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Native name | PT Dirgantara Indonesia (Persero) |
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| Company type | State-owned company |
| Industry | Aerospace andDefense |
| Founded | 23 August 1976 (asNurtanio Aircraft Industry (Indonesian:Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio) |
| Headquarters | Bandung,West Java, Indonesia |
Area served | Worldwide |
| Products | Commercial Airliners Military aircraft Aircraft Component Aircraft Services Defense Engineering |
Number of employees | 3,689 (2021) |
| Parent | PT Len Industri |
| Website | indonesian-aerospace |
Indonesian Aerospace (IAe;Indonesian:PT Dirgantara Indonesia), is an Indonesian aerospace company involved in aircraft design and the development and manufacture of civilian and military regional commuter aircraft, and a subsidiary of state-owned electronics manufacturerLen Industri [id]. The company was formerly known asPT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara (Persero) (IPTN;lit. 'Nusantara Aircraft Industry (State-owned) Limited').[1][2] It was expanded from a research and industrial facility under the auspices of theIndonesian Air Force, namelyLembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio (LIPNUR) orNurtanio Aviation Industry Institute.[3]
Established in 1976 as a state owned company, it has developed its capability as an aircraft manufacturer and diversified into other areas, such as telecommunication, automotive, maritime, information technology, oil & gas, control & automation, military, simulation technology, industrial turbine, and engineering services.
Though aircraft production in Indonesia existed before independence in 1945, the National Aviation Industry was pioneered in 1946 atYogyakarta by the formation ofPlanning and Construction Bureau (Indonesian:Biro Rencana dan Konstruksi) within theIndonesian Air Force. Wiweko Soepono, Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo, and J. Sumarsono, opened a simple workshop atMagetan, nearMadiun. With basic materials, gliders were designed and built –Zogling, NWG-1 (Nurtanio Wiweko Glider) among others.
In 1948, a motorised aircraft, WEL-X was built by Wiweko Soepono using aHarley Davidson engine. The small craft was registered as RI-X. This era marked the rise of severalaeromodelling clubs.
The war for independence, however, halted all progress until 1953. In that year,The Experimental Section (Indonesian:Seksi Percobaan) was organised. Consisting of only 15 personnel, led by Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo, The team built and tested three prototypes of a single-seat all metal aircraft at Andir Airport (Later renamedHusein Sastranegara International Airport) inBandung.
On 24 April 1957, TheExperimental Section graduated into TheInspection, Trial, and Production Sub-Depot (Indonesian:Sub Depot Penyelidikan, Percobaan dan Pembuatan) based on Decision Letter of Indonesian Air Force Chief of Staff number 68.
In 1958, a light training aircraft prototype namedBelalang 89, orGrasshopper 89, was flown. The design was later produced asBelalang 90. FiveBelalang 90 were built and used for military training. Within the same year, a sport plane, "Kunang 25", was also built and flown.
On 1 August 1960, by the order of the Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Air Force (order #488), TheAviation Industry Preparation Agency was to be formed to establish the Indonesian aviation industry as part of national strategies on national industrial production. By 16 December 1961, the new body, known as LAPIP (Lembaga Persiapan Industri Penerbangan), was actively negotiating for technological transfers and contracts.
LAPIP was able to secure a joint licensing and production contract with thePolish People's Republic (through the latter's foreign trade monopoly, the Complete Industrial Facilities Export Centre (CEKOP)). Within the same year, Indonesia was producing thePZL-104 Wilga, locally named theGelatik. 44 were manufactured for agriculture, transport, and aero club purposes.
In 1965, theAircraft Industry Project Implementation Command (Komando Pelaksana Proyek Industri Pesawat Terbang;KOPELAPIP) and the Independent Aircraft Industry National Company (PN. Industri Pesawat Terbang Berdikari) were formed to expand and formulate specific uses of the young aviation industry.
Within the same timeline, Aviation Studies were promoted in the country's top universities. One of the first schools was founded within the machine department of the engineering faculty of theBandung Institute of Technology by Oetarjo Diran and Liem Keng Kie.
In September 1974,Pertamina's Advanced Technology Division signed a license contract withMBB andCASA for producingBölkow Bo 105 andCASA C.212 Aviocar.
On 26 April 1976, mandated by Government Act No. 15, inJakarta, PT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was officially established withBJ. Habibie as the President and CEO. The infrastructure was completed and inaugurated on 23 August 1976 by PresidentSuharto. The new body was a merger between Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution (Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio/LIPNUR) andPertamina's Advanced Technology Division.
The name 'Nurtanio' is a tribute to Nurtanio Pringgoadisuryo, one of the first aviation pioneers in Indonesia, who designed theSikumbang, an indigenous all metal aircraft (maiden flight: 1 August 1954). As a result of his death caused by a flight training accident on 1 March 1966, theAviation Industry Preparation Agency was then renamedNurtanio Aviation Industry Institution LLC (Indonesian:Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio (Abbreviated as LIPNUR)).
Initially, IPTN manufactured theNBO 105 (MBB Bo 105) under license fromMBB, followed by the NC 212 (CASA C-212 Aviocar), under license byCASA.
On 11 October 1985, the namePT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was changed to thePT Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara or IPTN.Nusantara signifies the Indonesian 17,000 islandarchipelago.
The exclusion of "Nurtanio" from IPTN was due to some highly questionable accusations. One of the allegations was a personal use of company's letterhead by Nurtanio's family to appropriate some IPTN stocks. None was proven true.[citation needed]
Following the1997 Asian financial crisis, a major restructuring program was implemented. At its peak, in 2004, the Indonesian Aerospace reduced its payroll from 9670 to 3720. Furthermore, the 18 business divisions were reorganised into the following:
The restructuring focused on new business goals, downsizing and adaptation of man-power according to available workloads, and a pinpoint market targeting along with a concentrated business mission.[clarification needed]
The IPTN was re-introduced as PT Dirgantara Indonesia (abbreviated DI) or Indonesian Aerospace (abbreviated IAe). IAe was officially inaugurated by the President ofIndonesia,Abdurrahman Wahid, inBandung on 24 August 2000.
On 4 July 2011, Indonesia's government said it will inject Rp.2 trillion ($234 million) to Indonesian Aerospace to keep the debt-ridden firm afloat with a view to making a joint venture withEADS. Before injection, the amount of unpaid debt to the government was Rp.1.1 trillion ($129 million).[4]
Indonesian Aerospace covers an area of 86.98ha. The backbone of the production is sustained by 232 high tech operations. Apart from these, there are other minor high-tech facilities spread over various assembly lines, laboratories, and service & maintenance units. They are located mainly inBandung.
(PTDirgantara Indonesia (DI) – (IAe) Indonesian Aerospace)
(Angkatan Udara Republik Indonesia, Depot Penjelidikan, Pertjobaan dan Pembuatan – Indonesian Air Force Research, Development, and Production Depot)
(Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio – Nurtanio Aviation Industry Institution)
Indonesian Aerospace has plans to construct theN245, designed to carry 50 passengers for about 400 kilometres in remote areas or where passenger demand is low. The design is based primarily on that of theCN235, with body shape and tail modifications. The development cost of the aircraft has thus far reached $150 million, with an expectedbreak even point of 50–70 aircraft sales. The aircraft is meant as a market competitor to theATR 42 andBombardier Dash 8 Q300.[21]
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