IC 5146 (alsoCaldwell 19,Sh 2-125,Barnard 168, and theCocoon Nebula) is areflection[2]/emission[3]nebula andCaldwell object in the constellationCygnus. The NGC description refers to IC 5146 as a cluster of 9.5 mag stars involved in a bright and dark nebula. The cluster is also known as Collinder 470.[4] It shines at magnitude +10.0[5]/+9.3[3]/+7.2.[6] Its celestial coordinates are RA21h 53.5m, dec +47° 16′. It is located near thenaked-eye starPi Cygni, the open clusterNGC 7209 inLacerta, and the bright open clusterM39.[2][5] The cluster is about 4,000 ly away, and the central star that lights it formed about 100,000 years ago;[7] the nebula is about 12 arcmins across, which is equivalent to a span of 15 light years.[6]
When viewing IC 5146,dark nebula Barnard 168 (B168) is an inseparable part of the experience, forming a dark lane that surrounds the cluster and projects westward forming the appearance of a trail behind the Cocoon.
IC 5146 is a stellar nursery where star-formation is ongoing. Observations by both theSpitzer Space Telescope and theChandra X-ray Observatory have collectively identified hundreds ofyoung stellar objects.[8][9] Young stars are seen in both the emission nebula, where gas has been ionized by massive young stars, and in the infrared-dark molecular cloud that forms the "tail". One of the most massive stars in the region is BD +46 3474, a star of class B1 that is an estimated 14±4 times themass of the sun.[10]
Another interesting star in the nebula is BD +46 3471, which is an example of aHAeBe star, an intermediate mass star with strong emission lines in its spectrum.[11]
"NED results for object IC 5146".NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. National Aeronautics and Space Administration / Infrared Processing and Analysis Center.
