Henry Lee II | |
|---|---|
 Possible portrait of Col. Lee | |
| Member of theVirginia Senate fromFairfax andPrince William Counties | |
| Colonel | |
| In office October 7, 1776 – 1787 | |
| Preceded by | position established |
| Succeeded by | John Pope |
| Member of theHouse of Burgesses fromPrince William County | |
| In office 1758–1775 Serving with John Baylis, Foushee Tebbs,Thomas Blackburn | |
| Preceded by | Henry Peyton |
| Succeeded by | position abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1730 (1730) |
| Died | 1787 (aged 56–57) |
| Resting place | Leesylvania |
| Spouse | Lucy Grymes |
| Children | 8 (includingHenry Lee III,Charles Lee,Richard Bland Lee I, andEdmund Jennings Lee I) |
| Parent(s) | Henry Lee I Mary Bland |
| Occupation | Planter, Soldier, Politician |
Col. Henry Lee II (1730–1787) was an American planter, military officer and politician fromWestmoreland and later ofPrince William County. Although he served in theVirginia General Assembly for three decades (part-time before and after theAmerican Revolutionary War), and also held local military and political offices, Lee may today be best known forLeesylvania plantation (now a Virginia State Park and on the National Register of Historic Places), having been overshadowed by his cousinRichard Henry Lee and his sons, especially his lawyer sonsCharles,Edmund Jennings Lee I andRichard Bland Lee I and his somewhat scandal-plagued firstborn sonHenry "Light-Horse Harry" Lee III (father ofRobert E. Lee).[1][2]
Lee was born in 1729 atLee Hall in Westmoreland County, Virginia, the third son ofCapt. Henry Lee I (1691–1747), of theLee Family of Virginia, and his wife, Mary Bland (1704–1764).[3] His mother was the daughter ofHon. Richard Bland, Sr. (1665–1720) and his second wife, Elizabeth Randolph (1685–1719).[4] Thus, both parents descended from theFirst Families of Virginia who operated plantations using enslaved labor, as well as held important political and governmental offices. Lee received a private education appropriate to his class. As the third son (with elder brothers John (b. 1724) and Richard (b. 1729) and a sister Letitia (b. 1730)), Lee was not expected to inherit the main plantation, but studied law and was admitted to the local bar in Westmoreland County, where he practiced law for three years.[5]
In 1754, a year after his advantageous marriage described below, Lee moved toPrince Willliam County, developing a 2000 acre plantation on thePotomac River at Freestone Point between Neabsco Creek and Powell Creek near the town ofDumfries, which is now a state park but still known as "Leesylvania".[6] That land much earlier been inherited by Laetitia Corbin, who had marriedRichard Lee II long before Virginia legislators had created Prince William County, and was known for magnificent views of the Potomac River.[7] Henry Lee later inherited nearly 3500 acres in Fairfax County from his parents, as well as twenty enslaved people and considerable livestock.[8] In 1787, the year of his death (and also the year of a Virginia tax census in Prince William County), Lee owned 29 enslaved teenagers under 16 years old, 26 enslaved adults, as well as 16 horses and 72 cattle and a 4-wheeled carriage.[9]
Meanwhile, Henry Lee II used his legal training as a justice of the peace for Prince William county, and later led the county's justices who jointly administered the county in that era.[10] Lee also led the county militia as County Lieutenant for Prince William, including during theRevolution, although that position in that era customarily involved gathering men and supplies, not leading troops outside the county.[11]
In 1756, Lee thought he won election to the VirginiaHouse of Burgesses, but a court declared the results invalid andHenry Peyton, likewise of theFirst Families of Virginia won the new election and was thus seated alongside John Bell for what proved to be a two-year long session.[12] Lee clearly won a seat in 1758 (which proved to be a four year long session), and began serving alongside John Baylis.[13] That year, five Lees (brothers and cousins, led byRichard Henry Lee of Westmoreland County) won election as burgesses from various counties in theNorthern Neck of Virginia.[14] Lee would continue to win re-elections and served alongside Foushee Tebbs until that man accepted a position as tobacco inspector and was succeeded byThomas Blackburn until Governor Dumnore prorogued (suspended the assembly in 1775).[15] Prince William County voters then elected Lee and Blackburn their representatives to the first four Virginia Revolutionary Conventions, and elected Lee andCuthbert Bullitt as their representatives to the last revolutionary convention in 1776.[16] After independence, Lee won election to the Virginia Senate, representing a district consisting pf Fairfax and Prince William Counties, and continued to serve until his death, when John Pope won election to the vacant seat.[17]
Henry Lee was the third son of Capt. Henry Lee I (1691–1747) of "Lee Hall", Westmoreland County, and his wife, Mary Bland (1704–1764). Bland was the daughter of Hon.Richard Bland (1665–1720) and his second wife, Elizabeth Randolph (1685–1719) (the daughter ofWilliam Randolph).[1] Thus, all were descended from theFirst Families of Virginia.
Lee married on December 1, 1753 local beauty and heiress Lucy Grymes (April 26, 1734–1792), calledLowland Beauty, daughter of Hon.Charles Grymes (1693–1743) (twice related to PresidentGeorge Washington) and Frances Jennings (great-aunt ofEdmund Randolph).[18] Her father Charles Grymes lived at his "Morattico" plantation, inRichmond County, Virginia. His mother in law Frances Jenings was also of distinguished lineage, daughter ofEdmund Jenings and wife Frances Corbin. Charles Grymes held local public offices including as sheriff of Richmond County, and held the highest office obtainable to a Virginia planter, as a member of the Governor's Council (1724-1725). Lucy survived a poisoning attempt by two local slaves in 1767 (one living at Leesylvania and the other working at the Neabsco foundry owned by Col. John Tayloe, father-in-law to his cousin Francis Lee). Henry reportedly wrote to his cousin Squire Lee complaining about the attempts of the irnworks' foreman to get the ringleader pardoned.[19]
All of Henry Lee II and Lucy Grymes Lee's children were born at Leesylvania:[20]
Henry Lee died in 1787 at Leesylvania, and is buried there, as is his widow Lucy, who survived him by five years. He named his second son, Charles Lee, as administrator of his estate, because of scandals which had already developed around debts incurred by his eldest son, Henry Lee III, and his mishandling of the funds held in trust for his wife and daughters.[21]
The plantation home burned in 1790, three years after Lee's death, and in the 1950s the remaining foundation was nearly completely demolished in construction of a road to the dock of a gambling boat, the SSFreestone.[22] Henry Fairfax bought the property in 1825 from Alfred Lee, and his family lived there in a home which may have pre-dated the final Lee residence, and also operated a lucrative fishery on the Potomac River. However, the Fairfax home burned in 1910,[7] and ruins of the walls and a chimney and barn foundation are all that remain.[20] Increasing pollution in the Potomac ended the profitable fishery and a duck hunting club which acquired the property in the early 20th century.[23] In modern times, the Lee Society of Virginia erected a monument to his son "Lighthorse Harry", which also mentions Leesylvania and honors it as the ancestral home of Robert E. Lee.[6][7]
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