Ahoop skirt orhoopskirt is a women'sundergarment worn in various periods to hold theskirt extended into a fashionable shape.
It originated as a modest-sized mechanism for holding long skirts away from one's legs, to stay cooler in hot climates and to keep from tripping on the skirt during various activities. Small hoops might be worn by farmers and while working in the garden. Hoops were then adopted as a fashion item, and the size and scale of the hoops grew in grandeur, especially during the mid-nineteenth century transition from the 1850s to the 1860s.[1] As the society ofconsumerism evolved, the roles of men and women changed and so did their dress.In the mid-19th century, the fashionable silhouette was a small waist with large, dome-shaped skirts.[2] More and more petticoats were added to make the skirts appear even larger. When the circularcrinoline came out in 1856, it was a revelation not only of technology but of convenience for women.[1] The crinoline supported the weight of the numerous skirts and allowed the woman to wear fewer petticoats while still achieving the desired silhouette.[2] The invention of the sewing machine allowed crinolines to be mass-produced at a lower cost, thus making the crinoline available for all classes.[3]
The mania for large bell-shaped skirts phased out through the mid-1860s and slowly shifted to emphasize volume in the posterior. The crinolette came into fashion, which was basically a narrow crinoline with a flat front and cage hoops in the back.[3]
By the 1870s, the cage of the crinolette became a cage only at the rear of the woman's undergarments.[1] This is known today as abustle.
Hoop skirts typically consist of a fabricpetticoat sewn with channels designed to act as casings for stiffening materials, such asrope,osiers,whalebone,steel, or, from the mid-20th century,nylon.[4][5] The crinoline of the mid-19th century was constructed from collapsible steel hoops. This allowed for easy storage and increased agility for the wearer.[3]
Hoop skirts were first introduced to the United States by David Hough, Jr. in 1846.[2]
Hoop skirts are called by various names in different periods:
Lightweight hoop skirts, usually with nylon hoops, are worn today under very full-skirtedwedding gowns. They can sometimes be seen in thegothic fashion scene. Reproduction hoop skirts are an essential part ofliving history costuming, especiallyAmerican Civil War reenactment.
