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Hypoiodous acid

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(Redirected fromHypoiodite)
Hypoiodous acid
  Hydrogen, H
  Oxygen, O
  Iodine, I
Names
IUPAC name
Hypoiodous acid
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
UNII
  • InChI=1S/HIO/c1-2/h2H checkY
    Key: GEOVEUCEIQCBKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
Properties
HOI
Molar mass143.911 g·mol−1
Acidity (pKa)10.5 (in water, estimate)[1]
Conjugate baseHypoiodite
Related compounds
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
Chemical compound

Hypoiodous acid is aninorganic compound with thechemical formulaHIO. It forms when anaqueous solution ofiodine is treated withmercuric orsilversalts. It rapidly decomposes bydisproportionation:[2]

5 HIO → HIO3 + 2 I2 + 2 H2O

Hypoiodous acid is aweak acid with apKa of about 11. Theconjugate base ishypoiodite (IO−). Salts of thisanion can be prepared by treating iodine withalkali hydroxides. They rapidly disproportionate to formiodides andiodates,[2] but an iodine–hydroxide mixture can be used anin situ preparation of hypoiodite for other reactions.[3]

Ammonium hypoiodites can be formed by oxidation of the analogousiodide salts. These and alsosodium hypoiodite are useful asoxidizing agents for a various types oforganic compounds and also for a reaction analogous to thehaloform reaction.[3]

Hypoiodite is one of the active oxidizing agents generated bylactoperoxidase as part of the mammalianinnate immune system.[4][5]

Other oxyacids

[edit]

Hypoiodous acid is part of a series ofoxyacids in which iodine can assumeoxidation states of −1, +1, +3, +5, or +7. A number of neutraliodine oxides are also known.

Iodine oxidation state−1+1+3+5+7
NameHydrogen iodideHypoiodous acidIodous acidIodic acidPeriodic acid
FormulaHIHIOHIO2HIO3HIO4 or H5IO6

References

[edit]
  1. ^Perrin, D. D., ed. (1982) [1969].Ionisation Constants of Inorganic Acids and Bases in Aqueous Solution.IUPAC Chemical Data (2nd ed.). Oxford: Pergamon (published 1984). Entry 119.ISBN 0-08-029214-3.LCCN 82-16524.
  2. ^abHolleman, A.F. (2001). Wiberg, Nils (ed.).Inorganic chemistry (1st English ed.). San Diego, Calif. : Berlin: Academic Press, W. de Gruyter.ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
  3. ^abJohnson, Robert; Fuson, Reynold C. (1935). "The Haloform Reaction. XVI. The Action of Hypoiodite on Hindered Ketones1".Journal of the American Chemical Society.57 (5):919–920.Bibcode:1935JAChS..57..919J.doi:10.1021/ja01308a043.
  4. ^Singh, Prashant K.; Ahmad, Nayeem; Yamini, Shavait; Singh, Rashmi P.; Singh, Amit K.; Sharma, Pradeep; Smith, Michael L.; Sharma, Sujata; Singh, Tej P. (2022)."Structural evidence of the oxidation of iodide ion into hyper-reactive hypoiodite ion by mammalian heme lactoperoxidase".Protein Science.31 (2):384–395.doi:10.1002/pro.4230.PMC 8819834.PMID 34761444.
  5. ^Furtmüller, Paul Georg; Jantschko, Walter; Regelsberger, Günther; Jakopitsch, Christa; Arnhold, Jürgen; Obinger, Christian (2002). "Reaction of Lactoperoxidase Compound I with Halides and Thiocyanate".Biochemistry.41 (39):11895–11900.doi:10.1021/bi026326x.PMID 12269834.
Iodine(−I)
Iodine(I)
Iodine(II)
Iodine(III)
Iodine(IV)
Iodine(V)
Iodine(VII)


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