. p. 26.
  17. ^Hall, LeRoy L. (1958). de Lucy, Gordon E. (ed.). "Final Report of the Jefferson Parish Police Jury".Jefferson Parish Yearly Review. Jefferson Parish. pp. 19–31.
  18. ^"Harvey Tunnel Being Cleared".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. August 25, 1957. p. 12.
  19. ^abWhite, William J. (1957). Sharp, Jim (ed.). "There's a Steel Rainbow Growing Over Gretna".Jefferson Parish Yearly Review. Jefferson Parish Police Jury. pp. 162–171.
  20. ^Lewis, Don (March 22, 1987). "New Bridge over the Mississippi Should Open in '88".The Advocate. Baton Rouge. p. 2B.
  21. ^United States Geological Survey (1966).New Orleans East, LA (Topographic map). 1:24,000. 15 Minute. Reston, VA: United States Geological Survey.
  22. ^"Time-Saving Big on Expressway".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. February 20, 1960. p. 1.ISSN 1055-3053.
  23. ^abLouisiana Department of Highways (December 1960).Louisiana (Map). Scale not given. Baton Rouge: Louisiana Department of Highways.
  24. ^"West Bank Link Opens Monday".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. September 11, 1960. p. 6.ISSN 1055-3053.
  25. ^Barry, Fred (October 9, 1960). "West Bank Expressway Removes Bottlenecks".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. p. 6.ISSN 1055-3053.
  26. ^Pennebaker, E. S. (1960). Thompson, Ray M. (ed.). "Transportation in Jefferson".Jefferson Parish Yearly Review. Jefferson Parish. p. 89.
  27. ^General Drafting (1961).Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi (Map) (November 1961 ed.).Esso.
  28. ^Louisiana Department of Highways, Traffic and Planning Section (January 1, 1958).Highway District No. 02: Official Control Section Map, Construction and Maintenance (Map). Scale not given. Baton Rouge: Louisiana Department of Highways.
  29. ^"Interstate 10 Section in N.O. to Open Today".State-Times. Baton Rouge. December 8, 1972. p. 16A.
  30. ^United States Geological Survey (1966).New Orleans East, LA (Topographic map) (1979 ed.). 1:24,000. 15 Minute. Reston, Virginia: United States Geological Survey.
  31. ^abc"Bridge Opens with Terse Verse".The Times-Picayune/The States-Item. New Orleans. May 26, 1984. p. 19.
  32. ^Atkinson, Paul (January 12, 1985). "New Expressway Section to Open".The Times-Picayune/The States-Item. New Orleans. p. A26.
  33. ^"Expressway Section Will Be Opened".The Times-Picayune/The States-Item. New Orleans. September 25, 1985. p. A23.
  34. ^Atkinson, Paul (February 3, 1987). "West Bank Expressway Stretch Will Be Opened on Wednesday".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. p. B-3.
  35. ^Atkinson, Paul (August 24, 1991). "Expressway Extension May Be Finished Early".Times-Picayune. New Orleans. p. B3.
  36. ^United States Geological Survey (1965).New Orleans West, LA (Topographic map) (1989 ed.). 1:24,000. 15 Minute. Reston, Virginia: United States Geological Survey.
  37. ^"Highway Report".The Advocate. Baton Rouge. January 9, 1986. p. 6A.
  38. ^Anderson, Ed (August 14, 1990). "State Considers More Projects for West Bank Expressway".Times-Picayune. New Orleans. p. B4.
  39. ^Atkinson, Paul (May 5, 1996). "Homestretch".Times-Picayune. New Orleans. p. A1.
  40. ^abAtkinson, Paul (May 5, 1996). "From Here to There: Making Life Easier".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. p. A4.ISSN 1055-3053.
  41. ^Philbin, Walt (March 8, 1989). "I-10's Deadly Ramps a Worry from the Start".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. p. A1.ISSN 1055-3053.
  42. ^Atkinson, Paul (June 1, 1996). "Done! Last Bridge Ramps Open".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. p. A1.ISSN 1055-3053.
  43. ^Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering (October 1, 1999)."Report of the Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering to the Standing Committee on Highways"(PDF) (Report). Washington, DC:American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on October 16, 2017. RetrievedNovember 4, 2015.
  44. ^Sine, Richard (April 1, 2000). "I-910 May Pave Path in N.O.".The Times-Picayune. New Orleans. p. A1.ISSN 1055-3053.

External links

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Template:Attached KML/U.S. Route 90 Business (New Orleans, Louisiana)
KML is from Wikidata
  • 1Former
  • 2Proposed
  • 3Unbuilt
  • 4Unsigned
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