The followingoutline is provided as an overview of and topical guide toChina:
ThePeople's Republic of China is the most extensive country inEast Asia andthe third most extensive country in the world.[1][note 1] With a population of over 1,400,000,000, it is thesecond most populous country in the world.
TheChinese Communist Party (CCP) has led the PRC under aone-party system since the state's establishment in 1949. The PRC is involved in a dispute over thepolitical status of Taiwan. The CCP's rival during theChinese Civil War, theKuomintang (KMT), fled toTaiwan andsurrounding islands after its defeat in 1949, claiming legitimacy over China,Mongolia, andTuva while it was the ruling power of the Republic of China (ROC). The term "mainland China" is often used to denote the areas under PRC rule, but sometimes excludes its twospecial administrative regions:Hong Kong andMacau.
Because of its vast population, rapidly growing economy, and large research and development investments, China is considered an "emerging superpower".[2][3] It has the world'ssecond largest economy (largest in terms ofpurchasing power parity.)China is also a permanent member of theUnited NationsSecurity Council andAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation.[4][5][6][7] Since 1978, China's market-based economic reforms have brought the poverty rate down from 53% in 1981 to 8% by 2001.[8] However, China is now faced with a number of other socioeconomic problems, including an aging population, an increasing rural-urban income gap, andrapid environmental degradation.[9][10]
China plays a major role in international trade. The country is the world's largest consumer of steel and concrete, using, respectively, a third and over a half of the world's supply of each.[11] Counting all products, China is thelargest exporter and thesecond largest importer in the world.[12][13]
Mongolia 4,677 km
Russia 3,645 km
India (excluding the territorial border disputes;McMahon Line) 3,380 km
Myanmar 2,185 km
Kazakhstan 1,533 km
North Korea 1,416 km
Vietnam 1,281 km
Nepal 1,236 km
Kyrgyzstan 858 km
Pakistan 523 km
Bhutan 470 km
Laos 423 km
Tajikistan 414 km
Afghanistan 76 km
The People's Republic of China is a member of:[1]
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