 | |
 | |
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name Hexadecane[1] | |
| Other names Cetane | |
| Identifiers | |
| |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| 1736592 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider |
|
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.008.072 |
| EC Number |
|
| 103739 | |
| MeSH | n-hexadecane |
| UNII | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C16H34 | |
| Molar mass | 226.448 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colourless liquid |
| Odor | Gasoline-like to odorless |
| Density | 0.77 g/cm3[2][3] |
| Melting point | 18.18 °C (64.72 °F; 291.33 K)[2] |
| Boiling point | 286.9 °C (548.4 °F; 560.0 K)[2] |
| logP | 8.859 |
| Vapor pressure | < 0.1 mbar (20 °C) |
Henry's law constant (kH) | 43 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| −187.6·10−6 cm3/mol[4] | |
| Thermal conductivity | 0.140 W/(m·K)[5] |
Refractive index (nD) | 1.4329[2] |
| Viscosity | 3.03 mPa·s[6] |
| Thermochemistry[7] | |
| 501.6 J K−1 mol−1 | |
Std enthalpy of formation(ΔfH⦵298) | −456.1 kJ mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
 | |
| Warning | |
| H315 | |
| Flash point | 136 °C (277 °F; 409 K)[8] |
| 202 °C (396 °F; 475 K)[8] | |
| Related compounds | |
Related alkanes | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Hexadecane (also calledcetane) is analkanehydrocarbon with thechemical formula C16H34. Hexadecane consists of a chain of 16carbon atoms, with threehydrogen atoms bonded to the two end carbon atoms, and two hydrogens bonded to each of the 14 other carbon atoms.Isohexadecane is a branch chained isomer of hexadecane.[9]
Cetane is often used as a shorthand forcetane number, a measure of the combustion ofdiesel fuel.[10] Cetane ignites very easily under compression; for this reason, it is assigned a cetane number of 100, and serves as a reference for other fuel mixtures.[11]
Hexadecyl, or cetyl, is analkylradical ofcarbon andhydrogen derived from hexadecane, with formula C16H33 and with mass 225.433,[12] occurring especially incetyl alcohol.[13] It confers strong hydrophobicity on molecules containing it.[14]Carboplatin modified with hexadecyl andpolyethylene glycol has increasedliposolubility andPEGylation, and is proposed to useful inchemotherapy, specificallynon-small-cell lung cancer.[15]
Hexadecyl was used from 1982 forradiolabelling,[16] and this continues to be useful,[17] for example for radiolabellingexosomes andhydrogels,[18]and forpositron emission tomography.[19]
Hexadecylplatelet-activating factor has profound effects on the lung,[20] and hexadecyl glyceryl ether participates in thebiosynthesis ofplasmalogens.[21]
