| Route information | |
|---|---|
| Length | 2,171.71 mi[1] (3,495.03 km) |
| Existed | 1956–present |
| History | Completed in 1992 |
| NHS | Entire route |
| Major junctions | |
| West end | |
| Major intersections |
|
| East end | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| States | Utah,Colorado,Kansas,Missouri,Illinois,Indiana,Ohio,West Virginia,Pennsylvania,Maryland |
| Highway system | |
Interstate 70 (I-70) is a major east–westInterstate Highway in the United States that runs fromI-15 nearCove Fort, Utah, toI-695 andMaryland Route 570 (MD 570) inWoodlawn, just outsideBaltimore,Maryland.
I-70 approximately traces the path ofU.S. Route 40 (US 40; the oldNational Road) east of theRocky Mountains. West of the Rocky Mountains, the route of I-70 was derived from multiple sources. The Interstate runs through or near many major U.S. cities, includingDenver,Topeka,Kansas City,St. Louis,Indianapolis,Columbus,Pittsburgh, andBaltimore. The sections of the Interstate inMissouri andKansas have laid claim to be the first Interstate in the United States.[2] TheFederal Highway Administration (FHWA) has claimed the section of I-70 throughGlenwood Canyon inColorado, completed in 1992, to be the last piece of theInterstate Highway System, as originally planned, to open to traffic.[3]
The construction of I-70 in Colorado andUtah is considered an engineering marvel, as the route passes through theEisenhower Tunnel, Glenwood Canyon, and theSan Rafael Swell.[4] The Eisenhower Tunnel is the highest point along the Interstate Highway System, with an elevation of 11,158 feet (3,401 m).
| mi[1] | km | |
|---|---|---|
| UT | 231.70 | 372.89 |
| CO | 450.18 | 724.49 |
| KS | 424.15 | 682.60 |
| MO | 250.16 | 402.59 |
| IL | 157.33 | 253.20 |
| IN | 156.60 | 252.02 |
| OH | 225.60 | 363.07 |
| WV | 14.45 | 23.26 |
| PA | 167.92 | 270.24 |
| MD | 93.62 | 150.67 |
| Total | 2,171.71 | 3,495.03 |
I-70 begins at aninterchange withI-15 nearCove Fort. Heading east, I-70 crosses between the Tushar andPahvant ranges viaClear Creek Canyon and descends into theSevier Valley, where I-70 servesRichfield, one of two towns of more than a few hundred people along I-70's path in Utah. The second town with more than a few hundred people served by I-70 isSalina. Upon leaving the valley near Salina, I-70 crosses the 7,923-foot (2,415 m) Salina Summit and then crosses a large geologic formation called theSan Rafael Swell.

Prior to the construction of I-70, the swell was inaccessible via paved roads and relatively undiscovered. Once this 108-mile (174 km) section was opened to traffic in 1970, it became the longest stretch of Interstate Highway with no services and the first highway in the U.S. built over a completely new route since theAlaska Highway.[5][unreliable source] It also became the longest piece of Interstate Highway to be opened at one time.[6] Although opened in 1970, this section was not formally complete until 1990, when a second steel arch bridge spanning Eagle Canyon was opened to traffic.
Since I-70's construction, the swell has been noted for its desolate beauty. The swell has since been nominated fornational park ornational monument status on multiple occasions. If the swell is granted this status, it arguably would be the first time a national park owes its existence to an Interstate Highway. Most of the exits in this span are rest areas, brake check areas, andrunaway truck ramps with few traditional freeway exits.
I-70 exits the swell nearGreen River. From Green River to the Colorado state line, I-70 follows the southern edge of theBook Cliffs.
Entering from Utah, I-70 descends into theGrand Valley, where it meets theColorado River, which provides its path up thewestern slope of theRocky Mountains. Here, I-70 serves theGrand Junction metropolitan area before traversing more mountainous terrain.

