Indonesian Migrant Worker

Pekerja Migran Indonesia Tenaga Kerja Indonesia
Total population
4.5 million (2014)
Regions with significant populations
Malaysia	107,085
Taiwan	68,874
Saudi Arabia	38,104
Hong Kong	30,208
Singapore	25,601
United Arab Emirates	15,276
Languages
Indonesian(national) Indonesian languages,Arabic,English
Religion
Islam(majority),Christianity
Related ethnic groups
Indonesians (Overseas Indonesians)

Indonesian migrant workers (Indonesian:Pekerja Migran Indonesia,PMI, formerly known asTenaga Kerja Indonesia,TKI) areIndonesian citizens whowork in countries outside ofIndonesia.

Indonesia's population is the world's fourth-largest, and due to a shortage of domestic jobs, many Indonesians seek employment overseas. These migrant workers are mostly low-skilled and work in the domestic sector. They are prone to exploitation, extortion, physical and sexual abuses andhuman trafficking.^[1] Several cases of abuse have been reploted, some of which been picked up by international media.^[2]

It is estimated that around 4.5 million Indonesians work abroad. Roughly 70 percent are women, most of whom are employed in domestic sector (as maid or domestic helpers) or in the manufacturing sector. Migrant Indonesian men mostly work on plantations, in the construction or transportation industries or in the service sector. Most Indonesian migrants are in their prime work years, between 18 and 35 years old. However, cases of underage workers attaining employment with the aid of falsified documents have been reported.^[3]

Since 1969, the government of Indonesia has administered the recruitment of migrant labor.^[4] The public program has attracted criticism, with opponents claiming it unduly elevates the rights of private recruitment agents over those of the migrant workers they recruit.

CurrentlyMalaysia employs the largest numbers of Indonesian migrant workers, followed by Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, Hong Kong, and Singapore. It is important to note that these are official numbers, the actual numbers might be far larger contributed by unrecorded illegal entry of Indonesian workers into foreign countries.

Source:BNP2TKI^[5][6]

Country	2011	2012	2013	2014*
Malaysia	134,120	134,023	150,236	107,085
Taiwan	78,865	81,071	83,544	68,874
Saudi Arabia	137,835	40,655	45,394	38,104
Hong Kong	50,301	45,478	41,769	30,208
Singapore	47,786	41,556	34,655	25,601
United Arab Emirates	39,917	35,571	44,505	15,276
Oman	7,306	8,836	10,719	15,035
South Korea	11,392	13,593	15,374	9,623
Brunei	10,804	13,146	11,269	9,298
United States	13,749	15,353	15,021	7,839
Qatar	16,616	20,380	16,237	6,872
Bahrain	4,379	6,328	5,384	4,535
Japan	2,508	3,293	3,042	2,093
Kuwait	2,723	2,518	2,534	1,530
Turkey	1,016	1,209	1,518	1,155
Italy	3,408	3,691	3,746	1,075
China	1,072	1,967	2,055	812
Fiji	556	970	848	809
Canada				805
Spain	1,484	1,746	1,417	754
Mauritius	478	982	1,017	734
Netherlands	592	798	1,176	664
Thailand	1,113	1,035	1,041	597
Germany	299	697	1,168	518
Australia	526	945	1,012	441
South Africa	1,272	1,388	905	460
Trinidad and Tobago				481

• to 31 October

• to 31 October

• Nadila, a character inKakushigoto: My Dad's Secret Ambition, is an Indonesian migrant worker who works as a housekeeper in Japan.

• Overseas Indonesians
• Human trafficking in Indonesia
• Erwiana Sulistyaningsih
• Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) –Filipino version ofmigrant worker

• Migrant Care NGO focused on migrant worker issues

• Migrant workers
• Labour in Indonesia

• CS1 Indonesian-language sources (id)
• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Articles containing Indonesian-language text
• "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation
• Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters