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I with bowl

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Letter of the Latin alphabet used for historical orthography of Jaꞑalif
Not to be confused withthe lowercase letter b,Ƅ, orsoft sign.
I with bowl
Ь ь
Due to the absence of a character in Unicode, it cannot be displayed in computer-compatible fonts; in some cases, graphemes similar in style can be used instead.
Usage
Writing systemLatin script
TypeAlphabetic
Language of originYañalif
Sound values[ɯ]
[ɤ̆]
[ɨ]
Other
Writing directionLeft-to-Right
This article containsphonetic transcriptions in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

Latin yeru[1][2] orI with bowl[3][dubiousdiscuss] (majuscule:Ь, minuscule:ь)[note 1] is an additional letter of the Latin alphabet based on the Cyrillicsoft sign. It was introduced in 1928 into the reformedYañalif, and later into other alphabets for Soviet minority languages. The letter was designed specifically to represent the non-front close vowel sounds[ɨ] and[ɯ].[4] Thus, this letter corresponds to the letterI ı in modern Turkic alphabets,[5][6][7][8][9][10] and the letteryery (⟨Ы ы⟩) in Cyrillic.

Usage

[edit]

The letter was originally included in theYañalif, and later also in the alphabets of theKurdish,Abaza,Sami,Ingrian,Kalmyk,Komi,Tsakhur,Azerbaijani andBashkir languages, as well as in the draft reform of theUdmurt alphabet. During the project of the Latinization of the Russian language, this letter corresponded to the Cyrillic letterЫ ы. In Kalmyk, however, it represented palatalisation of the preceding consonant, thus corresponding to the Cyrillic homoglyphЬ ь.

In languages and alphabets that used this letter, the lowercase form of B was asmall capital⟨ʙ⟩ so that there would be no confusion between⟨b⟩ and⟨ь⟩.

  • New Turkic alphabet (Yañalif)
    New Turkic alphabet (Yañalif)
  • The Latin-based Unified Northern Alphabet
  • Kurdish alphabet of 1929
    Kurdish alphabet of 1929
  • Abazin alphabet of the 1930s
    Abazin alphabet of the 1930s
  • Sami alphabet of 1933
    Sami alphabet of 1933
  • Komi alphabet of 1934
    Komi alphabet of 1934
  • Tsakhur alphabet of 1934
    Tsakhur alphabet of 1934
  • The draft reform of the Udmurt and Komi scripts of 1931
    The draft reform of the Udmurt and Komi scripts of 1931
  • Crimean Tatar alphabet from the 1920s, with the Latin script in the middle columns.
    Crimean Tatar alphabet from the 1920s, with the Latin script in the middle columns.
  • Table of contents, on a book, showing the use of Ь in some words.
    Table of contents, on a book, showing the use of Ь in some words.
  • Tour poster showing the promo of a state conservery, I with bowl can be seen.
    Tour poster showing the promo of a state conservery, I with bowl can be seen.
  • Comparison of the New Turkic alphabets, as well as examples of sentences.
    Comparison of the New Turkic alphabets, as well as examples of sentences.
  • Book cover, whose title translates to "On Surkhan," shows the use of the letter in the word "Bujьnda."
    Book cover, whose title translates to "On Surkhan," shows the use of the letter in the word "Bujьnda."
  • Wall sign at a ballet theatre, notice the I with bowl is barely visible at the top of it.
    Wall sign at a ballet theatre, notice the I with bowl is barely visible at the top of it.
  • Sample ballot in Crimean Tatar for voting elections to the Supreme Soviet of the Crimean ASSR in 1938.
    Sample ballot in Crimean Tatar for voting elections to the Supreme Soviet of the Crimean ASSR in 1938.
  • Examples of sentences in Latin-script Komi.
    Examples of sentences in Latin-script Komi.
  • Janjur Saman theatrical play poster
    Janjur Saman theatrical play poster
  • Yerevan State poster for the opera show at an Azerbaijani theatre.
    Yerevan State poster for the opera show at an Azerbaijani theatre.
  • Poster of Leyli and Majnun, with Latin-script on top section.
    Poster of Leyli and Majnun, with Latin-script on top section.
  • 1936 bulletin about Baku theatres.
    1936 bulletin about Baku theatres.
  • Emblem of Azerbaijani SSR from 1937-1940. I with bowl is found in the words "Respuʙliqasь" and "Proletarlarь."
    Emblem of Azerbaijani SSR from 1937-1940. I with bowl is found in the words "Respuʙliqasь" and "Proletarlarь."
  • Azerbaijani dance melody sheet. The letter can be seen in the title written in Latin script.
    Azerbaijani dance melody sheet. The letter can be seen in the title written in Latin script.

Encoding

[edit]

A Latin letter I with bowl hasn't been adopted intoUnicode because of the concern that encoding it could open the door to "duplicating the whole Cyrillic alphabet as Latin letters."[1][2][11][3] Instead, computer and mobile users can substitute similar letters, eitherЬ ь orƄ ƅ (Latin letter tone six, the letter that was previously used in theZhuang alphabet to denote the sixth tone[˧]).

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Here represented with theCyrillic soft sign, to which it ishomoglyphic

References

[edit]
  1. ^abKarl Pentzlin, Ilya Yevlampiev (2008-11-03)."Proposal to encode four Latin letters for Jaꞑalif"(PDF). Retrieved2017-10-24.
  2. ^abKarl Pentzlin, Ilya Yevlampiev (2010-09-24)."Proposal to encode two Latin letters for Jaꞑalif"(PDF). Retrieved2017-09-28.
  3. ^abNikita Manulov (2022-05-20)."Proposal to encode Latin capital and small letter I with bowl"(PDF). Retrieved2022-06-28.
  4. ^W. K. Matthews (2013).Languages of the USSR. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press. p. 71.ISBN 978-1-107-62355-2.
  5. ^Tatar (tatarça / татарча / تاتارچا)
  6. ^Azerbaijani (آذربايجانجا ديلي / Azərbaycan dili / Азәрбајҹан дили)
  7. ^Karaim (къарай тили, Karay dili, לשון קדר)
  8. ^Khakas (Хакас тілі / Khakas tîlî)
  9. ^Kumyk (Къумукъ тил / Qumuq til)
  10. ^Tuvan (Тыва дыл / Tyva dyl)
  11. ^"Proposal to encode Latin letters used in the Former Soviet Union"(PDF). 2011-10-18. Retrieved2017-09-26.
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