At a global level, men represent both the majority of victims and the majority of perpetrators of homicide. According to the 2023UNODC Global Study on Homicide, in 2021, at a global level, 81% of homicide victims were men.[1] In 2021, males accounted for most homicide victims in all jurisdictions except inAustria, theCzech Republic,Iceland,Latvia,Norway,Slovenia andSwitzerland, where females were slightly more likely to be homicide victims.[2] The global homicide rate was 9,3 per 100,000 males and 2,2 per 100,000 females; and 90% of homicide suspects brought into formal contact with the police were men.[3] According to the most recent data fromWorld Bank Group, the highest rate per 100,000 inhabitants for female homicide victims is inCentral African Republic,Antigua and Barbuda andJamaica,[4] and the highest rate per 100,000 inhabitants for male homicide victims is inUS Virgin Islands,Jamaica andVenezuela.[5] In 2020, the average percentage of women as homicide victims amongEuropean Union countries was 37%, with Latvia having the largest percentage of women homicide victims at 60%.[6]
The below table shows the reported annual homicide rate by sex per 100,000 inhabitants according toUnited Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).[7]
| Country | Male victims per 100,000 | Female victims per 100,000 | Male–Female Ratio | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Albania | 1.94 | 0.84 | 2.3 | 2023 |
 Algeria | 1.83 | 0.46 | 3.94 | 2023 |
 Antigua and Barbuda | 20.27 | 2.04 | 9.91 | 2023 |
 Argentina | 7.45 | 1.58 | 4.72 | 2023 |
 Armenia | 3.95 | 0.7 | 5.67 | 2023 |
 Australia | 1.16 | 0.53 | 2.17 | 2023 |
 Austria | 0.78 | 0.97 | 0.8 | 2023 |
 Azerbaijan | 2.97 | 1.39 | 2.14 | 2023 |
 Bahamas | 62.03 | 4.82 | 12.86 | 2022 |
 Bahrain | 0.11 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 2022 |
 Barbados | 14.77 | 0.68 | 21.71 | 2023 |
 Belarus | 3.14 | 1.73 | 1.82 | 2019 |
 Belgium | 2.0 | 0.19 | 10.65 | 2021 |
 Belize | 51.25 | 4.5 | 11.38 | 2022 |
 Bhutan | 3.39 | 1.4 | 2.42 | 2020 |
 Bolivia | 5.85 | 2.54 | 2.31 | 2023 |
 Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1.72 | 0.78 | 2.21 | 2023 |
 Brazil | 34.66 | 3.92 | 8.85 | 2023 |
 British Virgin Islands | 8.21 | 8.12 | 1.01 | 2006 |
 Brunei Darussalam | 1.14 | 1.33 | 0.85 | 2013 |
 Bulgaria | 1.31 | 0.88 | 1.48 | 2023 |
 Burundi | 9.18 | 2.17 | 4.23 | 2016 |
 Cabo Verde | 10.31 | 3.56 | 2.9 | 2020 |
 Cameroon | 6.9 | 2.29 | 3.01 | 2022 |