The last section of I-70 to be completed was the 15-mile (24 km)Glenwood Canyon. This stretch was completed in 1992 and was anengineering marvel due to the extremely difficult terrain and narrow space in thecanyon, which requires corners that are sharper than normalInterstate standards. Construction was delayed for many years due to environmental concerns. The difficulties in building the road in the canyon were compounded by the fact theDenver and Rio Grande Western Railroad occupied the south bank, and many temporary construction projects took place to keepUS 6 open, at the time the only east–west road in the area. Much of the highway is elevated above theColorado River. The speed limit in this section is 50 mph (80 km/h) due to the limited sight distance and sharp corners.

TheEisenhower Tunnel, the highest vehicular tunnel in North America and the longest tunnel built under the Interstate program, passes through theContinental Divide.

Because of the rugged and narrow terrain of theRocky Mountains, I-70 is one of few roads connecting Colorado's ski resorts withDenver.
Descending through the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains, one can see the Denver skyline on a clear day. This can fool truckers and other unsuspecting drivers because one must still traverse 10 miles (16 km) of steep grade road before reaching the city. A series of signs warns truckers of the steep grade. As I-70 leaves the foothills, it goes through Denver and intersectsI-25, serving as the central east–west artery through the city. Leaving Denver, I-70 levels out and traverses the wide plains through eastern Colorado. East of Denver, I-70 makes a broad turn to the south-southeast for 30 miles (48 km), before reachingLimon and resuming its eastward journey toward Kansas.
Coming from Colorado, I-70 enters the prairie, farmlands, and rolling hills of Kansas. This portion of I-70 was the first segment to start being paved and to be completed in the Interstate Highway System. It is given the nickname "Main Street of Kansas", as the Interstate extends from the western border to the eastern border of the state, covering 424 miles (682 km) and passing through most of the state's principal cities in the process.

InSalina, I-70 intersects with the north terminus ofI-135. InTopeka, I-70 intersectsI-470, twice. At the eastern intersection, I-70 joins theKansas Turnpike and becomes atoll road. This is one of only two sections of I-70 that are tolled, the other being I-70's concurrency with I-76 on thePennsylvania Turnpike in southwest Pennsylvania. I-70 carries this designation from Topeka to Kansas City, the eastern terminus of the turnpike. About halfway between Topeka andKansas City, I-70 passes throughLawrence (home to theUniversity of Kansas). The tolled portion of the turnpike ends nearBonner Springs, just west of Kansas City. There is also a third auxiliary route in Topeka,I-335, which runs from I-470 south to meet up with I-35 in theFlint Hills town ofEmporia. Just past the Bonner Springs Toll Plaza, I-70 crossesI-435 for the first time, which allows travelers to bypass the downtown traffic via I-435, which encircles theKansas City metropolitan area. Further down the highway in Kansas City, approximately three miles (4.8 km) before the 18th Street Expressway, I-70 is intersected again by another auxiliary route. This route,I-635, runs fromI-35 at its southern terminus up toI-29, just about five miles (8.0 km) across theMissouri River, at its northern terminus. From I-635 to just past theUS 169 (7th Street) exit, I-70 runs adjacentUnion Pacific Railroad's Armourdale Yard. Here,I-670 (also designated "Alternate 70" on some signs) diverges, providing a more direct route that rejoins I-70 proper a few miles east in Missouri. The highway passes over the former stockyards and railyard when it crosses theKansas River on theIntercity Viaduct intoDowntown Kansas City, Missouri.[7]

