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help (command)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Command in various command line shells
The end of theHELP command output fromRT-11SJ displayed on aVT100.
TheBusyBoxHELP command

Incomputing,help is acommand in variouscommand lineshells such asCOMMAND.COM,cmd.exe,Bash,qshell,4DOS/4NT,Windows PowerShell,Singularity shell,Python,MATLAB[1] andGNU Octave.[2] It providesonline information about available commands and the shell environment.[3]

Implementations

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Information about thehelp command forDCL onRSX-11
TheReactOShelp command

The command is available inoperating systems such asMultics,[4]Heath CompanyHDOS,[5]CP/M Plus,DOS,IBMOS/2,[6]eComStation,ArcaOS,IBM i,[7]MicrosoftWindows,ReactOS,[8]THEOS/OASIS,[9]ZilogZ80-RIO,[10]MicrowareOS-9,[11]StratusOpenVOS,[12]HPMPE/iX,[13]MotorolaVERSAdos,[14]KolibriOS[15] and also in theDECRT-11,[16]RSX-11,[17]TOPS-10[18] andTOPS-20[19] operating systems. Furthermore it is available in theopen sourceMS-DOSemulatorDOSBox and in theEFI shell.[20]

OnUnix, the command is part of theSource Code Control System and prints help information for the SCCS commands.

Multics

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TheMulticshelp command prints descriptions of system commands/active functions andsubroutines. It also prints various information about the system status, system changes, and other general information. This information is selected from segments maintained online, which are in a special format, called information segments. More than 800 information segments are available.[21]

DEC OS/8

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The DECOS/8CCLhelp command prints information on specified OS/8 programs.[22]

DOS

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MS-DOS

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Thehelp command is available inMS-DOS 5.x and later versions of the software.[23]Thehelp command with a 'command' parameter would give help on a specific command.If no arguments are provided, the command lists the contents ofDOSHELP.HLP.

In MS-DOS 6.x this command exists asFASTHELP.

The MS-DOS 6.xxhelp command usesQBasic to view a quickhelpHELP.HLP file, which contains more extensive information on the commands, with some hyperlinking etc. The MS-DOS 6.22 help system is included onWindows 9x CD-ROM versions as well.

PC DOS

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InPC DOS 5 and 6help is the same form as MS-DOS 5help command.

PC DOS 7.xxhelp usesview.exe to open OS/2 styleINF files (cmdref.inf,dosrexx.inf anddoserror.inf), opening these to the appropriate pages.

PC-MOS

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The Software Link'sPC-MOS includes an implementation ofhelp.[24] Like the rest of the operating system, it is licensed under theGPL v3.[25]

DR-DOS

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InDR-DOS,help is abatch file that launches DR-DOS' internal help program,dosbook.

ROM-DOS

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DatalightROM-DOS includes an implementation of thehelp command.[26] ROM-DOS was introduced in 1989 as an MS-DOS compatible operating system designed for embedded systems.

FreeDOS

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TheFreeDOS version was developed by Joe Cosentino.[27]

4DOS/4NT

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The 4DOS/4NThelp command uses atext user interface to display the online help.

cmd.exe

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Pocket CMD v 3.0 (cmd.exe) onWindows CE 3.0 showing thehelp command output

Used without parameters,help lists and briefly describes every system command.Windows NT-based versions use MS-DOS 5 style help. Versions beforeWindows Vista also have a Windows help file (NTCMDS.HLP orNTCMDS.INF) in a similar style to MS-DOS 6.

PowerShell

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InPowerShell,help is a short form (implemented as a PowerShell function) for access to theGet-Help Cmdlet.

Windows PowerShell includes an extensive, console-based help system, reminiscent of man pages in Unix. The help topics include help for cmdlets, providers, and concepts in PowerShell.

GNU Bash

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InBash, the builtin commandhelp'[28] lists all Bash builtin commands if used without arguments. Otherwise, it prints a brief summary of a command. Its syntax is:

help [-dms] [pattern]

OpenVMS

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HELP is aDCL utility that contains information on the use of commands and descriptions of some OpenVMS concepts such as time formats and lexical functions, as well as lists of commands for a particular purpose (HELP Hints).

