 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Hong Xuezhi" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
 | You can helpexpand this article with text translated fromthe corresponding article in Chinese. (March 2023)Click [show] for important translation instructions.
|
Hong Xuezhi | |
|---|---|
 Xuezhi in 1955 | |
| Native name | 洪学智 |
| Nicknames | "The 6-starcolonel general" (liù xīng shàng jiàng, 六星上将) |
| Born | (1913-02-02)February 2, 1913 |
| Died | November 20, 2006(2006-11-20) (aged 93) |
| Allegiance |  People's Republic of China |
| Rank | General |
| Conflicts | Chinese Civil War Second Sino-Japanese War Korean War |
| Awards | Order of Bayi (First Class) Order of Independence and Freedom (First Class) Order of Liberation (First Class) Order of the National Flag, 1st class Order of Freedom and Independence, 1st class (twice) |
| Other work | Vice Chairperson of the Seventh and Eighth Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (1990-1998) |
Hong Xuezhi (Chinese:洪学智; February 2, 1913 – November 20, 2006) was a Chinese general and politician. He was the only person awarded the rank of general (shangjiang) in 1955 who was also rewarded the same rank in 1988 as an active PLA officer, when the PLA readopted a rank system.[1]
Hong was born inJinzhai county,Anhui. In 1929 Hong joined theChinese Communist Party. He survived and gained promotions duringChiang Kai-shek'sEncirclement Campaigns during the earlyChinese Civil War. In 1935, Hong joined theLong March with the New Fourth Army. During theSecond Sino-Japanese War, Huang joined theHundred Regiments Offensive.
During theKorean War, Hong was the deputy commander and director of logistics of thePeople's Volunteer Army. He participated in the armistice negotiations that ended the Korean War in 1953. In 1955, he was promoted to the rank of Colonel General (Shang Jiang). Hong was removed from his position in 1959 for his connections with marshal Peng Dehuai, who was dismissed from office for criticizingMao Zedong’s economic policies during theGreat Leap Forward. He was rehabilitated in the early 1960s and made director of heavy industry ofJilin province, but was persecuted byRed Guards during the Cultural Revolution. He was then made director of Jilin's oil industry in 1974.
After theDeng Xiaoping came to power in the late 1970s, Hong was fully rehabilitated. He joined theCentral Military Commission and became the vice chairman of the 7th and 8thChinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committees. In 1988 when ranks were readopted by the PLA, Hong became the only 1955 Shang Jiang to be reawarded the same rank. Thus, he earned the nickname of Six-Star General. In 1989, Hong retired from the position of the deputy secretary-general of theCentral Military Commission.
Hong married Zhang Wen. They had three sons and five daughters, including Hong Hu, the Governor of theJilin between 1999 and 2004.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