After crossing theIntercity Viaduct, I-70 enters Missouri. It encounters a loop of freeways, called theDowntown Loop, which contains I-70 as well asI-35,I-670,US 24,US 40,US 71, andUS 169. In the southern part of this loop, I-670 cuts directly through the downtown while I-70 bypasses the taller buildings a few blocks north near theMissouri River. Westbound I-670 is also designated Alternate I-70. Most of the Interstates in this loop are in their second mile, so all exits (no matter which Interstate the road carries) are numbered 2 and suffixed with every letter of the alphabet except for I, O, and Z, leading to the loop's nickname, the Alphabet Loop.
The section of I-70 inDowntown Kansas City is approximately the southern city limits of "City of Kansas" when it was incorporated in 1853. The first two auto bridges in Missouri mark the city's original boundaries with theBuck O'Neil Bridge (US 169) being the west boundary while theHeart of America Bridge (Route 9) is the east boundary. Another intersection of note is the second traverse ofI-435. This is primarily notable because it immediately precedes theTruman Sports Complex (home of bothArrowhead andKauffman stadiums) and also because the entrance ramps from I-435 northbound onto I-70 eastbound also serve as the exit ramps from I-70 into the Truman Sports Complex parking lots. This section of the Interstate is marked as the "George Brett Super Highway", named after theKansas City Royals third-base player who played the entirety of his career (1973–1993) at Kauffman Stadium. The last Interstate intersection in the immediate Kansas City metro area is withI-470 inIndependence.
After passing Kansas City, I-70 traverses the length of Missouri, west to east. It passes through the largest city between Kansas City and St. Louis,Columbia, which is about halfway between the two major cities and the home of theUniversity of Missouri. The terrain is rolling with some hills and bluffs near rivers. I-70 also crosses the Missouri River twice (as did the original US 40)—atRocheport, about 15 miles (24 km) west of Columbia, and atSt. Charles, about 20 miles (32 km) northwest of St. Louis. Most of the highway on this stretch is four lanes. Various proposals have been made to widen it (at an estimated cost of $3.5 billion) including turning it into a toll road.[8] I-70 eventually gets intoGreater St. Louis, and US 40 splits to the south, along withUS 61, which does not have aconcurrency with I-70. In late 2009, the intersecting road was upgraded toInterstate standards along with the completion of the overhaul ofI-64.[9] After this interchange, I-70 intersects two auxiliary routes,I-270 andI-170. After passing severalbedroom communities in northSt. Louis County, I-70 enters the city limits of St. Louis. It turns east to cross theMississippi River on theStan Musial Veterans Memorial Bridge, connecting with an extension ofI-44, which takes the former I-70 route throughDowntown St. Louis to meetI-55 at its connection to thePoplar Street Bridge.
The1985 World Series between theKansas City Royals andSt. Louis Cardinals was nicknamed the "I-70 Series" because St. Louis and Kansas City are the two endpoints of I-70 inMissouri, and the highway passes within sight of both the Royals'Kauffman Stadium and, at the time, the Cardinals'Busch Stadium.
After crossing theStan Musial Veterans Memorial Bridge, I-70 merges with I-55, while I-64 splits off I-55. When the routes intersect I-270, I-55 stays on its own pavement using the mileposts from the Poplar Street Bridge, while I-70 heads east on I-270's pavement using I-270's mileposts. Because of this arrangement, when I-55/I-70 intersects I-270 from the southeast, the exit number is 20 and, in the opposite direction, it is exit 15.
I-70 was rerouted from the Poplar Street Bridge to the Stan Musial Veterans Memorial Bridge north of Downtown St. Louis, which opened in February 2014.
I-70 passes through numerouscounty seats in Illinois, among themVandalia, the state capital from 1818 to 1839. Itruns concurrently withI-57 aroundEffingham and then proceeds east toward Indiana.