Syntax

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The command-syntax is:

help [command]

Arguments:

  • command Thiscommand-line argument specifies the name of the command about which information is to be displayed.

Examples

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DOSBox

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Z:\>helpIf you want a list of all supported commands type help /all .A short list of the most often used commands:<DIR     > Directory View.<CD      > Display/changes the current directory.<CLS     > Clear screen.<COPY    >Copy files....

Python

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Main article:Docstring
>>>helpType help() for interactive help, or help(object) for help about object.>>>help()Welcome to Python 2.5!  This is the online help utility.If this is your first time using Python, you should definitely check outthe tutorial on the Internet at https://www.python.org/doc/tut/.Enter the name of any module, keyword, or topic to get help on writingPython programs and using Python modules.  To quit this help utility andreturn to the interpreter, just type "quit"....

GNU Octave

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octave-3.0.0.exe:1> helpHelp is available for the topics listed below.Additional help for built-in functions and operators isavailable in the on-line version of the manual.  Use the command`doc <topic>' to search the manual index....

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Help for functions in Command Window - MATLAB help".www.mathworks.com.
  2. ^"Function Reference: help".octave.sourceforge.io.
  3. ^"Microsoft TechNet Help article". 11 September 2009.
  4. ^"Multics Glossary -H-".www.multicians.org.
  5. ^Heath Company."Software Reference Manual HDOS SYSTEM Chapter 2 General Operations"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2017-08-07. Retrieved2020-02-08.
  6. ^"JaTomes Help - OS/2 Commands". Archived fromthe original on 2019-04-14. Retrieved2019-07-27.
  7. ^IBM."IBM System i Version 7.2 Programming Qshell"(PDF).IBM. Retrieved2020-09-05.
  8. ^"reactos/reactos".GitHub. 3 January 2022.
  9. ^THEOS/OASIS User′s Handbook
  10. ^"Z80-RIO OPERATING SYSTEM USER'S MANUAL"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2022-01-28. Retrieved2019-05-04.
  11. ^Paul S. Dayan (1992).The OS-9 Guru - 1 : The Facts. Galactic Industrial Limited.ISBN 0-9519228-0-7.
  12. ^"Reference manual"(PDF).stratadoc.stratus.com. Retrieved2020-09-14.
  13. ^"MPE/iX Command Reference Manual"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2018-10-21. Retrieved2018-10-21.
  14. ^M68000 Family VERSAdos System Facilities Reference Manual
  15. ^"Shell - KolibriOS wiki".wiki.kolibrios.org.
  16. ^"RT-11 HELP FILE".paleoferrosaurus.com. Archived fromthe original on 2018-07-17. Retrieved2018-07-16.
  17. ^John F. Pieper (1987).RSX A Guide for Users(PDF). Digital Equipment Corporation.ISBN 0-932376-90-8. Retrieved2020-09-19.
  18. ^TOPS-10 Operating System Commands Manual(PDF). Digital Equipment Corporation. August 1980. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2020-08-09. Retrieved2019-02-17.
  19. ^"TOPS-20 Command manual"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2020-08-09. Retrieved2018-07-18.
  20. ^"EFI Shells and Scripting".Intel. Retrieved2013-09-25.
  21. ^Honeywell Bull, Inc. (Feb 1985).Multics Commands and Active Functions (AG92-06)(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on June 6, 2022. RetrievedJan 10, 2021.
  22. ^"Concise Command Language" (CCL)."OS/8 Handbook"(PDF). April 1974. Retrieved28 November 2017.
  23. ^Wolverton, Van (2003).Running MS-DOS Version 6.22 (20th Anniversary Edition), 6th Revised edition.Microsoft Press.ISBN 0-7356-1812-7.
  24. ^"roelandjansen/pcmos386v501".GitHub. 2 January 2022.
  25. ^Jansen, Roeland (8 February 2018)."pcmos386v501: PC-MOS/386 v5.01 final release including cdrom driver sources" – via GitHub.
  26. ^"Datalight ROM-DOS User's Guide"(PDF).www.datalight.com.
  27. ^"ibiblio.org FreeDOS Package -- Help (FreeDOS Base)".www.ibiblio.org.
  28. ^"Bash Reference Manual".www.gnu.org. Retrieved2016-05-09.

Further reading

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External links

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