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High Tatras

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Coordinates:49°10′N20°08′E / 49.167°N 20.133°E /49.167; 20.133

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Mountain range along the border of Slovakia and Poland

High Tatras
Vysoké Tatry Tatry Wysokie
Panorama of High Tatras. Peaks, from left to right:Gerlachovský štít,Batizovský štít, Kačací štít,Končistá, Gánok, Vysoká, andRysy
Highest point
Peak	Gerlachovský štít, Slovakia
Elevation	2,655 m (8,711 ft)
Coordinates	49°10′N20°08′E / 49.167°N 20.133°E /49.167; 20.133
Geography
High Tatras Location of the High Tatras in Slovakia and Poland Show map of Slovakia High Tatras High Tatras (Poland) Show map of Poland
Countries	Slovakia Poland
States	Prešov Region Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Regions	Tatra National Park—Tatranský národný park (Slovakia) Tatra National Park—Tatrzański Park Narodowy (Poland)
Parent range	Eastern Tatras

TheHigh Tatras orHigh Tatra Mountains (Slovak:Vysoké Tatry;Polish:Tatry Wysokie;Rusyn:Высокы Татры, Vŷsokŷ Tatrŷ;German:Hohe Tatra;Hungarian:Magas-Tátra), are amountain range along the border of northernSlovakia in thePrešov Region, and southernPoland in theLesser Poland Voivodeship. They are a range of theTatra Mountains chain.

Description

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Morskie Oko ("Sea Eye"), the largest lake in the Tatra mountains, is found at an elevation of 1,395m and is surrounded by peaks that rise about 1,000m above it.

The mountain range borders theBelianske Tatras to the east, thePodtatranská kotlina to the south, and theWestern Tatras to the west. Most of the range, and all the highest peaks, are in Slovakia. The highest peak isGerlachovský štít, at 2,655 metres (8,711 ft).

Biogeography

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The High Tatras, having 29 peaks over 2,500 metres (8,200 ft)AMSL are, with theSouthern Carpathians, the only mountain ranges with analpine character andhabitats in the entire 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) length of theCarpathian Mountains system.The first European cross-bordernational park, Tatra National Park, was founded here withTatra National Park (Tatranský národný park) in Slovakia in 1948, andTatra National Park (Tatrzański Park Narodowy) in Poland in 1954. The contiguous parks protectUNESCO's trans-border Tatrabiosphere reserve.^[1]

Fauna

Many rare andendemic animals and plant species are native to the High Tatras. They include the Tatras' endemicgoat-antelope andcritically endangered species, theTatra chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra tatrica). Predators includeEurasian brown bear,Eurasian lynx,marten,wolf andfox. TheAlpine marmot is common in the range.

Flora

Flora of the High Tatras includes: theendemic Tatra scurvy-grass (Cochlearia tatrae),yellow mountain saxifrage (Saxifraga aizoides),ground covering net-leaved willow (Salix reticulata),Norway spruce (Picea abies),Swiss pine (Pinus cembra), andEuropean larch (Larix decidua).

Peaks

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Highest peaks

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The alpine character of the High Tatras attractsmountaineers.

Kriváň (2,495 metres), considered to be the symbol of Slovakia

The 15 highest peaks of the High Tatras—all located in Slovakia—are:^[2]

Peak	Elevation (m\|ft)
Gerlachovský štít	around 2,655	8,711
Gerlachovská veža	2,642	8,668
Lomnický štít	2,634	8,638
Ľadový štít	2,627	8,619
Pyšný štít	2,623	8,605
Zadný Gerlach	2,616	8,583
Lavínový štít	2,606	8,550
Malý Ľadový štít	2,602	8,537
Kotlový štít	2,601	8,533
Lavínová veža	2,600	8,530
Malý Pyšný štít	2,591	8,501
Veľká Litvorová veža	2,581	8 468
Strapatá veža	2,565	8,415
Kežmarský štít	2,556	8,386
Vysoká	2,547	8,356

Other notable peaks

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Kriváň, 2494 meters, also called Slovakia's "most beautiful mountain"
Rysy, the popular Polish−Slovak summit border crossing. Rysy has three peaks: the middle at 2,503 meters; the north-western at 2,499 meters; and the south-eastern at 2,473 meters. The north-western peak is thehighest point of Poland.
Slavkovský štít, 2452 meters tall, within theTatra National Park, Slovakia

Mountain lakes

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*Veľké Žabie pleso (Mengusovské)* lake in Žabia Valley

Major lakes

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Slovak lakes
- Štrbské pleso - 1,347 m, 20 m deep.
- Popradské pleso - 1,494 m, 17 m deep.
- Veľké Hincovo pleso - 1,945 m, 54 m deep.
Polish lakes
- Morskie Oko - 1,395 m, 51 m deep.
- Czarny Staw pod Rysami - 1,583 m, 76 m deep.
- Wielki Staw Polski - 1,664 m, 79 m deep.

Other lakes

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Slovak lakes
- Zmrzlé pleso
- Ťažké pleso
- Ľadové pleso
- Batizovské pleso
- Veľké Spišské pleso - 2,019 m, 10 m deep.
- Veľké Žabie pleso (Mengusovské) - 1,921 m, 7 m deep.
- Vyšné Bielovodské Žabie pleso - 1,699 m, 25 m deep.
- Nižné Bielovodské Žabie pleso - 1,675 m, 21 m deep.
Polish lakes
- Kurtkowiec Lake - 1,686 m, 5 m deep.
- Czarny Staw Gąsienicowy - 1,624 m, 51 m deep.
- Zielony Staw Gąsienicowy - 1,672 m, 15 m deep.

Mountain huts are common in the High Tatras, this one is halfway upLomnický štít.

Transport

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By TEŽ
- Line183:from: Štrbské Pleso -to: Poprad-Tatry
- Line184:from: Starý Smokovec -to: Tatranská Lomnica
By OŽ
- Line182:from: Štrbské Pleso -to: Štrba
By ŽSR
- Line185:from: Tatranská Lomnica -to: Studený Potok orfrom: Poprad-Tatry -to: Plaveč
By PKP
- Line 99 from: Chabówka to Zakopane

Culture

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1922 postcard of tourists in the High Tatras.

The area is well known forwinter sports.Ski resorts includeŠtrbské pleso,Starý Smokovec andTatranská Lomnica in Slovakia, andZakopane in Poland. The town ofPoprad is the gateway to the Slovak Tatra resorts.

People

TheGórale people ("highlanders"), a group of indigenous people with a distinctive traditional culture, are of the High Tatras and other mountain ranges and valleys in the Tatra Mountains region.

Ludwig Greiner identifiedGerlachovský štít (Gerlachovský Peak) (2,665 metres (8,743 ft)) as the highest summit of theTatra Mountains, and the entireCarpathian Mountains system. It is also thehighest point of Slovakia.