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Himni i Flamurit

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
National anthem of Albania

Himni i Flamurit
English: 'Hymn to the Flag'
Sheet music

National anthem of Albania
LyricsAsdreni, 1912
MusicCiprian Porumbescu,c. 1883
Adopted28 November 1912; 113 years ago (1912-11-28)
Audio sample

"Himni i Flamurit" ('Hymn to the Flag') is thenational anthem ofAlbania, adopted in 1912. Its music is theRomanian patriotic song "Pe-al nostru steag e scris Unire", composed byCiprian Porumbescu.[1] The lyrics were written by Albanian poetAsdreni. The anthem was originally titled "Betimi mbi Flamur" ("The Pledge on the Flag").[1]

History

[edit]
Performed in September 1918 byArbëresh tenor Giuseppe Mauro, assisted by music producer and patriot of the national movementSpiridon Ilo

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On 21 April 1912, "Betimi mbi Flamur" was first published as a poem inLiri e Shqipërisë (Freedom of Albania), an Albanian newspaper inSofia, Bulgaria. It was later printed in a volume of poems by Drenova titledËndra e lotë (Dreams and Tears) which was published inBucharest. According toLasgush Poradeci's memoirs, the anthem, created by the adaptation of the text to the music, was not originally intended to be a national anthem, but it was so well liked by the people that it was proclaimed as the national anthem in 1912, and it was with its music that the Albanian flag was raised during theAlbanian Declaration of Independence in the city ofVlorë.[1]

Music

[edit]

The Hungarian composerGyörgy Ligeti opined that the music composed by Porumbescu is rooted in Germanic and Austrian musical traditions, though this is not a definitive groundbreaking explanation of its influence and later creation. It is a view based on Porumbescu's musical education, since he had studied at theUniversity of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna. The view has been shared by Albanian musicologist,Ramadan Sokoli.[1]

Lyrics and melody

[edit]

The second half of each verse is considered refrain and is repeated. Usually only the first stanza of the anthem is performed, such as during sporting events.

Rreth flamurit të përbashkuar
Me një dëshir' e një qëllim,
Të gjith' atij duke u betuar[a]
Të lidhim besën për shpëtim.
𝄆 Prej lufte veç ai largohet
Që është lindur tradhëtor,
Kush është burrë nuk frikohet,
Po vdes, po vdes si një dëshmor! 𝄇[b]

Në dorë armët do t'i mbajmë,
Të mbrojmë atdheun në çdo kënd,
Të drejtat tona ne s'i ndajmë;
Këtu armiqtë s'kanë vend![c]
𝄆 Se Zoti vetë e tha me gojë
Që kombe shuhen përmbi dhe,
Po Shqipëria do të rrojë;[b]
Për të, për të luftojmë ne! 𝄇

O Flamur, flamur, shenj' e shenjtë
Tek ti betohemi këtu
Për Shqipërin' atdheun e shtrenjtë,[d]
Për nder' edhe lavdimn e tu.
𝄆 Trim burrë quhet dhe nderohet
Atdheut kush iu bë therror.
Përjetë ai do të kujtohet
Mbi dhe, nën dhe si një shenjtor! 𝄇[4][11][9][e]

Around our flag united we stand,
With one wish and one intention.
A sacred oath we bestow upon it,
Faith for our pardon we blazon.
𝄆 From battle only he abstains,
For who is born a traitor.
He who a true man frightened not,
But to the cause dies a warrior. 𝄇[f]

We are armed with weapon in hand,
In defending our fatherland.
Our sacred rights we shall cede not,
On our land the foe has a place not.
𝄆 For God himself proclaimed:
Some nations of the earth will end,
And yet Albania will live and succeed.
For her, for her we shall defend. 𝄇

O Banner, banner, you symbol sacred
Upon you we now swear.
For Albania, our dear fatherland,
For your glory and honour.
𝄆 Now the hero's named and honoured,
The one who died for the motherland.
Forever shall he be remembered
On earth and under as a saint! 𝄇

  1. ^Atij ('it') is sometimes replaced withatje ([a.tjɛ]; 'there'),[2] andduke u is sometimes writtenduk' iu,[3][4]duk' ju[5][6] or similar.
  2. ^abPo ('but') is sometimes writtenpor,[7][2] an ancestral form.[8]
  3. ^Alongside the standard formvend ('place') one can also find the variantvënd,[9][2] found in most Tosk dialects, with which the lyrics were originally written, as evidenced by the now lost rhyme withkënd.
  4. ^Për ('for') is sometimes written,[4][5] andatdheun ('homeland') is sometimes writtenatdhenë.[5][10]
  5. ^Apostrophes represent theelision of word-finalë's, and representation of this among different sources varies.
  6. ^Only when the first verse alone is performed.

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdTole, Vasil."Edhe një herë rreth himnit tonë kombëtar". Archived fromthe original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved17 November 2014.
  2. ^abcItaly. Esercito. Corpo di stato maggiore. Ufficio propaganda (1941).Per te, solidato d'Albania (in Italian). p. 41.
  3. ^Shkurtaj, Gjovalin; Hysa, Enver (2001).Gjuha shqipe për të huajt dhe shqiptarët jashtë Atdheut (in Albanian). Botimet Toena. p. 274.ISBN 978-99927-1-454-6.
  4. ^abc"Himni I Flamurit".teksteshqip. Archived fromthe original on 19 August 2019. Retrieved19 August 2019.
  5. ^abcFletorja zyrtare e Republikës së Shqipërisë: botim i Kuvendit Popullor (in Albanian). Parliament of Albania. 2002. p. 1427.
  6. ^Dako, Christo Anastas (1920).Mjeshtërija për të mësuarë gjuhën Anglisht (in Albanian). p. 86.
  7. ^Demo, Constantine A. (1960).Shqipëtarët Në Amerikë: Imigrantët E Parë. Society "Fatbardhësia" of Katundi. p. 95.
  8. ^Makartsev, Maxim (11 December 2020)."Grammaticalization of Progressive Aspect in a Slavic Dialect in Albania".Journal of Language Contact.13 (2):428–458.doi:10.1163/19552629-bja10012.ISSN 1955-2629.S2CID 234549830.
  9. ^ab"Hymni Shqiptar [Albanian Anthem]".Albcan.ca (in Albanian). Shoqata Bashkesia Shqiptaro Kanadeze [Albanian Canadian Community Association]. Archived fromthe original on 4 September 2018. Retrieved19 August 2019.
  10. ^Canco, Dhimitër (1999).Epiri: vështrim historik dhe etnografik (in Albanian). Botimet Toena. p. 92.ISBN 978-99927-1-180-4.
  11. ^Canco, Dhimitër (1999).Epiri: vështrim historik dhe etnografik (in Albanian). Botimet Toena.ISBN 978-99927-1-180-4.

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