Ilmari Juutilainen | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Birth name | Eino Ilmari Juutilainen |
| Nickname | Illu |
| Born | (1914-02-21)21 February 1914 |
| Died | 21 February 1999(1999-02-21) (aged 85) Tuusula, Finland |
| Allegiance | Finland |
| Branch | Finnish Air Force |
| Service years | 1932–1947 |
| Rank | Sergeant Major |
| Unit | LeLv 24 LeLv 34 |
| Conflicts | |
| Awards | |
| Relations | Aarne Juutilainen (brother) |
| Other work | Professional pilot |
Eino Ilmari "Illu"Juutilainen (21 February 1914 – 21 February 1999) was afighter pilot of theIlmavoimat (Finnish Air Force), and the top scoring non-German fighter pilot of all time. The topflying ace of the Finnish Air Force, he led all Finnish pilots in score againstSoviet aircraft inWorld War II (1939–40 and 1941–44), with 94 confirmedaerial combat victories (he himself claimed further kills for a total of 126 victories, but these were unconfirmed) in 437sorties.[1] He achieved 58 of his victories while flying aMesserschmitt Bf 109G and 34 with aBrewster Buffalo.[2]
One of the four double recipients of theMannerheim Cross 2nd Class, Juutilainen was born inLieksa, and died inTuusula. His brother was the Finnish Army CaptainAarne Juutilainen, nicknamed "The Terror of Morocco".[3]
Juutilainen flewFokker D.XXI,Brewster Buffalo, andMesserschmitt Bf 109 fighters. He finished the war without a single hit to his plane from enemy fighter airplanes (once he was forced to land after a friendlyanti-aircraft gun fired at his Bf 109). Juutilainen never lost a wingman in combat. He also scored the first radar-assisted victory in the Finnish Air Force on 24 March 1943, when he was guided to aSoviet Pe-2 by a German radar operator, who was testing out the freshly delivered radar sets, which officially became operational three days later.
Juutilainen entered theFinnish military on 9 September 1932 for his compulsory military service, serving as a pilot in theFinnish Air Force starting in 1935. On 1 May 1935, Juutilainen was promoted to sergeant. He was transferred toLeLv 24, operating fromUtti, on March 3, 1939. In October 1939, with the situation worsening, the squadron moved to Immola, closer to the Finnish-Soviet frontier.
During theWinter War (which broke on 30 November 1939) Juutilainen flew theFokker D.XXI. He scored his first victory on 19 December 1939, shooting down anIlyushin DB-3 bomber and damaging two more.[5] At the end of the Winter War, Juutilainen had achieved one shared and two individual victories.[6]
During theContinuation War, Juutilainen served in3/LeLv 24, flying aBrewster B-239 "Buffalo".
On 21 July 1941, Juutilainen and five other Buffaloes scrambled to intercept Soviet fighters from 65th ShAP that were strafing Finnish troops nearKäkisalmi. During that sortie, he destroyed aPolikarpov I-153 'Chaika', making him an "ace" in the Brewster Buffalo.[7]
A few days later, on 1 August, seven fighters under the command of First Lieutenant Karhunen destroyed six I-16s nearRautjärvi, and Juutilainen (having been promoted toWarrant Officer in the meantime) claimed two of them.[8]
On the morning of 6 February 1942, while reconnoitering the Petrovkiy-Jam region with other LLv 24 pilots, Juutilainen intercepted sevenTupolev SB bombers escorted by 12 MiG-3s. Juutilainen claimed two SBs.
Juutilainen later recalled:
I noticed the bombers at 3,000 metres, and radioed the boys about them. As we intercepted the Soviet aircraft, I spotted a formation of three SBs heading for a nearby railway line and dived after them. Targeting the aircraft to the left of the formation, my fire set its port wing aflame. The SB crashed next to the railway line. Just as I started after the lead bomber, I observed a MiG fighter closing in on me. In spite of the threat posed by the latter, I managed to hit the bomber in the starboard engine, which poured out smoke and oil. Moments later the aeroplane rolled over to the right and plunged into the forest close to the railway line.Turning my attention to the MiG, which was above me, I managed to shoot at it as we raced towards each other. My aim was good and the fighter started to trail black smoke from the engine. He banked away to the east, losing altitude as it went.[9]
On 27–28 March 1942,3/LLv 24 moved to Immola in preparation for a Finnish Army offensive on Suursaari, in the Gulf of Finland. Although grossly outnumbered over the Gulf of Finland,LeLv 24 pilots were more experienced than their Soviet opponents from Red Banner Baltic Fleet. Even when they had the advantage of surprise and height, Soviet pilots did not succeed in shooting down Finnish pilots.[10]
On 28 March, WO Juutilainen, in patrol with Sgt Huotari, attacked some "Chaikas" of 11 IAP over the Suurkylä shoreline, atHogland, and shot down two of them. These air victories took Juutilainen's tally to 22. A month later, on 26 April, he became his unit's first recipient of the Mannerheim Cross.[12]
On 20 September, he took off with Capt Jorma Karhunen and3/LeLv 24 pilots for a patrol of theKronstadt-Tolbukhin [ru]-Seiskari region. Near the Estonian coast, they were bounced by ten Soviet fighters. But the Finnish quickly reacted and managed to down three of their opponents. WO Juutilainen was credited with two kills.[10]
All in all, Juutilainen scored 34 victories in Brewster B-239, 28 of them (including three triple kills) between 9 July 1941 and 22 November 1942, in his BW-364 "Orange 4".[6]
In 1943, Juutilainen was transferred toLeLv 34, which used new Messerschmitt Bf 109G-2s.[5] With the Bf 109, he shot down a further 58 enemy planes. He shot down six Soviet airplanes on 30 June 1944 (all confirmed on Soviet loss records), becoming anace in a day and parallellingJorma Sarvanto's score on 6 January 1940 in theWinter War.
Juutilainen refused an officer commission, fearing it would keep him from flying.
His 94th and last victory was aLi-2, the Russian version of theDouglas C-47, shot down on 3 September 1944 over the Karelian Isthmus.[5]
After the wars, Juutilainen served in the air force until 1947. He worked as a professional pilot until 1956, flying people in hisDe Havilland Moth. His last flight was in 1997, at age 83, in a two-seatF-18 Hornet of the Finnish Air Force.
Juutilainen died at home inTuusula (Tusby) on his 85th birthday on 21 February 1999.
| Aircraft | Victories |
|---|---|
| Fokker D.XXI | 2 1/6 |
| Brewster B-239 | 34 |
| Messerschmitt Bf 109G | 58 |
| Total | 94 1/6 |
| Aces with over 30 air victories | |
|---|---|
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
