Hornburg | |
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 Coat of arms | |
Location of Hornburg  | |
  Hornburg  Hornburg | |
| Coordinates:52°01′N10°37′E / 52.017°N 10.617°E /52.017; 10.617 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Lower Saxony |
| District | Wolfenbüttel |
| Municipality | Schladen-Werla |
| Area | |
• Total | 22 km2 (8 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 145 m (476 ft) |
| Population (2012-12-31) | |
• Total | 2,413 |
| • Density | 110/km2 (280/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 38315 |
| Dialling codes | 05334 |
| Vehicle registration | WF |
Hornburg is atown and a former municipality in theWolfenbüttel district, in theGerman state ofLower Saxony. Since 1 November 2013, it is a part of the municipalitySchladen-Werla. It is situated on the Ilse river, a tributary of theOker. Hornburg is part of theSamtgemeinde ('collective municipality')Schladen and home to numerous historically valuable half-timber buildings (Fachwerkhäuser). It is located on theGerman Timber-Frame Road.
Hornburg Castle was first mentioned in a 994 deed as a property of theBishopric of Halberstadt. In 1005, it was the birthplace ofPope Clement II. The fortress located on a limestone plateau served to control the northern border of the bishopric and the trade routes fromHalberstadt toBraunschweig andHildesheim. It was devastated byHenry the Lion in 1179, during his conflict with the bishop, an ally ofEmperor Frederick I Barbarossa, who had the castle rebuilt.
In 1528, the attached settlement was denoted as a town by the Halberstadt bishops. It receivedmarket rights in 1552. At the same time, Hornburg, thriving from the cultivation ofhumulus (hop) for beer brewing, was surrounded by a town wall including five gates. The ensemble of about 400Renaissance timber-framed houses arose after a blaze in 1512 had devastated nearly all of Hornburg's buildings. The reconstruction of the town with elaborately carvedFachwerk houses was modeled after the townscape of Halberstadt. With the bishopric Hornburg turnedProtestant in 1540. The parish churchBeatae Mariae Virginis is considered one of the firstLutheranhall churches in the region. During theThirty Years' War Hornburg was occupied by the Imperial field marshalJohann Tserclaes von Tilly in 1626, but conquered bySwedish troops in 1630. In 1645, the Swedish militaryHans Christoff von Königsmarck finally had the castle destroyed. The current building is a reconstruction on a private initiative or Georg Lüdecke in 1927, based on an engraving byMerian from around 1650 with plans byBodo Ebhardt.
With thesecularization of the Halberstadt bishopric in 1648, Hornburg fell to the electors ofBrandenburg and after the 1815Congress of Vienna it became part of thePrussianprovince of Saxony. Hornburg stayed a Prussian town until 1941, when it was attached to theFree State of Brunswick in the course of the establishment of the City ofSalzgitter. Therefore, at the end ofWorld War II Hornburg found itself inBritish occupation zone and later became aWest German town.
Osterwieck, Germany| International | |
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