Izz ad-Dīn Abū al-Hasan Ibn al-Athīr | |
|---|---|
| Title | Al-Hafiz Izz ad-Din |
| Personal life | |
| Born | May 12, 1160 CE, Jazirat Ibn Umar, present-dayCizre,Seljuk Empire |
| Died | 630 AH (1232/1233CE),Mosul,Ayyubid dynasty[1] |
| Era | Islamic golden age |
| Main interest(s) | Hadith,History |
| Notable work(s) | The Complete History andThe Lions of the Forest and the knowledge about the Companions |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Shafi'i[2] |
| Creed | Ash'ari[3][4] |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by | |
Influenced | |
Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ash-Shaybānī, better known asʿAlī ʿIzz ad-Dīn Ibn al-Athīr al-Jazarī (Arabic:علي عز الدین بن الاثیر الجزري; 1160–1233) was aHadith expert,historian, andbiographer ofArab descent who wrote inArabic and was from theIbn Athir family.[5] At the age of 21, he settled with his father inMosul to continue his studies, devoting himself to the study of history andIslamic tradition.
Ibn al-Athir belonged to the Shayban lineage of the large and influentialArab tribeBanu Bakr,[6][7][8][9] which lived across upperMesopotamia and gave its name to the city ofDiyar Bakr.[10][11][12] He is also described to have been ofKurdish origin.[13]
In the analysis ofSharafnama, historianNaji Ma'ruf notes that its author, EmirSharaf Khan Bidlisi, explicitly identified a number of scholars and families of Arab origin, stating their lineage without ambiguity. However, in the Arabic translation of the work, these same individuals are often presented in a way that may lead readers to assume they were Kurds, despite the original text confirming their Arab heritage. According to Ma'ruf, Arabs constitute more than half of the figures mentioned inSharafnama, even though the work primarily concerns the history of Kurdish states and emirates. As an example, Ma'ruf cites the historian Ibn al-Athir al-Jazari and his brothersDiyā' ad-Dīn Ibn Athir andMajd ad-Dīn Ibn Athir, who, according to all major Arabic biographical sources, were Arabs of theBanu Shayban tribe. In the translator’s footnotes to the Arabic edition, Ibn al-Athir is described as Kurdish, a claim that is unfounded and contrary to Sharaf Khan's own statements.[14]
As above mentioned, Ibn al-Athir was the brother of Majd ad-Dīn Ibn Athir and Diyā' ad-Dīn Ibn Athir. al-Athir lived a scholarly life inMosul, often visitedBaghdad, and for a time traveled withSaladin's army inSyria. He later lived inAleppo andDamascus. His chief work was a history of the world,al-Kamil fi at-Tarikh (The Complete History).
Ibn al-Athir died in 1232/1233 and was buried in a cemetery in Mosul, at the district of Bab Sinjar.[15] His tomb was built in the 20th century and was located in the middle of a road, after the cemetery was cleared for modernization.[16] It became a site of an erroneous legend, which identified it as a tomb of a female mystic.[17] However, the government later installed a marblestele to indicate that it was Ibn al-Athir's tomb.[18][19] His tomb was also regarded in localYazidi folklore as being the grave of a girl who married theEmir of Mosul but died of poisoning.[20]
The tomb of Ibn al-Athir was bulldozed by members ofIslamic State of Iraq and the Levant (in June 2014.[21]
'Ali ibn al-Athir 106 The Sunni historian and Ash'ari theologian Abū al-Hasan 'Izz al-Dīn 'Alī ibn Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Karīm ibn 'Abd al-Wāhid al-Jazarī al-Shaybānī was born inCizre (Turkey) in 555/1160 and was of Arab descent.
لقد ذكر الامير شرف خان البدليسي في كتابه «الشرفنامة» عددا من العلماء ، والاسر العربية واشار بصراحة الى نسبهم العربي ، غير أن من يقرأ الشرفنامة في ترجمتها العربية يتوهم انهم من الاكراد وهم في الواقع عرب خلص كما نص البدليسي نفسه على ذلك ، وهم يؤلفون أكثر من نصف الكتاب بل يزيد عدد الامراء العرب كثيرا على عدد الامراء الآخرين كما سيلاحظ القارىء ذلك فيما يأتي على الرغم من أن كتاب الشرفنامة يبحث في تاريخ الدول والامارات الكردية . وأما تعليقات المترجم فلم يكن لأكثرها سند تاريخي ذلك انه كان يعجبه أن يضفي كلمة كردي» على كل رجل عربي وعلى كل اسرة عربية ولم يقل مثل ذلك البدليسي نفسه من ذلك : ما جاء في ص ۲۳ الحاشية (٥) عن عز الدين ابن الاثير الجزري فقد اعتبره المترجم كرديا مع انه عربي صميم من قبيلة شيبان هو واخواه ضياء الدين ومجد الدين كما تؤيد ذلك المصادر العربية كافة المدونة في تراجمهم في هذا الجزء[In his book “Al-Sharafnama”, Prince Sharaf Khan Al-Bedlisi mentioned a number of scholars and Arab families and explicitly indicated their Arab lineage. However, whoever reads the Sharafnama in its Arabic translation would imagine that they were Kurds, but in reality they were pure Arabs, as Al-Bedlisi himself stated. They comprise more than half of the book. Indeed, the number of Arab princes far exceeds the number of other princes, as the reader will notice in what follows, despite the fact that the book “Al-Sharafnama” deals with the history of the Kurdish states and emirates. As for the translator’s comments, most of them had no historical basis, as he liked to attribute the word “Kurdish” to every Arab man and every Arab family. Al-Bedlisi himself did not say the same regarding: What is stated on page 23, footnote 5, about Izz al-Din Ibn al-Athir al-Jazari, the translator considered him a Kurd, although he was a pure Arab from the Shaiban tribe, he and his brothers Diya’ al-Din and Majd al-Din, as is supported by all the Arab sources recorded in their biographies in this section.]
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