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Thehistory of theJews inNorthern Cyprus is related to thehistory of the Jews in Cyprus,history of the Jews in Turkey, and thehistory of the Jews in Greece.
Currently 99% of Northern Cyprus populations are fromIslamic religion and 0.5% areOrthodox Christians. The other 0.5% comprise smallerChristian groups and other religions, includingJudaism.[1]
Northern Cyprus (Turkish:Kuzey Kıbrıs), officially theTurkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC;Turkish:Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti), is ade facto state that comprises the northeastern portion of theisland of Cyprus.Recognised only byTurkey, Northern Cyprus is considered by the international community to be part of theRepublic of Cyprus. Northern Cyprus extends fromthe tip of theKarpass Peninsula in the northeast toMorphou Bay,Cape Kormakitis and its westernmost point, theKokkinaexclave in the west. Its southernmost point is the village ofLouroujina. Abuffer zone under the control of theUnited Nations stretches between Northern Cyprus and the rest of the island and dividesNicosia, the island's largest city and capital of both sides.
Acoup d'état in 1974, as part of an attempt to annex the island toGreece, prompted theTurkish invasion of Cyprus. This resulted in the eviction of much of the north'sGreek Cypriot population, the flight ofTurkish Cypriots from the south, and the partitioning of the island, leading to a unilateral declaration of independence by the north in 1983. Due to its lack of recognition, Northern Cyprus is heavily dependent on Turkey for economic, political and military support.[2][3][4]
Attempts to reach a solution to theCyprus dispute have been unsuccessful. TheTurkish Army maintains alarge force in Northern Cyprus. While its presence is supported and approved by the TRNC government, the Republic of Cyprus, the European Union as a whole, and the international community regard it as an occupation force, and its presence has been denounced in severalUnited Nations Security Council resolutions. Northern Cyprus is asemi-presidential, democratic republic with acultural heritage incorporating various influences and aneconomy that is dominated by the services sector. The economy has seen growth through the 2000s and 2010s, with theGNP per capita more than tripling in the 2000s, but is held back by aninternational embargo due to the official closure of the ports in Northern Cyprus by the Republic of Cyprus. The official language isTurkish, with adistinct local dialect being spoken. The vast majority of the population consists ofSunni Muslims, while religious attitudes are mostly moderate and secular.[5] Northern Cyprus is an observer of theOIC andECO, and has observer status in thePACE under the title "Turkish Cypriot Community".
The history of the Jews inCyprus dates back at least to the 2nd century BCE, when a considerable community of Jews on the island is first attested.[6] The Jews had close relationships with many of the other religious groups on the island and were seen favourably by the Romans. During the war over the city of Ptolemais betweenAlexander Jannaeus andPtolemy IX Lathyros, King of Cyprus, many Jews were killed. During the war the Jewish citizens remained committed in their allegiance to King Lathyros.
The history of the Jews inTurkey (Turkish:Türkiye Yahudileri,Turkish Jews;Hebrew:יהודים טורקיםYehudim Turkim,Ladino:Djudios Turkos) covers the 2400 years that Jews have lived in what is now Turkey. There have beenJewish communities in Anatolia since at least the fifth century BCE and manySpanish and Portuguese Jews expelled from Spain by theAlhambra Decree were welcomed into theOttoman Empire in the late 15th century, including regions now part of Turkey, centuries later, forming the bulk of theOttoman Jews. Today, the vast majority ofTurkish Jews live in Israel, while modern-day Turkey continues to host a modest Jewish population.
The history of the Jews inGreece can be traced back to at least the fourth century BCE. The oldest and the most characteristic Jewish group that has inhabited Greece are theRomaniotes, also known as "Greek Jews". The term "Greek Jew" is predominantly used for any person of Jewish descent or faith that lives in or originates from the modern region of Greece.
Asynagogue andChabad House was established inKyrenia in 2005 with the arrival of Rabbi Chaim Hilel Azimow, a member of theAlliance of Rabbis in Islamic States. The synagogue serves the local Jews of Northern cyprus as well as tourists.
The Turkish Cypriots are heavily dependent on transfers from the Turkish Government. Ankara directly finances about one-third of the Turkish Cypriot "administration's" budget.
For example, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, located in the northern portion of the island of Cyprus, came about through ... from only one state — Turkey, upon which it is entirely dependent for economic, political and military support.
Economic embargoes have been imposed on the TRNC, making northern Cyprus almost completely dependent on Turkey.
The tradition for Turkish Cypriots is one of secularism, not of mosque attendance.
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