 Canada | 2.89 | 1.04 | 2.79 | 2023 |
 Chile | 11.36 | 1.4 | 8.14 | 2023 |
 Saint Kitts and Nevis | 124.96 | 8.21 | 15.21 | 2023 |
 Macau | 0.61 | 0.52 | 1.17 | 2023 |
 Colombia | 46.95 | 3.44 | 13.64 | 2023 |
 Costa Rica | 33.09 | 2.75 | 12.04 | 2023 |
 Croatia | 0.9 | 0.45 | 2.03 | 2023 |
 Cuba | 7.12 | 1.86 | 3.84 | 2019 |
 Curaçao | 32.62 | 3.61 | 9.04 | 2007 |
 Cyprus | 1.48 | 0.15 | 9.85 | 2023 |
 Czech Republic | 0.71 | 0.82 | 0.87 | 2023 |
 Denmark | 1.12 | 0.57 | 1.96 | 2023 |
 Dominica | 45.05 | 9.03 | 4.99 | 2023 |
 Tajikistan | 1.61 | 0.2 | 8.02 | 2020 |
 Dominican Republic | 19.58 | 2.35 | 8.32 | 2023 |
 Ecuador | 84.51 | 6.66 | 12.7 | 2023 |
 Egypt | 4.13 | 0.54 | 7.67 | 2021 |
 Ukraine | 10.82 | 1.9 | 5.69 | 2021 |
 El Salvador | 14.25 | 2.15 | 6.61 | 2022 |
 Estonia | 2.31 | 0.84 | 2.76 | 2023 |
 Fiji | 1.53 | 2.36 | 0.65 | 2023 |
 Finland | 1.16 | 0.81 | 1.42 | 2023 |
 France | 1.94 | 0.76 | 2.55 | 2023 |
| French Guiana | 21.44 | 4.69 | 4.57 | 2020 |
 Georgia | 3.96 | 1.18 | 3.35 | 2020 |
 Germany | 0.95 | 0.87 | 1.09 | 2023 |
 Ghana | 2.69 | 0.97 | 2.77 | 2022 |
 Greece | 1.37 | 0.34 | 4.02 | 2023 |
 Grenada | 25.53 | 1.71 | 14.89 | 2023 |
| Guadeloupe | 16.04 | 2.47 | 6.48 | 2016 |
 Guatemala | 40.24 | 6.76 | 5.95 | 2023 |
 Guyana | 27.08 | 11.56 | 2.34 | 2023 |
 Honduras | 54.78 | 7.66 | 7.15 | 2023 |
 Hungary | 0.84 | 0.62 | 1.36 | 2023 |
 Iceland | 2.02 | 0.53 | 3.81 | 2023 |
 India | 3.23 | 2.37 | 1.36 | 2022 |
 Indonesia | 0.42 | 0.15 | 2.79 | 2022 |
 Iran | 4.12 | 0.56 | 7.34 | 2014 |
 Iraq | 15.89 | 3.06 | 5.19 | 2013 |
| Iraq (Central) | 29.13 | 1.35 | 21.63 | 2021 |
 Ireland | 0.89 | 0.42 | 2.13 | 2023 |
 Israel | 2.78 | 0.48 | 5.79 | 2022 |
 Italy | 0.76 | 0.39 | 1.95 | 2023 |
 Jamaica | 91.55 | 8.22 | 11.13 | 2023 |
 Japan | 0.23 | 0.23 | 1.03 | 2023 |
 Jordan | 1.24 | 0.72 | 1.71 | 2023 |
 Kazakhstan | 3.75 | 1.41 | 2.66 | 2022 |
 Kenya | 7.11 | 2.66 | 2.67 | 2022 |
 Kosovo | 3.5 | 0.34 | 10.33 | 2021 |
 Kuwait | 1.08 | 1.05 | 1.03 | 2020 |
 Latvia | 2.06 | 2.87 | 0.72 | 2023 |
 Lebanon | 5.6 | 0.99 | 5.66 | 2020 |
 Liechtenstein | 5.16 | 5.08 | 1.01 | 2021 |
 Hong Kong | 0.45 | 0.32 | 1.41 | 2023 |
 Lithuania | 3.57 | 1.79 | 1.99 | 2023 |
 Luxembourg | 1.52 | 1.54 | 0.99 | 2022 |
 Malta | 0.36 | 0.78 | 0.46 | 2023 |
 Martinique | 4.31 | 1.4 | 3.08 | 2009 |
 Mauritius | 2.97 | 1.57 | 1.89 | 2022 |
 Qatar | 0.0 | 0.98 | 0.0 | 2022 |
 Mexico | 44.88 | 5.6 | 8.02 | 2023 |
 Micronesia | 0.0 | 1.81 | 0.0 | 2019 |
