Hesham Qandil | |
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هشام قنديل | |
 Qandil in 2013 | |
| 51stPrime Minister of Egypt | |
| In office 2 August 2012 – 8 July 2013 | |
| President | Mohamed Morsi |
| Deputy | Mohamed Kamel Amr |
| Preceded by | Kamal Ganzouri |
| Succeeded by | Hazem El Beblawi(Acting) |
| Minister of Water Resources and Irrigation | |
| In office 21 July 2011 – 2 August 2012 | |
| Prime Minister | Essam Sharaf Kamal Ganzouri |
| Preceded by | Hussien Ehsan Al-Atfy |
| Succeeded by | Mohamed Bahaa Eldin |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Hesham Mohamed Qandil (1962-09-17)17 September 1962 (age 62) Beni Suef,United Arab Republic (present-dayEgypt) |
| Political party | Independent |
| Alma mater | Cairo University (BS) Utah State University (MS) North Carolina State University (PhD) |
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Post-coup unrest in Egypt (2013–2014) Supporters Opponents Family
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Hesham Mohamed Qandil (also spelled:Hisham Kandil;Egyptian Arabic:هشام محمد قنديل pronounced[heˈʃæːmmæˈħæmmædʔænˈdiːl]; born 17 September 1962) is an Egyptian engineer and civil servant who wasprime minister of Egypt from 2012 to 2013.[1] Qandil was appointed as prime minister by PresidentMohamed Morsi on 24 July 2012 and sworn in on 2 August 2012. Qandil previously served asMinister of Water Resources and Irrigation from 2011 to 2012.[2]
Reuters reported that Qandil was a politically independent senior public servant in the Morsi administration, but was not popularly considered to be a likely candidate for the position of prime minister.[2] Qandil was Egypt's youngest prime minister sinceGamal Abdel Nasser's appointment in 1954.[3] When Morsi was overthrown in acoup d'état by the military, Qandil after initially continuing in his role as prime minister until the formation of a new government, resigned from office on 8 July 2013 in protest over thekilling of 61 protestors by the military at theRepublican Guard headquarters.[4] He was arrested on 24 December 2013[5] and released seven months later on 15 July 2014[6] after he was acquitted by the Court of Cassation, which accepted his appeal and annulled the one-year sentence against him.[7][8]
Qandil was born in 1962.[9] He holds a bachelor's degree in engineering, which he obtained fromCairo University in 1984.[3] Then he received a master's degree in irrigation and drainage engineering fromUtah State University in 1988 and a PhD in biological and agricultural engineering with a minor in water resources fromNorth Carolina State University in 1993.[3][10]
After graduation, Qandil joined the Egyptian civil service in the water resources department in 1985. He was granted a presidential award in 1995 for services to irrigation, and was promoted to office director for the minister of water resources from 1999 to 2005.[11][3] He participated in the work of the Nile Basin Initiative, was an observer member of the Joint Egyptian-Sudanese Water Authority, and helped launch the African Water Council. He was also Chief of Water Resources at theAfrican Development Bank, a position he held for approximately six years, from 2004 to early 2011. He returned to Egypt following therevolution to help rebuild the country. In 2011, he was appointedMinister of Water Resources and Irrigation as part of Prime MinisterEssam Sharaf's second cabinet.[3]
On 24 July 2012, Qandil was appointed as prime minister by PresidentMohamed Morsi.[12] His appointment was seen as unexpected by the Arab media, includingThe Majalla.[13] On 2 August 2012, the newly formedEgyptian cabinet was sworn in consisting of a technocrat-dominated government, with a few political parties (theFreedom and Justice Party, theAl-Wasat Party, and theRenaissance Party).[14]
Qandil's first cabinet consisted of 35 ministers, including technocrats, theFreedom and Justice Party members, theAl-Wasat Party members, and theRenaissance Party members.
On 6 January 2013, ten ministers in the first cabinet of Qandil were changed.[15] The reshuffle included ministry of finance, ministry of local development, ministry of transportation, ministry of legal affairs and parliamentary councils, ministry of electricity, ministry of interior, ministry of supply and social affairs, ministry of environment, ministry of communications and ministry of civil aviation.[15] Following the reshuffle, the number of the ministers who were the members of the Freedom and Justice Party increased to eight in the cabinet.[16][17]
On 1 July 2013, five cabinet members resigned together; they wereHisham Zazou, the tourism minister,Atef Helmi, the communications and IT minister, Hatem Bagato, the state minister for legal and parliamentary affairs,Abdel Qawi Khalifa, the irrigation minister, and Khaled Abdel Aal, the environment minister.[18]Mohamed Kamel Amr, the foreign minister, resigned as well.[19] The sports minister,El Amry Farouk, resigned on 2 July 2013.[20]
On 3 July 2013, an Egyptian appeals court upheld a verdict dismissing Qandil of his duties and sentenced him to one year in prison for not executing a court ruling to re-nationalize theTanta Flax and Oil Company.[21] Subsequently, on the same day, Morsi was removed from office in acoup d'état by the military. On 8 July 2013, Prime Minister Qandil resigned over thekilling of 61 protestors by the military at theRepublican Guard headquarters. He had initially decided to remain in his position as a caretaker PM until the formation of a new government.[4][22] In late September 2013, the Cairo Misdemeanor Court upheld the sentence against Qandil and he was arrested on 24 December 2013.[23][5] On 13 July 2014, the Court of Cassation accepted Qandil's appeal and abolished the verdict to imprison him for a year, to remove him from his job and to fine him 2,000 Egyptian pounds ($285).[7][8] He was subsequently released on 15 July 2014.[6]
Qandil is married and has five daughters.[13]
Media related toHesham Qandil at Wikimedia Commons
| Political offices | ||
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| Preceded by Hussien Ehsan Al-Atfy | Minister of Water Resources and Irrigation 2011–2012 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Prime Minister of Egypt 2012–2013 | Succeeded by |
| Khedivate of Egypt (1878–1914) |  .svg) .svg) .svg)  | |
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| Sultanate of Egypt (1914–1922) | ||
| Kingdom of Egypt (1922–1953) | ||
| Republic of Egypt (1953–present) | ||
| International | |
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