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An American military chaplain prepares for a live-streamed liturgy in an empty chapel atOffutt Air Force Base in March 2020
TheCOVID-19 pandemic that started in 2020 and ended in May 2023 significantly impacted liturgical celebrations of theCatholic Church worldwide. The Pontifical FoundationAid to the Church in Need (ACN) stated that the pandemic was not "just a medical, social and economic problem, but also a pastoral problem", which led ACN to start encouraging a special program for the actions of priests andreligious against the virus spread.[1]
Countries where there were suspensions of Catholic Masses with the presence of the people during the COVID-19 pandemics, at regional level (in red) or national level (in burgundy).
In March 2020, all publicMasses were suspended in Vatican City and Italy due to theCOVID-19 pandemic. These suspensions began in late-February in the Archdioceses ofMilan andVenice and were extended to the rest of the Italian peninsula on 8 March.[2] Setting an example for churches unable to celebrate public Masses due to the lockdown, Pope Francis began livestreaming daily Mass from his residence atDomus Sanctae Marthae on 9 March.[3] Outside Italy, Mass in cities around the world were suspended in the days that followed.[4][5] At the height of the outbreak in Italy,[6] on 27 March, Pope Francis imparted theUrbi et Orbi blessing, normally reserved for Christmas and Easter, from an emptySaint Peter's Square following a prayer for the health of all the world.[7][8] For the prayer service, Francis brought the crucifix fromSan Marcello al Corso which had processed through the streets of Rome during themiraculous plague cure of 1522.[9] The prayer service concluded withBenediction of the Blessed Sacrament, as church bells were rung andsirens blared across Rome.[10][11] The spread of COVID-19 soon slowed in Italy, and public Masses were allowed to resume on 18 May, with Pope Francis celebrating his last daily live-stream Mass and first public Mass sincethe lockdown on the centenary of the birth of Pope John Paul II.[12]
All over the world, many churches suspended the presence of the faithful in their Masses, and resorted to virtual services for broadcasting the celebrations, such aslive streaming or other ones, like television and radio.[13][14] The Vatican announced that theHoly Week celebrations inRome, which take place at the end ofLent would be canceled. Some dioceses ordered their churches to be closed to the public, while other dioceses such as theArchdiocese of New York canceled Masses but kept churches open for prayer.[15] In Spain, many cities canceled theirHoly Week festivities. Holy Week is usually celebrated with parades and significant collections with tourism; inSeville, it was the first time that events were canceled since1933.[16] Due to the interruption of several Catholic religious activities (if not their totality),Pope Francis greatly encouraged the prayer of theHoly Rosary.[17]
The 2020 fiscal report for the Vatican showed a decrease in revenue of about 50%, but theInstitute for the Works of Religion contributed more income. Expenses were reduced by $3.88 million. The Vatican also planned to increase theirliquid capital in response to market uncertainty in order to avoid selling Church assets in unfavorable market conditions.[23]
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