| Hrubý Jeseník | |
|---|---|
 Mt.Červená hora | |
| Highest point | |
| Peak | Praděd |
| Elevation | 1,491 m (4,892 ft) |
| Dimensions | |
| Area | 530 km2 (200 mi2) |
| Geography | |
 Hrubý Jeseník in the geomorphological system of the Czech Republic | |
| Country | Czech Republic |
| Regions | Olomouc,Moravian-Silesian |
| Range coordinates | 50°5′N17°14′E / 50.083°N 17.233°E /50.083; 17.233 |
| Parent range | Eastern Sudetes |
| Geology | |
| Rock type(s) | Gneiss,amphibolite,granite,slate |
Hrubý Jeseník (sometimes calledHigh Ash Mountains in English;German:Altvatergebirge orHohes Gesenke,Polish:Jesionik Wysoki) is amountain range andgeomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located in the east of the country in theOlomouc andMoravian-Silesian regions. It is the second highest mountain range in theCzech Republic.
According to the most probable theory, the name has its origin in the wordjasan, i.e. 'ash'.Jeseník (respectivelyJesenný potok) was first the name of a stream that flowed through an ash forest in a valley. The name was Germanized toGesenke (i.e. 'slope') and used as a name of a small town that was founded in the valley (but later disappeared), and then it was transferred first to the valley, and then to the whole mountain range. Later the name was changed back to CzechJeseník. Jeseníky (plural form of Jeseník) is a collective term for an area that includes the mountain ranges of Hrubý Jeseník (literally 'rough Jeseník') andNízký Jeseník (i.e. 'low Jeseník').[1]
Hrubý Jeseník is amesoregion of theEastern Sudetes, which is part of theSudetes within theBohemian Massif. It is the second-highest mountain range in theCzech Republic. There are 56 peaks with an altitude of at least 1,000 m, which are spread evenly throughout the territory.[2]
It is bordered with theNízký Jeseník in the southeast, with theZlatohorská Highlands in the northeast, with theGolden Mountains in the northwest, and with theHanušovice Highlands in the southwest.
Hrubý Jeseník is further subdivided into the microregions of Keprník Mountains, Medvědí Mountains and Praděd Mountains.[2]
The highest peaks are:
A distinctive feature of the relief is also Mt. Medvědí vrch, which at 1,216 m (3,990 ft) is the highest mountain of the Medvědí Mountains microregion and is among the mostprominent mountains of Hrubý Jeseník.[3]
The territory has an approximately circular shape. Hrubý Jeseník has an area of 530 square kilometres (200 sq mi) and an average elevation of 887.6 metres (2,912 ft).[4]
Several rivers and streams originate in the mountain range. The most important are theDesná and the sources of theOpava River. The only notable body of water is theDlouhé stráně Reservoir.
Due to the mountainous character of the landscape, there are no larger settlements here. The largest settlement in the territory isVrbno pod Pradědem. The town ofJeseník is located just beyond the borders of the mountain range.
| Climate data for Šerák, 2004–2011 normals, extremes 2004–2011 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.6 (47.5) | 10.3 (50.5) | 13.5 (56.3) | 19.9 (67.8) | 24.1 (75.4) | 28.6 (83.5) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.1 (80.8) | 25.7 (78.3) | 23.2 (73.8) | 15.2 (59.4) | 8.5 (47.3) | 28.6 (83.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.2 (22.6) | −5.2 (22.6) | −2.5 (27.5) | 3.2 (37.8) | 7.0 (44.6) | 10.9 (51.6) | 13.0 (55.4) | 12.6 (54.7) | 8.3 (46.9) | 4.2 (39.6) | 0.2 (32.4) | −3.6 (25.5) | 3.6 (38.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −26.8 (−16.2) | −23.6 (−10.5) | −19.4 (−2.9) | −10.8 (12.6) | −6.3 (20.7) | −1.3 (29.7) | 1.8 (35.2) | 0.0 (32.0) | −2.4 (27.7) | −9.2 (15.4) | −13.1 (8.4) | −20.1 (−4.2) | −26.8 (−16.2) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 86.0 (3.39) | 65.0 (2.56) | 75.0 (2.95) | 71.0 (2.80) | 128.0 (5.04) | 131.0 (5.16) | 133.0 (5.24) | 110.0 (4.33) | 114.0 (4.49) | 77.0 (3.03) | 81.0 (3.19) | 74.0 (2.91) | 1,145 (45.08) |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 51.4 | 54.8 | 104.9 | 164.8 | 173.9 | 170.1 | 198.0 | 190.6 | 142.0 | 111.0 | 57.8 | 43.8 | 1,463.1 |
| Source 1:World Meteorological Organization (UN)[5] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2:NOAA[6] | |||||||||||||
Almost the entire territory of Hrubý Jeseník is protected within theJeseníky Protected Landscape Area. The Jeseníky PLA then extends further to the north into theZlatohorská Highlands and to the south into theHanušovice Highlands. Furthermore,small-scaled protected areas are defined. There are 32 small-scaled protected areas in the Jeseníky PLA. The most important are the national nature reservesPraděd,Šerák-Keprník,Rejvíz and Skřítek (Skřítek and Rejvíz extend only marginally into Hrubý Jeseník), and the Javorový vrch National Nature Monument.[7]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
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