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Idyll

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Short poem

"Idyl" redirects here. For other uses, seeIdyl (disambiguation).

Anidyll (/ˈaɪdɪl/,UK also/ˈɪdɪl/; from Greek εἰδύλλιον (eidullion) 'short poem'; occasionally spelledidyl inAmerican English)^[1]^[2]^[3] is a shortpoem, descriptive of rustic life, written in the style ofTheocritus's shortpastoral poems, theIdylls (Εἰδύλλια).

UnlikeHomer, Theocritus did not engage in heroes and warfare. His idylls are limited to a small intimate world, and describe scenes from everyday life. Later imitators include the Roman poetsVirgil andCatullus, Italian poetsTorquato Tasso,Sannazaro andLeopardi, the English poetAlfred, Lord Tennyson (Idylls of the King), and Nietzsche'sIdylls from Messina.Goethe called his poemHermann and Dorothea—whichSchiller considered the very climax in Goethe's production—an idyll.^[4]

Terminology

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The term is used in music to refer generally to a work evocative of pastoral or rural life such asEdward MacDowell'sForest Idylls, and more specifically to a kind of French courtly entertainment (divertissement) of thebaroque era where a pastoral poem was set to music, accompanied by ballet and singing. Examples of the latter areLully'sIdylle sur la Paix set to a text byRacine,Charpentier’sidylle sur le retour de la santé du Roi H.489 andDesmarets'Idylle sur la naissance du duc de Bourgogne set to a text byAntoinette Deshoulières.^[5]

In the visual arts, an idyll is a painting depicting the same sort of subject matter to be found in idyllic poetry, often with rural or peasant life as its central theme. One of the earliest examples is the early 15th centuryTrès Riches Heures du Duc de Berry.^[6] The genre was particularly popular in English paintings of the Victorian era.^[7]

References

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^"idyll".The Chambers Dictionary (9th ed.). Chambers. 2003.ISBN 0-550-10105-5.
^"idyll".The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins.
^εἰδύλλιον, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
^Gjert Vestrheim: "Hellas som ideal",Antikken i ettertiden (s. 170-2), edited by Universitetsforlaget, Oslo 2009,ISBN 978-82-15-01482-1
^Randel, Don Michael (1999). "Idyll",The Harvard Concise Dictionary of Music and Musicians. Harvard University Press, p. 312 andpassim.ISBN 0-674-00084-6; Sadie, Julie Anne (1998).Companion to Baroque Music. University of California Press, p. 53.ISBN 0-520-21414-5
^Hagen, Rose-Marie and Hagen, Rainer (2002)What Great Paintings Say, Volume 1.Taschen, p. 20.ISBN 3-8228-2100-4
^Treble, Rosemary (1989). "The Victorian picture of the country" inThe Rural idyll (G. E. Mingay, ed.). Routledge, pp. 51–59.ISBN 0-415-03394-2