I-70 enters Indiana just to the west ofTerre Haute and then crosses theWabash River before skirting the city's south side. After passing through miles of gently rolling terrain in rural west-central Indiana, the freeway approaches the majorIndianapolis metropolitan area.
The main entrance toIndianapolis International Airport was relocated to I-70's exit 68 on November 11, 2008. Upon nearing thecentral business district of Indiana's capital city, the visages ofLucas Oil Stadium and theJW Marriott Indianapolis hotel, with the city's skyline as their backdrop, now dominate the view to the north from the freeway. After passing just to the south of the world headquarters forEli Lilly and Company, I-70 andI-65 have a briefconcurrency through the eastern side ofDowntown Indianapolis. The junction points of these two major routes are known locally as the "South Split" and "North Split", respectively.
After passing through much of the near northeast side ofIndianapolis, I-70 again encounters the I-465 beltway, which carries a multitude of unsigned U.S. Highways and Indiana state roads. I-70 continues on nearly due east from this point, first traveling through suburbanIndianapolis and then transitioning into rural east central Indiana, where it passes just to the south ofNew Castle. Upon reaching theRichmond area,US 35 joins I-70 just before both routes leave Indiana together and enter Ohio.
I-70 entersOhio just east of the interchange with US 40 atRichmond, Indiana. Immediately to the east of this border, travelers notice a unique teal-blue arch that spans the width of the freeway, with a "Welcome to Ohio" greeting sign above the eastbound lanes. A sign thanking travelers for visiting Ohio is mounted on the other side of the arch for westbound travelers. Continuing eastbound, I-70 intersectsI-75 north ofDayton, followed byI-675 on the east side of Dayton.Springfield is the next city, the site ofBuck Creek State Park.

I-70 then encountersColumbus. Columbus is bounded byI-270 and is roughly centered on the intersection of I-70 andI-71, which share the same asphalt through a notoriously congested 1.5-mile (2.4 km) stretch locally known as the "South Innerbelt" or, more commonly, "The Split". This stretch has I-71 concurrent with I-70, where I-71 enters and exits from opposite sides of I-70, causing traffic getting on I-70 from I-71 northbound to have to cross four lanes of I-70 traffic to continue on I-71. A similar issue is present for southbound I-71 traffic as well. The Split is being reconstructed ($1.4 billion) and is scheduled to be completed by mid-2026.I-670 connectsJohn Glenn Columbus International Airport with I-270, I-71, and I-70. East of Columbus, I-70 passes throughZanesville and on toCambridge, where it intersectsI-77. Continuing on towardWest Virginia, I-70 intersectsI-470 just east ofSt. Clairsville. I-470 is primarily used for through traffic and to avoid The Winter Festival of Lights traffic during theChristmas season fromOglebay Park. In March 1995, a hole (from a former coal mine) opened up on the eastbound side of I-70 inGuernsey County nearOld Washington and caused traffic to be rerouted onto US 40 between Old Washington and Cambridge for several months.

The portion of I-70 in West Virginia crosses theOhio River atWheeling and runs through theWheeling Tunnel. I-70 has only one throughlane in each direction at the tunnel. A major interchange was planned but never completed on the east side of the Wheeling Tunnel. Upon merging with I-470, I-70 goes uphill toward Dallas Pike. This part of the road is called "Two Mile Hill", which is known locally for the many accidents at the bottom of the hill. I-70 has brought major development inOhio County, the only county the route passes through in West Virginia, in the past few years. On the north side of the highway, a former strip mine was developed into a retail area calledThe Highlands. This stretch of I-70 is the shortest that I-70 is in any state, traveling only 15 miles (24 km) from the Ohio River to the Pennsylvania border.
I-70 was initially envisioned to go throughDowntown Pittsburgh but now goes south of it. Its originally planned route was later incorporated intoI-376, as well as parts of I-76 andI-79. I-70 also overlaps I-79 near the Pittsburgh suburb ofWashington for three miles (4.8 km).
The 38 miles (61 km) of I-70 betweenWashington andNew Stanton is asubstandard section of the highway. This section of I-70 used to bePennsylvania Route 71 (PA 71). It is characterized by sharp curves, limited sight distance, narrow shoulders, and lack of merge lanes at interchanges. Traffic on cloverleaf ramps must weave in the right throughlane of traffic due to the lack of a third lane for entering and exiting traffic. Other on- and offramps effectively function asright-in/right-out interchanges, forcing vehicles to weave in and out of the exit lane. The speed limit on this stretch is 55 mph (89 km/h).
Between New Stanton andBreezewood, I-70 runsconcurrent withI-76 on thePennsylvania Turnpike. This is one of only two tolled sections of I-70, the other being on theKansas Turnpike between Topeka and Kansas City.
At Breezewood, I-70 leaves the Pennsylvania Turnpike, and travels over part ofan old turnpike alignment to atrumpet interchange. Here, I-70 travels west for a few blocks onUS 30 past severaltraffic-lights, before heading south on its own alignment.[10] This stretch of I-70 is one of the fewgaps on the Interstate Highway System.
I-70 continues on almost due south from Breezewood to the Maryland state line. This section is posted at 55 mph (89 km/h) and is heavily patrolled. After the border, it meetsI-68's eastern end and turns east toward Baltimore andWashington DC.