 Mongolia | 10.05 | 1.8 | 5.57 | 2023 |
 Montenegro | 1.31 | 0.3 | 4.31 | 2023 |
 Montserrat | 0.0 | 43.14 | 0.0 | 2018 |
 Morocco | 2.9 | 0.49 | 5.88 | 2023 |
 Myanmar | 4.25 | 0.91 | 4.66 | 2023 |
 Namibia | 16.48 | 6.18 | 2.66 | 2021 |
 Netherlands | 0.93 | 0.45 | 2.08 | 2023 |
 New Zealand | 1.81 | 1.12 | 1.61 | 2022 |
 Nicaragua | 19.78 | 3.2 | 6.19 | 2021 |
 United Arab Emirates | 0.91 | 0.3 | 3.05 | 2022 |
 Nigeria | 24.4 | 6.53 | 3.74 | 2023 |
 North Macedonia | 2.13 | 0.96 | 2.23 | 2023 |
 Norway | 0.79 | 0.66 | 1.2 | 2023 |
 Oman | 0.16 | 0.1 | 1.53 | 2023 |
 Spain | 0.94 | 0.46 | 2.05 | 2023 |
 Panama | 21.71 | 1.7 | 12.73 | 2023 |
 Paraguay | 11.45 | 2.08 | 5.5 | 2023 |
 Peru | 13.13 | 3.99 | 3.29 | 2021 |
 Philippines | 7.54 | 1.17 | 6.44 | 2023 |
 Poland | 1.0 | 0.61 | 1.63 | 2023 |
 Portugal | 1.03 | 0.44 | 2.34 | 2022 |
 South Korea | 0.49 | 0.46 | 1.06 | 2023 |
 Moldova | 4.04 | 1.27 | 3.18 | 2023 |
 Romania | 1.72 | 0.54 | 3.19 | 2023 |
 Russia | 9.87 | 2.78 | 3.55 | 2023 |
| Réunion | 2.29 | 1.33 | 1.72 | 2009 |
 Saint Lucia | 68.85 | 9.92 | 6.94 | 2023 |
 St. Vincent and Grenadines | 92.91 | 8.06 | 11.53 | 2023 |
 England and Wales | 1.69 | 0.62 | 2.71 | 2021 |
 Serbia | 2.05 | 0.65 | 3.17 | 2023 |
 Seychelles | 24.17 | 5.06 | 4.77 | 2022 |
 Singapore | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.93 | 2023 |
 Slovakia | 1.19 | 0.74 | 1.6 | 2023 |
 Slovenia | 0.85 | 0.28 | 2.97 | 2023 |
 Puerto Rico | 27.69 | 2.39 | 11.58 | 2023 |
 South Africa | 73.37 | 12.2 | 6.01 | 2022 |
 Sri Lanka | 4.54 | 2.15 | 2.11 | 2019 |
 Palestine | 2.54 | 0.26 | 9.68 | 2022 |
 Suriname | 10.82 | 2.23 | 4.86 | 2023 |
 Sweden | 1.66 | 0.63 | 2.63 | 2023 |
 Samoa | 11.43 | 0.97 | 11.73 | 2018 |
 Switzerland | 0.57 | 0.63 | 0.91 | 2023 |
 Northern Ireland | 0.85 | 0.21 | 4.12 | 2023 |
 Thailand | 6.5 | 1.13 | 5.74 | 2014 |
 Tonga | 3.91 | 1.84 | 2.12 | 2020 |
 Trinidad and Tobago | 47.12 | 7.21 | 6.53 | 2022 |
 Tunisia | 7.53 | 1.9 | 3.96 | 2020 |
 Turkmenistan | 1.64 | 0.41 | 4.01 | 2015 |
 Turkey | 4.78 | 1.68 | 2.85 | 2023 |
 Uganda | 15.04 | 3.0 | 5.01 | 2023 |
 Scotland | 1.65 | 0.46 | 3.58 | 2023 |
 Tanzania | 5.81 | 1.73 | 3.37 | 2020 |
 United States Virgin Islands | 100.12 | 3.68 | 27.21 | 2012 |
 United States of America | 8.94 | 2.55 | 3.51 | 2023 |
 Uruguay | 19.78 | 3.21 | 6.16 | 2023 |
 Haiti | 74.22 | 8.73 | 8.5 | 2023 |
 Uzbekistan | 1.74 | 1.05 | 1.65 | 2021 |
 Vanuatu | 0.0 | 0.68 | 0.0 | 2020 |
 Venezuela | 90.07 | 5.12 | 17.6 | 2022 |