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Imperial Commissioner (China)

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Former officer of imperial China, ranking below the Emperor

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Imperial Commissioner (simplified Chinese:钦差大臣;traditional Chinese:欽差大臣;pinyin:qīn chāi dà chén;Manchu:ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᡳ
ᠲᠠᡣᡡᠷᠠᡥᠠ
ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨhese i takūraha amban) was a high-ranking government official or military general commissioned by theemperor of China during the lateMing (1368–1644) andQing (1644–1912) dynasties. His power was just below that of the emperor, such that he could commandviceroys andprovincial governors by imperial edict.

Functions

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Main responsibilities

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Negotiations with foreign powers, for exampleLin Zexu,Qishan andShen Baozhen) as well as treaty ratification as exemplified byQiying,Yixin, Prince Gong andLi Hongzhang.

Manage aid and unite local government in response to large-scale natural disasters.

Subsidiary responsibilities

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Military recruitment and transport. Examples includeTan Lun,Hong Chengchou,Xiang Rong,Zuo Zongtang andYuan Shikai

List of Imperial Commissioners (middle and late Ming dynasty)

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Imperial Commissioners received a sword of office from the emperor.

List of Imperial Commissioners (late Qing)

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Early (1368–1435)	Red Turban Rebellion Wu Mian rebellion Ming conquest of Yunnan Ming–Mong Mao War Campaign against the Uriankhai Battle of Buir Lake Lin Kuan rebellion Dao Ganmeng rebellion Jingnan campaign Ming treasure voyages Ming–Turpan conflict Ming–Đại Ngu War Battle of Palembang Battle of Kherlen Ming–Kotte War Lam Sơn uprising Campaigns against the Mongols Reign of Ren and Xuan
Middle (1435–1572)	Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns Tumu Crisis Defense of Beijing Rebellion of Cao Qin Miao rebellions Prince of Anhua rebellion Prince of Ning rebellion Capture of Malacca Japanese missions to Ming China Ningbo incident Great Rites Controversy Renyin plot Luso-Chinese agreement Jiajing wokou raids Single whip law
Late (1572–1683)	Jianzhou war Bozhou rebellion Ordos campaign Imjin War Donglin movement Sino-Dutch conflicts Liaoluo Bay Transition from Ming to Qing Jurchen unification Seven Grievances Sarhū Great Plague She-An Rebellion Peasant rebellions Jiashen Incident Shanhai Pass Southern Ming Kingdom of Tungning

Government

Military

Frontiers

Compilations and documents

Palaces and mausoleums

Society and culture

Economy

Other topics

History of Ming

Qing dynasty topics

History

Early (1616–1683)	Jurchen unification Later Jin Seven Grievances Later Jin invasion of Joseon Qing invasion of Joseon Transition from Ming to Qing Battle of Shanhai Pass Great Clearance Battle of Penghu Revolt of the Three Feudatories
High Qing (1683–1799)	Sino-Russian border conflicts Dzungar–Qing Wars Chinese expedition to Tibet (1720) Chinese Rites controversy Ten Great Campaigns Miao Rebellion (1735–1736) Lhasa riot of 1750 Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas Afaqi Khoja revolts Durrani-Qing relations Sino-Burmese War Lin Shuangwen rebellion Battle of Ngọc Hồi-Đống Đa Sino-Nepalese War Miao Rebellion (1795–1806) White Lotus Rebellion
19th century (1801–1900)	Eight Trigrams uprising of 1813 First Opium War Dogra–Tibetan war (Sino-Sikh war) Taiping Rebellion Nian Rebellion Red Turban Rebellion (1854–1856) Small Swords Society Miao Rebellion (1854–1873) Nepal–Tibet War (1855–1856) Panthay Rebellion Second Opium War Punti–Hakka Clan Wars Amur Annexation Self-Strengthening Movement Tongzhi Restoration Dungan Revolt (1862–1877) Mudan incident Tianjin Massacre Margary Affair Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874) Northern Chinese Famine Qing reconquest of Xinjiang Sino-French War Sikkim expedition Jindandao incident First Sino-Japanese War Gongche Shangshu movement Dungan Revolt (1895–1896) Hundred Days' Reform Third plague pandemic Boxer Rebellion Red Lanterns Eight-Nation Alliance Declaration of war
20th century (1901–1912)	Late Qing reforms British expedition to Tibet 1905 Batang uprising Preparative Constitutionalism 1909 Parliamentary election 1909 Provincial Assembly elections Chinese expedition to Tibet (1910) Manchurian plague Railway Protection Movement 1911 Revolution Wuchang Uprising Xinhai Lhasa turmoil Mongolian Revolution of 1911 1911 Revolution in Xinjiang Imperial Edict of the Abdication of Puyi Articles of Favourable Treatment Manchu Restoration

Government

Military

Special regions

Palaces &
mausoleums

Society &
culture

Treaties

Currency

Coinage	Zhiqian Kangxi Tongbao Qianlong Tongbao Hongqian Great Qing Copper Coin Great Qing Gold Coin
Paper money	Great Qing Treasure Note Hubu Guanpiao Banknotes of the Da Qing Bank

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Functions

Main responsibilities

Subsidiary responsibilities

List of Imperial Commissioners (middle and late Ming dynasty)

List of Imperial Commissioners (late Qing)

See also