The following tables present pulmonic and non-pulmonic consonants. In the IPA, apulmonic consonant is a consonant made by obstructing theglottis (the space between the vocal cords) ororal cavity (the mouth) and either simultaneously or subsequently letting out air from the lungs. Pulmonic consonants make up the majority of consonants in the IPA, as well as in human language. All consonants in the English language fall into this category.[2]
In the audio samples below, the consonants are pronounced with[ä] for demonstration.
^International Phonetic Association. (1999).Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
