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Lusitanian Integralism Integralismo Lusitano | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | IL |
| Founders | |
| Founded | 1914; 111 years ago (1914) |
| Dissolved | 1932; 93 years ago (1932) (as a political organization) |
| Succeeded by | National Syndicalist Movement |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Third Position |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
Integralismo Lusitano (English: "Lusitanian Integralism") was aPortugueseintegralist political movement founded inCoimbra in 1914 that advocatedtraditionalism but notconservatism. It was againstparliamentarism but favoureddecentralization,national syndicalism, theCatholic Church and themonarchy. Its members included an amalgam of rightists, monarchists, Catholics and nationalists.[1]
Lusitanian Integralism is a variant of integralism that evolved in Portugal, the term "Lusitania" being derived from theLatin term for the southern region of what is now Portugal. The movement was created to address the threats of anticlerical liberalism, socialism, populist and revolution.[2] The movement drew inspiration from the French royalist movementAction française and it considered an authoritarian, nationalist and corporatist monarchy to be ideal.[3] The movement was particularly active during thePortuguese First Republic, which it criticised.[4]
It initially supported the lastking of Portugal,Manuel II but refused to back him after 1920 after the attempts to restore the monarchy that were initiated inMonsanto Forest Park,Lisbon, and during theMonarchy of the North, but it supported Manuel's cousin,Miguel of Braganza.
Integralismo Lusitano's notable members includedAntónio Sardinha,Alberto de Monsaraz,José Adriano Pequito Rebelo,José Hipólito Vaz Raposo,João Ameal, Leão Ramos Ascensão,Luís de Almeida Braga, andFrancisco Rolão Preto.
The leadership remained active in 1917–1918, when it supported the leadership ofSidónio Pais, but it also backed theDitadura Nacional (National Dictatorship), established after the28 May 1926 coup d'état. It adopted part of the Integralismo Lusitano's ideology.[1]
When Manuel II died without heirs in 1932, the movement rallied all monarchists behind the descendants ofMiguel, who had been exiled after theLiberal Wars.
Integralismo Lusitano published a journal calledNação Portuguesa, which collaborated with other figures for its counter-revolutionary publications.[5] It was founded by Raposo.[6]
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