H. P. Berlage | |
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| Born | Hendrik Petrus Berlage (1856-02-21)21 February 1856 Amsterdam, Netherlands |
| Died | 12 August 1934(1934-08-12) (aged 78) The Hague, Netherlands |
| Alma mater | ETH Zurich |
| Occupation | Architect |
| Buildings | Beurs van Berlage (1903) Jachthuis Sint-Hubertus (1920) Kunstmuseum Den Haag (1935) |
| Projects | Plan Zuid (1915) |
Hendrik Petrus Berlage (Dutch pronunciation:[ˈɦɛndrɪkˈpeːtrʏzˈbɛrlaːɣə]; 21 February 1856 – 12 August 1934) was a Dutch architect and designer. He is considered one of the fathers of the architecture of theAmsterdam School.
Hendrik Petrus Berlage, son of Nicolaas Willem Berlage and Anna Catharina Bosscha, was born on 21 February 1856 inAmsterdam in the Netherlands.[1] Anna Catharina Bosscha's uncle wasJohannes Bosscha, a scientist who taught inPolytechnische School te Delft.
Berlage studied architecture at theZurich Institute of Technology between 1875 and 1878 after which he traveled extensively for three years through Europe. In the 1880s he formed a partnership in the Netherlands with Theodore Sanders which produced a mixture of practical and utopian projects. A published author, Berlage held memberships in various architectural societies includingCIAM I.
Berlage was influenced by the Neo-Romanesque brickwork architecture ofHenry Hobson Richardson and of the combination of structures of iron seen with brick of the Castle of the Three Geckos ofDomènech i Montaner. This influence is visible in his design for the Amsterdam Commodities Exchange, for which he would also draw on the ideas ofViollet-le-Duc. The load-bearing bare brick walls and the notion of the primacy of space, and of walls as the creators of form, would be the constitutive principles of the 'Hollandse Zakelijkheid'.
A visit Berlage made to the U.S. in 1911 greatly affected his architecture. From then on the organic architecture ofFrank Lloyd Wright would be a significant influence. Lectures he gave when returned to Europe would help to disseminate Wright's thoughts in Germany.
A notable overseas commission was the 1916 Holland House,[2] built as offices for a Dutch shipping company in Bury Street in theCity of London (behindNorman Foster's30 St Mary Axe of 2003).[3]
Considered the "Father of Modern architecture" in the Netherlands and the intermediary between the Traditionalists and the Modernists, Berlage's theories inspired most Dutch architectural groups of the 1920s, includingthe Traditionalists,the Amsterdam School,De Stijl andthe New Objectivists. He received the BritishRIBARoyal Gold Medal in 1932.
Berlage died on 12 August 1934 inThe Hague.[1] His son, also namedHendrik Petrus Berlage, was anastronomer in Royal Magnetic and Meteorological Observatory inBatavia, Dutch East Indies (nowJakarta, Indonesia), whose name has been immortalized as alunar crater (Berlage).[4]
TheBerlage Institute has been a postgraduate school for architecture since 1990.
Works of Berlage are in the public collections ofMuseum de Fundatie,Gemeentemuseum Den Haag, andKröller-Müller Museum.
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