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ITU T.61

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ITU-T Recommendation

T.61
Character repertoire and coded character sets for the international teletex service
Status	Withdrawn
Year started	1980
Latest version	(03/93) March 1993
Organization	ITU-T
Committee	Study Group VIII
Related standards	T.51,ASN.1,X.500,X.509
Domain	encoding
License	Freely available
Website	https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-T.61

T.61 is anITU-T Recommendation for aTeletex character set. T.61 predatedUnicode,and was the primary character set inASN.1 used in early versions ofX.500 andX.509for encoding strings containing characters used in Western European languages.^[1] It is also used by older versions ofLDAP.^[2] While T.61 continues to be supported in modern versions ofX.500 andX.509, it has been deprecated in favor ofUnicode. It is also calledCode page 1036,CP1036, orIBM 01036.

While ASN.1 does see wide use and the T.61 character set is used on some standards using ASN.1 (for example inRSA Security'sPKCS #9), the 1988-11 version of the T.61 standard itself was superseded by a never-published 1993-03 version; the 1993-03 version was withdrawn by the ITU-T.^[3] The 1988-11 version is still available.^[3]

T.61 was one of the encodings supported byMozilla software inemail andHTML until 2014, when the supported encodings were limited to those in theWHATWG Encoding Standard (although T.61 remained supported forLDAP).^[4]

Code page layout

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T.61
Alias(es)	Code page 1036 Code page 20261 ISO-IR-103
Standard	ITU T.61
Other related encodings	ETS 300 706 ISO 5426 ISO 6937,ITU T.51 NeXT Multinational PostScript Standard Encoding ITU T.101

The following table maps the T.61 characters to their equivalent Unicode code points.

T.61-8bit^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	A	B	C	D	E	F
0x									BS		LF		FF	CR	LS1	LS0
1x										SS2^[a]	SUB	ESC		SS3^[a]
2x	SP	!	"			%	&	'	(	)	*	+	,	-	.	/
3x	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	:	;	<	=	>	?
4x	@	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O
5x	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	[		]		_
6x		a	b	c	d	e	f	g	h	i	j	k	l	m	n	o
7x	p	q	r	s	t	u	v	w	x	y	z		\|			DEL
8x												PLD	PLU
9x												CSI
Ax	NBSP	¡	¢	£	$	¥	#	§	¤			«
Bx	°	±	²	³	×	µ	¶	·	÷			»	¼	½	¾	¿
Cx		◌̀	◌́	◌̂	◌̃	◌̄	◌̆	◌̇	◌̈	◌̈^[b]	◌̊	◌̧	◌̲	◌̋	◌̨	◌̌
Dx
Ex	Ω	Æ	Ð	ª	Ħ		Ĳ	Ŀ	Ł	Ø	Œ	º	Þ	Ŧ	Ŋ	ŉ
Fx	ĸ	æ	đ	ð	ħ	ı	ĳ	ŀ	ł	ø	œ	ß	þ	ŧ	ŋ

SeeITU T.51 for a description of how the accents at0xC0..CF worked. They prefix the letters, as opposed to postfix used by Unicode.

Footnotes

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^^a ^bTheISO/IEC 2022 C0 control set defined by T.61 (ISO-IR-106) encodes SS2 and SS3 at 0x19 and 0x1D respectively.^[6] It is permitted to use ISO/IEC 2022 sequences for switching control sets (as opposed to graphical sets) withinISO/IEC 10646 (UCS/Unicode) in contexts where processingANSI escape codes is appropriate, provided that each byte in the sequence is padded to the code unit size of the encoding,^[9] in which case SS2 and SS3 would be available at U+0019 and U+001D. However, the more commonISO/IEC 6429 control set, the names of which are listed for reference in the Unicode code chart,^[10] encodes SS2 and SS3 at U+008E and U+008F respectively.
^Noted in the 1988 revision of the specification as having been allocated to the umlaut in the 1980 revision of the specification, but having since been deprecated.^[5] It was initially used to distinguish between umlaut and diaeresis.^[11]

References

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^"T.61 : Character repertoire and coded character sets for the international teletex service".www.itu.int. Retrieved2019-11-14.
^"ldap_8859_to_t61".PHP Manual.The PHP Group.
^^a ^b"Recommendation T.61".ITU-T.
^Sivonen, Henri (2014-09-26)."Character encoding changes in m-c require c-c action".mozilla.dev.apps.thunderbird.
^^a ^bCCITT (1988-11-25).Character repertoire and coded character sets for the international teletex service (1988 ed.). Recommendation T.61.
^^a ^bITU (1985-08-01).Teletex Primary Set of Control Functions(PDF). ITSCJ/IPSJ.ISO-IR-106.
^ITU (1985-08-01).Teletex Supplementary Set of Control Functions(PDF). ITSCJ/IPSJ.ISO-IR-107.
^RFC 1345
^ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 (2017). "12.4: Identification of control function set".Information technology — Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) (5th ed.).ISO. pp. 19–20. ISO/IEC 10646.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^Unicode Consortium (2019)."C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement"(PDF).The Unicode Standard, Version 12.1.
^ITU-T (1994-11-11). "Table C.9/T.101 – The supplementary set of graphic characters (default G2 set)".International interworking for Videotex services. p. 248. T.101:1994. (Difference between the codes is explained in the first note below table. Caveats: Is in second of the segmented PDFs in the download. The table itself is displayed in the PDF with severemojibake (hence why the displayed table does not appear to correspond to the notes), and is supposed to look roughlylike this Archived 2022-03-10 at theWayback Machine.

