| House of Bourbon-Anjou | |
|---|---|
 Arms of the House of Bourbon-Anjou | |
 Arms of the House of Bourbon-Anjou askings of Spain | |
| Parent house | Bourbon |
| Country | Spain |
| Founded | 16 November 1700; 325 years ago (1700-11-16) |
| Founder | Felipe V |
| Current head | Felipe VI |
| Members | Spanish royal family |
TheHouse of Bourbon-Anjou,[1][2][3][4][5] generally known as theHouse of Bourbon (Spanish:Casa de Borbón), is thereigning house of theKingdom of Spain. It is the Spanish branch of theFrench-NavarreseHouse of Bourbon. The house was founded on 16 November 1700, whenFelipe, Duke of Anjou, great-nephew ofCarlos II, formally accepted the Crown.
This royal family has reigned in Spain from 1700 to the present, with interruptions during theFrench invasion (1808–1813),Sexenio Democrático (1868–1874),Second Republic (1931–1939) anddictatorship of Francisco Franco (1939–1975). There have been eleven Spanish monarchs of the House of Bourbon-Anjou; the first was Felipe V and the current one,Felipe VI.
| Portrait | Name | Reign | Birth | Death | Consort | Claim |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Felipe V | 16 November 1700 – 14 January 1724 (23 years, 59 days) | 19 December 1683 Versailles | 9 July 1746 Madrid (62 years, 202 days) | (1)Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy (2)Elisabeth Farnese | Great-nephew ofCarlos II |
| 6 September 1724 – 9 July 1746 (21 years, 306 days) | Father ofLuis I | |||||
 | Luis I | 14 January 1724 – 31 August 1724 (230 days) | 25 August 1707 Madrid | 31 August 1724 Madrid (17 years, 6 days) | Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans | Son of Felipe V and Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy |
_(cropped).jpg) | Fernando VI | 9 July 1746 – 10 August 1759 (13 years, 32 days) | 23 September 1713 Madrid | 10 August 1759 Villaviciosa de Odón (45 years, 321 days) | Barbara of Portugal | Son of Felipe V and Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy |
.jpg) | Carlos III | 10 August 1759 – 14 December 1788 (29 years, 126 days) | 20 January 1716 Madrid | 14 December 1788 Madrid (72 years, 329 days) | Maria Amalia of Saxony | Son of Felipe V and Elisabeth Farnese |
 | Carlos IV | 14 December 1788 – 19 March 1808 (19 years, 96 days) | 11 November 1748 Portici | 19 January 1819 Nápoles (70 years, 69 days) | Maria Luisa of Parma | Son of Carlos III and Maria Amalia of Saxony |
 | Fernando VII | 19 March 1808 – 6 May 1808 (48 days) | 14 October 1784 San Lorenzo de El Escorial | 29 September 1833 Madrid (48 years, 350 days) | (1)Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily (2)Maria Isabel of Braganza (3)Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony (4)Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies | Son of Carlos IV and Maria Luisa of Parma |
| 11 August 1808 / 11 December 1813 – 29 September 1833 (25 years, 49 days) / (19 years, 292 days) | ||||||
 | Isabel II | 29 September 1833 – 30 September 1868 (35 years, 1 day) | 10 October 1830 Madrid | 9 April 1904 París (73 years, 182 days) | Francisco de Asís de Borbón | Daughter of Ferdinand VII and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies |
 | Alfonso XII | 29 December 1874 – 25 November 1885 (10 years, 331 days) | 28 November 1857 Madrid | 25 November 1885 París (27 years, 362 days) | (1)Mercedes of Orléans (2)Maria Christina of Austria | Son of Isabella II and Francisco de Asís de Borbón |
.jpg) | Alfonso XIII | 17 May 1886 – 14 April 1931 (44 years, 332 days) | 17 May 1886 Madrid | 28 February 1941 Roma (54 years, 287 days) | Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg | Son of Alfonso XII and Maria Christina of Austria |
.jpg) | Juan Carlos I | 22 November 1975 – 19 June 2014 (38 years, 209 days) | 5 January 1938 Roma | Living (87 years, 326 days) | Sofía of Greece and Denmark | Grandson of Alfonso XIII and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg |
_-_edit.jpg) | Felipe VI | 19 June 2014 – present (11 years, 161 days) | 30 January 1968 Madrid | Living (57 years, 301 days) | Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano | Son of Juan Carlos I and Sofía of Greece and Denmark |
During the reign ofAmadeo I, both the colours and the heraldry were respected, although the shield with the royal arms of the Bourbon-Anjou dynasty was changed to those of Savoy.
But the truly significant change in the composition of the coat of arms was the inclusion, in the center of the shield, of a small shield on which the three fleurs-de-lis that symbolized the Bourbon-Anjou dynasty were represented on a blue background.
Upon the return of Ferdinand VII, the Desired or the Traitor, depending on who calls him, the coat of arms returned to its origins and the escutcheon returned to that of Bourbon-Anjou.
Enfin, à titre de comparaison, observons la chronologie des trois autres états entièrement ou partiellement occitans sur la même période : Pour l'Espagne, c'est une monarchie absolue, puis constitutionnelle (1833) en discontinue, avec huitrois et reines de la Maison Bourbon-Anjou, de Charles IV à (1788) à Felipe VI (2014).[...]
Les guerres de succession en Espagne et l'accession au trône de la maison Bourbon-Anjou vont avoir des répercussions sur la politique extérieure de l'Empire espagnol. [...]