 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Independence of Moldova" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(March 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
 |
|---|
Judiciary |
| Administrative divisions |
 Moldova portal |
Theindependence of Moldova was officially recognized on 2 March 1992, whenMoldova gained membership of theUnited Nations. The nation had declared its independence from theSoviet Union on 27 August 1991, and was a co-founder of the post-Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States. Moldova became fully independent from the Soviet Union that December, and joined the United Nations three months later.
In the new political conditions created after 1985 by theglasnost policy introduced byMikhail Gorbachev in 1986 to supportperestroika (restructuring), aDemocratic Movement of Moldova (Romanian:Mişcarea Democratică din Moldova) was formed, which in 1989 became known as the nationalistPopular Front of Moldova (FPM;Romanian:Frontul Popular din Moldova).[1][2] Along with several other Soviet republics, from 1988 onwards, Moldova started to move towards independence. On 27 August 1989, the FPM organized a mass demonstration inChişinău, that became known as the Great National Assembly (Romanian:Marea Adunare Naţională), which pressured the authorities of theMoldavian Soviet Socialist Republic to adopt a language law on 31 August 1989, that proclaimed theMoldovan language written in the Latin script to be the state language of the MSSR. Its identity with theRomanian language was also established.[1][3]
Thefirst independent elections for the local parliament were held in February and March 1991.Mircea Snegur was elected as speaker of the parliament, andMircea Druc as prime minister. On 23 June 1990, the parliament adopted the Declaration of Sovereignty of the Soviet Socialist Republic Moldova, which, among other things, stipulated the supremacy of Moldovan laws over those of the Soviet Union.[1] After the failure of the1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, on 27 August 1991, Moldova declared its independence. On 21 December of the same year, Moldova, along with most of the former Soviet republics, signed the constitutive act that formed the post-SovietCommonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Moldova became fully independent from the Soviet Union on 25 December 1991. The following day the Soviet Union ceased to exist. Declaring itself aneutral state, it did not join the military branch of the CIS. Three months later, on 2 March 1992, the country gained formal recognition as an independent state at theUnited Nations. In 1994, Moldova became a member ofNATO'sPartnership for Peace program and also a member of theCouncil of Europe on 29 June 1995.[1]
TheDeclaration of Independence of the Republic of Moldova was a document adopted by theParliament of the Republic of Moldova following thedissolution of the Soviet Union. The document claims "millenary history" and "uninterrupted statehood" within historic and ethnic borders.
The Republic of Moldova gained official recognition of statehood on 2 March 1992, when gaining membership of theUnited Nations.
The Moldovan Declaration of Independence clearly and directly claims Moldovansovereignty over the territory ofTransnistria as it is "a component part of the historical and ethnic territory of our people". However, the Moldovan Declaration of Independence is itself used as an argument against Moldovan sovereignty over Transnistria as it denounces theagreement of 23 August 1939, between the government of theSoviet Union and the government ofNazi Germany, the only formal mention of the union between the two territories, "null and void" .[4]