External links

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ITU-T Recommendation T.61 at ITU-T
ISO-IR-103 (ISO-IR registration of right-hand part)

v t e Character encodings
Early telecommunications	Telegraph code Needle Morse Non-Latin Wabun/Kana Chinese Cyrillic Baudot and Murray Fieldata ASCII ISO/IEC 646 BCDIC Teletex andVideotex/Teletext T.51/ISO/IEC 6937 ITU T.61 ITU T.101 World System Teletext background sets Transcode
ISO/IEC 8859	Approved parts -1 (Western Europe) -2 (Central Europe) -3 (Maltese/Esperanto) -4 (North Europe) -5 (Cyrillic) -6 (Arabic) -7 (Greek) -8 (Hebrew) -9 (Turkish) -10 (Nordic) -11 (Thai) -13 (Baltic) -14 (Celtic) -15 (New Western Europe) -16 (Romanian) Abandoned parts -12 (Devanagari) Proposed but not approved KOI-8 Cyrillic Sámi Adaptations Welsh Estonian Ukrainian Cyrillic
Bibliographic use	MARC-8 ANSEL CCCII/EACC ISO 5426 5426-2 5427 5428 6438 6862
National standards	ArmSCII Big5 BraSCII BSCII CNS 11643 DIN 66003 ELOT 927 GOST 10859 GB 2312 GB 12345 GB 12052 GB 18030 HKSCS ISCII JIS X 0201 JIS X 0208 JIS X 0212 JIS X 0213 KOI-7 KPS 9566 KS X 1001 KS X 1002 LST 1564 LST 1590-4 PASCII Shift JIS SI 960 TIS-620 TSCII VISCII VSCII YUSCII
ISO/IEC 2022	ISO/IEC 8859 ISO/IEC 10367 Extended Unix Code / EUC
Mac OSCode pages ("scripts")	Armenian Arabic Barents Cyrillic Celtic Central European Croatian Cyrillic Devanagari Farsi (Persian) Font X (Kermit) Gaelic Georgian Greek Gujarati Gurmukhi Hebrew Iceland Inuit Keyboard Latin (Kermit) Maltese/Esperanto Ogham Roman Romanian Sámi Turkish Turkic Cyrillic Ukrainian VT100
DOS code pages	437 737 850 858 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 899 904 932 936 942 949 950 951 1040 1043 1046 1098 1115 1116 1117 1118 1127 ABICOMP CS Indic CSX Indic CSX+ Indic CWI-2 Iran System Kamenický Mazovia MIK
IBM AIX code pages	895 896 912 915 921 922 1006 1008 1009 1010 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1046 1133
Windows code pages	CER-GS 932 936 (GBK) 950 Extended Latin-8 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1270 Cyrillic + French Cyrillic + German Polytonic Greek
EBCDIC code pages	Japanese language in EBCDIC DKOI
DEC terminals (VTx)	Multinational (MCS) National Replacement (NRCS) French Canadian Swiss Spanish United Kingdom Dutch Finnish French Norwegian and Danish Swedish Norwegian and Danish (alternative) 8-bit Greek 8-bit Turkish SI 960 Hebrew Special Graphics Technical (TCS)
Platform specific	1052 1053 1054 1055 1058 Acorn RISC OS Amstrad CPC Apple II ATASCII Atari ST BICS Casio calculators CDC Compucolor 8001 Compucolor II CP/M+ DEC RADIX 50 DEC MCS/NRCS DG International Galaksija GEM GSM 03.38 HP Roman HP FOCAL HP RPL SQUOZE LICS LMBCS MSX NEC APC NeXT PETSCII PostScript Standard PostScript Latin 1 SAM Coupé Sega SC-3000 Sharp calculators Sharp MZ Sinclair QL Teletext TI calculators TRS-80 Ventura International WISCII XCCS ZX80 ZX81 ZX Spectrum
Unicode /ISO/IEC 10646	UTF-1 UTF-7 UTF-8 UTF-16 UTF-32 UTF-EBCDIC GB 18030 DIN 91379 BOCU-1 CESU-8 SCSU TACE16 Comparison of Unicode encodings
TeX typesetting system	Cork LY1 OML OMS OT1
Miscellaneous code pages	ABICOMP ASMO 449 Digital encoding of APL symbols ISO-IR-68 ARIB STD-B24 Fieldata HZ IEC-P27-1 INIS 7-bit 8-bit ISO-IR-169 ISO 2033 KOI KOI8-R KOI8-RU KOI8-U Mojikyō SEASCII Stanford/ITS Symbol TRON Unified Hangul Code
Control character	Morse prosigns C0 and C1 control codes ISO/IEC 6429 JIS X 0211 Unicode control, format and separator characters Whitespace characters
Related topics	CCSID Character encodings in HTML Charset detection Han unification Hardware code page MICR code Mojibake Variable-length encoding
Character sets