InMaryland, I-70 runs from thePennsylvania state line nearHancock east across the central portion of the state towardBaltimore, following the route of theNational Road, now known asUS 40. It is a major east–west highway in the state, serving the cities ofHagerstown andFrederick and bypassingEllicott City. East of Frederick, the route was originally designatedInterstate 70N (I-70N). The highway servesWashington DC, viaI-270, which was once designatedInterstate 70S (I-70S). I-70 indirectly serves a branch of theWashington Metro atShady Grove station viaI-370, which only connects to I-270.
I-70 was planned to end atI-95 in Baltimore, but, due to local opposition, it was only built toMD 122. The section east ofI-695 is nowMD 570.[11]
Besides being the first Interstate to receive a contract for pavement,[12] other oddities happened with I-70 as well.

As first proposed, the western terminus of I-70 was to beDenver. Utah and Colorado, however, pressured the federal government to extend the planned freeway farther west, arguing a direct link between Denver andSalt Lake City was vital for an effective highway system. The proposal was to follow what is nowUS 6 west and connect toI-15 atSpanish Fork, Utah. Federal planners, influenced by the military, agreed to extend the proposed route of I-70, but not to serve Salt Lake City; the military wanted to better connectSouthern California with theNortheastern U.S. This led to I-70's constructed route through the San Rafael Swell terminating at Cove Fort. Many motorists include I-70 as part of their cross-country drives betweenNew York City andLos Angeles (which are accessible to I-70 via other Interstates).[6]
Completed in 1992, the freeway through Glenwood Canyon Colorado was the last major section of freeway on I-70 to be completed and widely heralded as an environmental and engineering success.[13]

As a result offreeway revolts in the Baltimore area, I-70 was not completed east ofMD 122 to its planned terminus atI-95 within the city of Baltimore, and it now ends at a four-way symmetrical stack interchange withI-695, the Baltimore Beltway. Until November 2014, I-70 ended at apark-and-ride lot at MD 122 as the freeway enters the city of Baltimore at exit 94. Commuters park on the pavement where high-speed freeway lanes were to be. The former freeway from I-695 to MD 122 is being converted into a two-lane parkway to be renamed Cooks Boulevard,[14] maintained by theMaryland State Highway Administration.[15]
The highway gave its name to theI-70 killer, aserial killer who committed a string of murders within a few miles of it in severalMidwestern states in the early 1990s. No suspect has ever been apprehended despite the widespread publicity the murders generated, including their being featured several times on the television showAmerica's Most Wanted andUnsolved Mysteries.[citation needed]
It also lends its name to theI-70 strangler, who murdered at least twelve boys and young men whose bodies were discovered along I-70. Though officially unsolved, it is believed that deceased businessmanHerb Baumeister, a suspect in over a dozen homicides inIndiana, might have been the perpetrator.[16]
John Allen Muhammad andLee Boyd Malvo, the duo responsible for theDC sniper attacks, were apprehended at a rest stop on I-70 nearMyersville, Maryland, in 2002.[17]
The1985 World Series was a contest between theSt. Louis Cardinals and theKansas City Royals and won by the Royals. As these cities are primarily connected by I-70, the media has often called the series and the two teams'interleague rivalry the I-70 Series.[18]

A breakdown of I-70's auxiliary routes follows: