Inđija Инђија (Serbian) | |
|---|---|
Town andmunicipality | |
 Panorama of Inđija  Inđija Town Hall  Outlet Park Inđija  Inđija Cultural Centre  TQ City  Celtic Village  Dorđe Vojinović's House | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of the municipality of Inđija within Serbia | |
| Coordinates:45°03′N20°05′E / 45.050°N 20.083°E /45.050; 20.083 | |
| Country |  Serbia |
| Province |  Vojvodina |
| District | Srem |
| Settlements | 11 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Marko Gašić (SNS) |
| Area | |
| • Town | 47.96 km2 (18.52 sq mi) |
| • Municipality | 384.61 km2 (148.50 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 116 m (381 ft) |
| Population (2022 census)[2] | |
| • Town | 24,450 |
| • Town density | 509.8/km2 (1,320/sq mi) |
| • Municipality | 43,443 |
| • Municipality density | 112.95/km2 (292.55/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 22320 |
| Area code | +381(0)22 |
| Official languages | Serbian[3] |
| Website | www |
Inđija (Serbian Cyrillic:Инђија,pronounced[ǐndʑija]) is a town and a municipality located in theSrem District of the autonomous province ofVojvodina,Serbia. As of 2022, the town has total population of 24,450, while the municipality has 43,433 inhabitants. It is located in the geographical region ofSyrmia.
According to the legend, the name of the town comes from Turkish word "ikindia" – meaning evening prayer and is related to the time after 1699 when the town fell under Turkish rule. On the other hand, there is the claim that the town was named after the name of Orthodox women – Inđija. Newest researches states that name of the city is taken from Latin word "Indigena" meaning "indigenous". This theory is most relevant, due to presence of ancient Illyrian, Celtic and Roman settlements in neighbourhood of modern Inđija. InSerbo-Croatian, the town is known asInđija (Serbian Cyrillic:Инђија), inHungarian asIngyia, inGerman asIndia, inSlovak asIndia orIndjija, and inRusyn as Индїя.
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The first verifiable evidence of Inđija's existence is in the Charter of DespotJovan Branković from 1496, but it may have existed as early as 1455 as possession of Hungarian noble family Sulyok. During the Ottoman administration (16th-18th centuries), Inđija was mostly populated by ethnicSerbs, and was part of theOttomanSanjak of Syrmia.
Since 1717, Inđija was part of theHabsburg monarchy, and became a feudal domain of Count Marko Pejačević of thePejačević family that originated fromChiprovtsi,Bulgaria. The old medieval Inđija was placed a little bit to the north than today town. The present-day Inđija was founded by theSerb settlers fromBeška and Patka in 1746. According to the description from 1746 it had 60 households, while in 1791 it has already grown to 122 households with 1,054 residents. In the second half of the 18th century, this new settlement was mostly populated by ethnic Serbs.Germans andCzechs start settling in Inđija at the beginning of the 19th century, whileHungarians migrated there towards the end of the century. During the time, Germans became dominant population in the town.[citation needed]
In the middle of the 18th century, Inđija became part of theSyrmia County of theKingdom of Slavonia, which also was part of the HabsburgKingdom of Croatia and of the HabsburgKingdom of Hungary. In 1848–1849, it was part of autonomousSerbian Vojvodina, while from 1849 to 1860 it was part of theVoivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar. Since 1860 Inđija was again part of theKingdom of Slavonia, which in this time was a completely separate Habsburg crownland. Kingdom of Slavonia was subsequently (in 1868) joined with theKingdom of Croatia into newly formedKingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, which, following the 1868Croatian–Hungarian Settlement, became an autonomous kingdom within the HabsburgKingdom of Hungary andAustria-Hungary.
First fairs started to take place in Inđija at the beginning of the 19th century, when the state's postal service was established. Telegraph became operational in Inđija in 1850, while postal money transfers commenced in 1886. The first bank was established in 1897, and the first trade school in 1897. The first electric plant in Inđija started with its operations in 1911.[citation needed]
The industrial progress in Inđija was initiated with the establishment of mills in the mid 19th century, and the first larger steam operating mill, with a capacity of 10 cars of wheat per day, was built by a company fromBudapest in 1890. After the mills, the brick factories followed, while the carpentry tradition and furniture production started in 1876. At the beginning of the 20th century, a famous fur factory was established, while the spirits factory was built in 1912.
Industrial development of Inđija is largely related to the development of railroad infrastructure. The railroad reached Inđija in 1883, from two directions: fromSubotica andZagreb in the north and west respectively, continuing towardsBelgrade. This has practically positioned Inđija on the crossroads of two keyBalkan railroad directions.
Since 1918, Inđija was part of theKingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed toKingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929). After the World War I, first factories were established producing anything from strollers for children, nails, jam,powdered eggs, and parachutes, to textiles and metal processing industry right after the World War II. In the first half of the 20th century Inđija became a traditional trading destination and headquarters of successful trade companies. The first modern road inSerbia the so-called "International Road" (Novi Sad–Beograd) passed through Inđija in 1939.[citation needed]
Prior to World War II, 5,900 of the total population of 7,900 was composed of ethnicGermans. The town was at the time one of the most developed settlements inVojvodina, and a spiritual and cultural center of Germans in theSyrmia region.
During the World War II (1941–1944), the town was occupied by the fascist puppet state of the Independent State of Croatia. After the defeat of Axis Powers, in 1944, the German army was expelled and most of the Yugoslav Germans were forcibly removed from the country. Those who remained in Yugoslavia were sent to prison camps. After camps were abolished (in 1948), most of the remaining Yugoslav Germans were expulsed to Germany. After 1944, new migratory patterns intensified and, according to 1953 census, Inđija was mainly populated by Serbs. Population of the town increased from 7,758 in 1948 to 26,247 in 2002.
As of the 2002 census, 87.61% of the town population areSerbs. Inđija is also one of the economically most advancedSerbian municipalities, and a premium investment destination.[citation needed]
Inđija municipality includes the town of Inđija and the following villages:
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 27,600 | — |
| 1953 | 29,287 | +1.19% |
| 1961 | 36,484 | +2.78% |
| 1971 | 40,530 | +1.06% |
| 1981 | 44,151 | +0.86% |
| 1991 | 44,185 | +0.01% |
| 2002 | 49,609 | +1.06% |
| 2011 | 47,433 | −0.50% |
| Source:[4] | ||
According to the 2011 census results, the municipality of Inđija has 47,433 inhabitants.
Most of the settlements in the municipality have an ethnic Serb majority. The settlement with a Slovak ethnic majority is Slankamenački Vinogradi.
The ethnic composition of the municipality:[5]
| Ethnic group | Population |
|---|---|
| Serbs | 40,871 |
| Croats | 1,569 |
| Hungarians | 829 |
| Romani | 426 |
| Ukrainians | 391 |
| Slovaks | 380 |
| Yugoslavs | 210 |
| Montenegrins | 117 |
| Macedonians | 71 |
| Slovenians | 46 |
| Russians | 39 |
| Germans | 34 |
| Muslims | 19 |
| Others | 2,431 |
| Total | 47,433 |
Railways in Inđija | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):[6]
| Activity | Total |
|---|---|
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 297 |
| Mining and quarrying | - |
| Manufacturing | 5,609 |
| Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 74 |
| Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 283 |
| Construction | 380 |
| Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 2,289 |
| Transportation and storage | 601 |
| Accommodation and food services | 358 |
| Information and communication | 116 |
| Financial and insurance activities | 143 |
| Real estate activities | 15 |
| Professional, scientific and technical activities | 328 |
| Administrative and support service activities | 263 |
| Public administration and defense; compulsory social security | 375 |
| Education | 612 |
| Human health and social work activities | 792 |
| Arts, entertainment and recreation | 102 |
| Other service activities | 198 |
| Individual agricultural workers | 371 |
| Total | 13,207 |
Numerous cultural historical monuments, modern and prehistoric, are testify to the turbulent history of this region. Remains of Roman and medieval fortress and a monument to theBattle of Slankamen talk about the strategic importance of this area of the Danube, which was the border of various empires through history.
Urban core Indjija dates from the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, from the period of industrial development and the period of German nationality residents settling when building of Municipal Administration, house of Vojnovics,[7] the Roman Catholic Church of St. Peter, the building of the presbytery and townhouses with frontage eclectically designed with elements Baroque, Classical, Renaissance and Art Nouveau were built. Somewhat earlier Church "Vavedenja presvete Bogorodice" was formed, which by its proportions, is one of the most beautiful and most suitable buildings in Srem preserved from the eighteenth century.
With its new pedestrian zone with a monumental square, modern building of the Cultural Center[8] floral arrangements and street furniture, Indjija builds an image of the European city tailored for a modern man.
On June 26, 2007 there was a concert of TheRed Hot Chili Peppers held in Inđija. The concert lasted for about 1 hour and 20 minutes and was a part ofGreen Fest. Around 90,000 to 100,000 people, many of them from neighbouring countries, came to see one of today's most popular bands.
Inđija has a football clubFK Inđija competed in the Serbian First League and an American football club Inđija Indians competing in the SAAF league. Woman handball club ŽRK Železničar Inđija finished sixth in Handball Super League of Serbia for Woman.[9] Basketball club namedŽelezničar is currently playing in third division, but has participated inBasketball League of Serbia in 2011–12 season.
Indjija was elected as one of the hosts of the2009 Summer Universiade, which was held in Serbia in July 2009.
Indjija has 10 elementary school, 3 middle schools[10] and Faculty of Technical Sciences(Novi Sad) Department for Software Engineering[11]
Inđija has two main churches: Serbian Orthodox Church (from 1756) and Roman Catholic Church (from 1867−1872). There is also a new Orthodox church. Smaller, home-based, Protestant congregations also exist.
Gevgelija, North Macedonia
Jablanica, Bosnia and HerzegovinaOhrid, North Macedonia
Paderno Dugnano, Italy
Elektrėnai, Lithuania
Al-Salt, Jordan
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