Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link Hong Kong section 廣深港高速鐵路香港段
Overview
Owner	Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation (Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region)
Locale	Kowloon and New Territories, Hong Kong
Stations	1
Color on map	(#BBB0A3)
Website	Official website
Service
Type	higher-speed rail
Operator(s)	MTR Corporation
History
Opened	23 September 2018
Technical
Line length	26 km (16 mi)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)standard gauge
Electrification	25 kV 50 Hz AC (Overhead lines)
Operating speed	200 km/h (120 mph)
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	廣深港高速鐵路香港段
Simplified Chinese	广深港高速铁路香港段
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Guǎng–Shēn–Gǎng gāosù tiělù Xiānggǎng duàn Yue: Cantonese Jyutping gwong2–sam1–gong2 gou1cuk1 tit3lou6 hoeng1gong2 dyun6
Route map Legend km Chengdu–Guangzhou HSR Wuhan–Guangzhou HSR Nanning–Guangzhou HSR 0 Guangzhou South Guangzhou–Zhuhai ICR Guangzhou Motor Depot Shawan Shuidao 31 Qingsheng Shiziyang Tunnel underPearl River 50 Humen 86 Guangmingcheng Gaofeng Reservoir Shenzhen EMU Depot Shenzhan HSR (under construction) 102 Shenzhen North Xiamen–Shenzhen HSR 110 Futian Sham Chun River Guangdong Province Hong Kong Shek Kong sidings 142 West Kowloon km Only transfers with rapid transit systems are marked in this diagram This diagram: view talk edit

The Hong Kong section of theGuangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link (sometimes abbreviated "XRL HK section") is a 26 km (16 mi) long stretch ofhigh-speed rail that runs along a dedicated underground rail corridor^[1] linkingHong Kong tomainland China. It is one of the most expensive infrastructure undertakings in Hong Kong's history. The line connectsKowloon with thehigh-speed rail network of China atFutian station in the technology hub ofShenzhen, then running north towardsGuangzhou. As of August 2024 the line has an average ridership of 88,800 passengers a day.^[2]

The railway is the first high-speed rail link betweenmainland China and Hong Kong; it roughly halved travel time between Hong Kong and Guangzhou and connected Hong Kong to most major mainland Chinese cities via the country's extensive high-speed railway network. Construction began in 2011 and was hampered by construction delays and political controversy. It opened for commercial service on 23 September 2018.^[3]

Unlike the rest of Hong Kong, the passenger compartments of trains operating on the Hong Kong Express Rail Link are legally defined as part of theMainland Port Area and subject to the laws of mainland China.^[4][5][6]

In April 2007, the Executive Council assigned the task of planning and design of the fully underground Hong Kong section of the Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link (XRL) to theMTR Corporation Limited (MTRCL). Government projections indicate that the XRL will carry about 100,000 passengers daily in 2020 and 120,000 passengers in 2030, generating an economic benefit of HK$83 billion over the next 50 years in terms of travelling time saved. Construction costs were estimated at HK$39.5 billion (US$5 billion), giving an economicinternal rate of return of about 9%.^[7] The government stated the objectives were to "reinforce Hong Kong's position as the transport hub in southern China and integrate Hong Kong into Mainland China's rapidly growing express rail network", and promoting cultural tourism. It also argued that shortening the travelling time between Hong Kong and Guangzhou to just under 50 minutes—half the current journey time— would save "HK$83 billion over the next 50 years in terms of travelling time", and the creation of 5,000 jobs during construction, and 10,000 operational jobs.^[7]

The construction cost in Hong Kong was covered by the Hong Kong taxpayer.^[7][8]

Hoping to be able to start construction of the Hong Kong section of the Express Rail Link (XRL) project before the end of 2009, theExecutive Council approved the implementation on 20 October, paving the way for funding approval from the Finance Committee of the Legislative Council.^[9]

Appropriations for the project secured approval of theHong Kong Legislative Council on 16 January 2010.^[10]

The XRL HK Section only serves theWest Kowloon Terminus. Trains run toGuangzhou South Station in the Shibi Township of thePanyu District in southern Guangzhou through three intermediate stations, namely,Futian,Shenzhen North andHumen.^[11][12] The expected travel time between Guangzhou South and West Kowloon stations was estimated to be 1 hour and 18 minutes based on the first trial run,^[13] up from the previously announced 47 minutes with a total distance of 142 kilometers.

Shenzhen North station was opened on 22 June 2011 and the service was extended to Futian station on 30 December 2015.

Trains departing from Hong Kong may have destinations beyond Guangzhou, through theWuguang High-Speed Railway and theShiwu High-Speed Railway, or via Shenzhen North toHangzhou and Shanghai through theXiashen Railway and the Huhangyong Railway.

The total distance of the Hong Kong section was planned to be 26 kilometres, most of which through tunnels.^[9] The dedicated track will enable a top speed of 200 km/h;^[9] the expected travel time from Kowloon to Shenzhen's Futian station is 14 minutes.[1]

Service between Guangzhou South and Shenzhen North stations started on 26 December 2011.^[14] The extension to Futian station, originally scheduled for 2012, was delayed until on 30 December 2015 for Futian and the 3rd quarter of 2018 during the planning process forWest Kowloon Terminus.

From January 2020, the line was closed owing to theCOVID-19 pandemic and the border restrictions between Hong Kong and mainland China. The line did not reopen until January 2023.^[15] From June 2024, the line will be used by long-distance high-speed sleeper trains to Beijing and Shanghai.^[16]

In 2024, it was announced that theGuangzhou–Kowloon through trains operated by MTR andChina Railway Guangzhou Group had been discontinued, with theGeneral Administration of Customs stating thathigh-speed passenger trains have effectively met the travel needs of passengers between the mainland and Hong Kong.^[17] These intercity services had been suspended from early 2020 owing to theCOVID-19 pandemic.

The completion of the XRL HK section had been delayed on multiple occasions and continuously ran over budget, attracting criticisms from many Hong Kong protestors.^[18] Being part of the Chinese Rail Link network, with the start of commercial operations in the Hong Kong section, the Chinese authorities have created checkpoints both on the trains to Hong Kong and at theHong Kong West Kowloon railway station, in a "Mainland Port Area" where Chinese criminal laws can be legally enforced for the first time in Hong Kong territory, as part of the bill passed in June 2018, which was criticized as an erosion of theone country, two systems principle.^[19][20]

On 29 November 2009, a demonstration of more than 1,000 people protesting against the construction of the Express Rail link gained the attention of the local media when a group of 100 people engaged in a sit-in protest in front of thegovernment headquarters in Central.^[21] On 18 December 2009, when the funding application was debated in the Finance Committee of the Legislative Council, a demonstration of an estimated 1,000 to 2,000 people was staged around theLegislative Council Building. The debate did not end at the time when the meeting was scheduled to be ended, and the funding application was not yet voted on.^[22] A major protest followed in January 2010.

• Guangzhou–Kowloon through train
• East Rail line
• Kowloon–Canton Railway

• MTR High Speed Rail
• MTR Express Rail Link project details / construction

• High-speed railway lines
• Railway tunnels in Hong Kong
• Standard-gauge railways in Hong Kong
• High-speed rail in China

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