| Hisamuddin حسام الدين | |||||||||
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.jpg) Official portrait, 1960 | |||||||||
| King of the Federation of Malaya | |||||||||
| Reign | 14 April – 1 September 1960 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Abdul Rahman | ||||||||
| Successor | Putra | ||||||||
| Sultan of Selangor | |||||||||
| First reign | 4 April 1938 – 15 January 1942 | ||||||||
| Coronation | 26 January 1939 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah | ||||||||
| Successor | Musa Ghiatuddin Riayat Shah | ||||||||
| Second reign | 14 September 1945 – 1 September 1960 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Musa Ghiatuddin Riayat Shah | ||||||||
| Successor | Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah | ||||||||
| Born | (1898-05-13)13 May 1898 Bandar Termasha,Kuala Langat, Selangor,Federated Malay States | ||||||||
| Died | 1 September 1960(1960-09-01) (aged 62) Istana Tetamu,Kuala Lumpur,Federation of Malaya | ||||||||
| Burial | 3 September 1960 Royal Mausoleum,Klang, Selangor, Federation of Malaya | ||||||||
| Spouse |
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| Issue Detail | Salahuddin of Selangor Tengku Azman Shah Tengku Badli Shah Tengku Hajah Raudzah Tengku Ampuan Bariah Tengku Ismail Shah Tengku Taksiah | ||||||||
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| House | Royal Buginese Luwu Opu Daeng Celak | ||||||||
| Father | Sultan Sir Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah ibni Al-Marhum Raja Muda Raja Musa | ||||||||
| Mother | Cik Puan Hasnah Binti Pilong | ||||||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj Ibni Almarhum Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman ShahKCMG (Jawi:سلطان حسام الدين عالم شاه الحاج ابن المرحوم سلطان علاء الدين سليمان شاه; 13 May 1898 – 1 September 1960) wasSultan of Selangor from 1938 to 1942, later from 1945, and the secondYang di-Pertuan Agong of theFederation of Malaya from 14 April, until his death on 1 September 1960.
He was the third son ofSultan Alauddin Sulaiman Shah ibni Raja Muda Musa (1863–1938) by Cik Puan Hasnah binti Pilong, a commoner wife. Named Tengku Alam Shah at birth, he was not expected to succeed as he had two elder half-brothers.
Educated at theMalay College Kuala Kangsar, he was instrumental in the establishment of the Malay College Old Boys Association in 1929. In 1931, he was appointed Tengku Laksamana of Selangor, having previously served as Tengku Panglima Raja.
Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah had multiple children, his first three sons being Tengku Musa Eddin, Tengku Badar Shah and Tengku Alam Shah. The first two sons were children by his royal consort, Tengku Ampuan Maharum binti Tengku Dhiauddin of the royal house ofKedah. In 1903, Tunku Musa Eddin had been madetengku mahkota and was promoted to raja muda (heir apparent) in 1920.[1]
However, at the instigation of the BritishResident,Theodore Samuel Adams (1885–1961; in office 1935–1937), Tengku Musa Eddin was dismissed asraja muda in 1934 for alleged "misbehaviour". Adams had accused Tengku Musa Eddin of being aspendthrift and wastrel with a penchant for gambling. However, many Malays in Selangor believed the real reason for Tengku Musa Eddin's dismissal was his refusal to follow Adams' orders.[2]
Although Sultan Sulaiman pleaded for the case of Tengku Musa Eddin (even petitioning the Secretary of State for the Colonies and discussing the issue directly with him in London), Tengku Alam Shah was instead proclaimedraja muda over his other half-brother Tengku Badar.[3] The appointment occurred on 20 July 1936.[4]
Tengku Alam Shah was proclaimed sultan on 4 April 1938, four days after the death of his father. On 26 January 1939, he was crowned at the Istana Mahkota Puri inKlang. Tengku Musa Eddin, then Tengku Kelana Jaya Putera, presided over the ceremony.[5]
On 15 January 1942, Colonel Fujiyama, the Japanese Military Governor of Selangor, invited Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah to the King's House in Kuala Lumpur. In an interview with Major-General Minaki, the Sultan confessed that he had made speeches in support of the British war efforts but had been persuaded by the British Resident to do so. After being told to surrender the regalia to his older brother, the Japanese removed Sultan Alam Shah and in November 1943, proclaimed Tengku Musa Eddin as SultanMusa Ghiatuddin Riayat Shah of Selangor.[6]
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah declined to work with the Japanese and from 1943, refused the allowance they gave him and his children.[7]
The return of the British brought Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah back to the throne, while Sultan Musa was exiled to theCocos (Keeling) Islands.[8] Although he had signed theMalayan Union treaty, like all other Malay rulers, he later repudiated it and gave open support to Malay nationalist effort to stop the plan.[citation needed]
On 1 March 1946, Sultan Alam Shah officiated the First Malay Unity Congress at the Sultan Sulaiman Club in Kuala Lumpur which was instrumental in creating theUnited Malays National Organisation. The congress was organised by the Selangor Malay Society which had as its president the scholarZainal Abidin Ahmad (Za'ba), a critic of British colonial rule.[citation needed]
On 31 August 1957, by eight votes to one, Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah was elected DeputyYang di-Pertuan Agong of independent Malaya.[9]
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah was elected secondYang di-Pertuan Agong of independentMalaya on the death ofTuanku Abdul Rahman. His term of office began on 14 April 1960. On 30 July 1960 he proclaimed the end of theMalayan Emergency.[10]
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah died from an unidentified illness at the Istana Tetamu, inKuala Lumpur on 1 September 1960, aged 62, the day set for his installation as Yang di-Pertuan Agong. He was interred at the Royal Mausoleum nearSultan Sulaiman Mosque in Klang, Selangor on 3 September 1960.[11]
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah was married at least twice:
He was succeeded by his son by Raja Jemaah,Tengku Abdul Aziz Shah, as Sultan of Selangor, taking the title of Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah. Sultan Salahuddin later became the 11thYang di-Pertuan Agong and also died while in office.
Malaya:_-_DMN.svg)
Recipient of theOrder of the Crown of the Realm (DMN) (31 August 1958)[12]
United Kingdom:
Recipient of theKing George V Silver Jubilee Medal (1935)[13]
Recipient of theKing George VI Coronation Medal (1937)[14]
Honorary Knight Commander of theOrder of St Michael and St George (KCMG) –Sir (1938)[15]
Recipient of theQueen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal (1953)
Brunei:
Member First Class of theFamily Order of Laila Utama (DK) –Dato Laila Utama (24 September 1958)Several places were named after him, including:
| Regnal titles | ||
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| Preceded by | Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Supreme King of Malaysia) 1 April - 1 September 1960 | Succeeded by Tuanku Syed Putra (Raja of Perlis) |
| Preceded by | Sultan of Selangor 1937 - 1942 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Sultan of Selangor 1945 - 1960 | Succeeded by |
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