.svg) Tông Nhân phủ ấn (宗人府印), thegreat seal of the Nguyễn dynasty's Imperial Clan Court. | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 1389 |
| Preceding agency |
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| Imperial Clan Court | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-Yuan | |||||||||
| Chinese | 宗正寺 | ||||||||
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| Yuan | |||||||||
| Chinese | 太宗正院 | ||||||||
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| Ming & Qing | |||||||||
| Chinese | 宗人府 | ||||||||
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| Vietnamese name | |||||||||
| Vietnamese alphabet | Tông Nhân phủ or Tôn Nhân phủ | ||||||||
| Hán-Nôm | 宗人府 or 尊人府 | ||||||||
| Manchu name | |||||||||
| Manchu script | ᡠᡴᡠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡴᠠᡩᠠᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠶᠠᠮᡠᠨ | ||||||||
| Möllendorff | uksun be kadalara yamun | ||||||||
TheImperial Clan Court orCourt of the Imperial Clan was aninstitution responsible for all matters pertaining to the imperial family under theMing andQing dynasties ofimperial China.[1] This institution also existed under theNguyễn dynasty ofVietnam where it managed matters pertaining to theNguyễn Phúc clan.[2]
Established in 1389 by theHongwu Emperor, it was based on previous institutions like the "Court of the Imperial Clan" of theTang andSong dynasties and the "Office of the Imperial Clan" of theYuan dynasty.[3] Under the Ming dynasty, the Court was managed by theMinistry of Rites; during the Qing, it was outside the regular bureaucracy.[4] Under both dynasties, the Court was staffed by members of the imperial clan.[5] Imperial clansmen who committed crimes were not tried through the regular legal system.[6] Qing imperial clansmen were registered under theEight Banners, but were still under the jurisdiction of the Imperial Clan Court.[7] The Court used regular reports on births, marriages, and deaths to compile the genealogy of the imperial clan (玉牒,Yùdié).[8] The imperial genealogy was revised 28 times during the Qing dynasty.[9]
A memorial inPeking Gazette 1874 mentions:
The military authorities of the Amoor region report that a gioro (member of the Imperial lineage) named Che-ch'êng, alias Che-kwang, originally borne on the rolls of the blue banner at Peking, but without specific employ, who was transported into penal servitude at the Amoor in 1862, after being implicated in eight different cases of theft and burglary, has now made his escape from custody. Since his transportation, he has already committed the same offence on five occasions; and having been imprisoned lately on a charge of concerted robbery, he managed to break out of jail on the 24th September and get away. Reports have been sent concerning him to theImperial Clan Court and the Board of Punishments.[10]
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