Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Wikipedia:Merging

Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromHelp:Merging)
Wikipedia information page
"WP:MERGE" and "WP:DA" redirect here. For the WikiProject, seeWikipedia:WikiProject Merge. For merging of page histories, seeWikipedia:History merging. For articles with duplicated content, seeWikipedia:Content forks. For the list of oldest unedited articles, seeWikipedia:Database reports/Forgotten articles.

Wikipedia information page
This is aninformation page.
It is neither anencyclopedia article nor one ofWikipedia's policies or guidelines; rather, its purpose is to explain certain aspects of Wikipedia's norms, customs, technicalities, or practices. It may reflect differing levels ofconsensus andvetting.

Amerge ormerger is the process of uniting two or more pages into a single page. It is done by copying some or all content from the source page(s) into the destination page and then replacing the source page with aredirect to the destination page.

Any editor can perform a merge. No permission or discussion is needed if you think the merge is uncontroversial;just do it! Otherwise, the merge should be first proposed and discussed, as detailed below. When performing a merge, remember to attribute copied content, asrequired by Wikipedia's copyright license. At minimum, this means includingMerged content from[[SOURCEPAGE]] in youredit summaries.See how to merge below for details.

Reasons for merging

Shortcuts
"WP:DUPLICATE" redirects here. For other, seeWikipedia:Duplicate (disambiguation).

There are several good reasons to merge pages:

  1. Duplicate: There are two or more pages on exactly the same subject, with the same scope. If a duplicate article was recently created, it may also be a candidate for speedy deletion underCSD A10 criteria.
  2. Overlap: There are two or more pages on related subjects that have a large overlap and might beWP:REDUNDANT. Remember,Wikipedia is not a dictionary; there does not need to be a separate entry for every concept. For example, "flammable" and "non-flammable" can both be explained in an article onflammability.
  3. Short text: If a page is very short (consisting of perhaps only one or two sentences) and is, in your opinion as editor, unlikely to be expanded within a "reasonable" (unspecified) amount of time, it often makes sense to merge it into a page on a broader topic.
  4. Insufficient notability: Some topics may not reach thegeneral notability guidelines, or more specific criteria, so merging is analternative to deletion. While this can also be implemented through thearticles for deletion process, merging directly may be more efficient. For example, parents or children of a celebritywho themselves are otherwise unremarkable are generally covered in a section of the article on the celebrity.
  5. Context: If a short article requires the background material or context from a broader article in order for readers to understand it. For example, minor characters from works of fiction are generally covered in a "List of characters in <work>" article (and can be merged there); see alsoWikipedia:Notability (fiction).

Shortcut

Merging should be avoided if:

  1. the resulting article would betoo long or "clunky";
  2. the separate topics could be expanded into longer standalone (but cross-linked) articles;
  3. the pages are category or templates, which should be discussed atCategories for discussion andTemplates for discussion respectively.

Procedure

Shortcuts

If the need for a merge is obvious, editors are encouraged tobe bold and simply do it themselves.See how to merge below. Young or short articles andstubs that only differ in wording should be merged immediately. Longer articles that have been separate for a long time are usually be discussed first, especially if they are about controversial topics. If the merge is difficult to perform or is potentially controversial, you can request assistance and feedback at theProposed article mergers noticeboard.

While bold merges may be reverted entirely, the process and thediscussion after the revert results in better articles. To start a merge discussion, perform the following steps.

Step 1: Create a discussion

Shortcut

This is usually done on the proposed destination page's talk page. For example, if suggesting thatSource page be merged intoDestination page, create a proposal in a new section atTalk:Destination page. If the destination does not exist, do not create its talk page.

Start a new section and includethe list of the affected pages and a merge rationale. For example:

== Merge proposal ==I propose merging[[SOURCEPAGES]] into[[DESTINATIONPAGE]]. I think the content in SOURCEPAGE can easily be explained in the context of this article, and merging them would not cause any article-size or[[WP:UNDUE|weighting]] problems.~~~~

If the merge proposal was incorrectly started on the source's talk page, and the proposed destination is unambiguous and exists, any editor can move the proposal to the talk page of thedestination, to increase its visibility. Use the{{Moved to}} and{{Moved from}} templates.

Optionally, you can notify contributors to the pages involved. One way is toping them in a comment on the merge proposal, such as{{ping|User1|User2|User3|...}} Notifying contributors to the articles. ~~~~. Alternatively, create a new topic on those users' talk pages with{{subst:Mergenote|PAGENAME|Talk:PAGENAME#Merge proposal}}. Respectneutrality when making invitations to participate in the discussion;selectively notifying editors is not allowed.

Step 2: Tag the relevant pages

Shortcut

To propose merging:

  • two articles together: place{{Merge to|DESTINATIONPAGE|discuss=Talk:DESTINATIONPAGE#Merge proposal|date=November 2025}} at the top of the source page, and{{Merge from|SOURCEPAGE|discuss=Talk:DESTINATIONPAGE#Merge proposal|date=November 2025}} at the top of the proposed destination article or section.
    • If you don't already know which article should be merged and which should remain, place{{Merge|OTHERPAGE|discuss=Talk:PAGE#Merge proposal|date=November 2025}} onboth pages.
  • many articles into an existing article: place{{Merge|OTHERSOURCEPAGES|...|target=DESTINATIONPAGE|discuss=Talk:DESTINATIONPAGE#Merge proposal|date=November 2025}} on all the source pages, and{{Merge from|SOURCEPAGE1|SOURCEPAGE2|...|discuss=Talk:DESTINATIONPAGE#Merge proposal|date=November 2025}} on the destination article.
  • many articles into a page that doesn't exist yet: place{{Merge|target=DESTINATIONPAGE|SOURCEPAGE1|SOURCEPAGE2|...|discuss=Talk:SOURCEPAGE#Merge proposal|date=November 2025}} on each source page.

Always use the|discuss= parameter to link to thesame discussion. Otherwise, two separate discussions could take place. If the parameter is not specified, the notices lead to the top of each article's talk page. In{{Merge to}},{{Merge from}}, it always leads to the destination talk page, but it is still preferable to link to a specific section of the talk page. (When proposing a cross-namespace merge, these templates won't work.)

Step 3: Discuss the merge

Shortcut

Make sure to followstandard talk page guidelines and be clear and concise. Usually, a hybrid discussion/straw poll is used, but remember thatpolling is not a substitute for discussion. Example:

*'''Merge''' – The article is too short.~~~~*'''Don't merge''' – The subject is notable.~~~~

Step 4: Determine consensus and close the merge discussion

Shortcuts

During discussion, arough consensus may emerge to proceed with the merge.Any user, including the user who first proposed the merge, may close the discussion and move forward with the merge if enough time (normally one week or more) has elapsed and therehas been no discussion or if there is almost unanimous consensus to merge. Closing of merge discussions differs fromclosing of requested move discussions in that closings of uncontroversial merge discussions byinvolved users are allowed.

In more unclear, controversial cases, the determination that a consensus to merge has or has not been achieved should be made by an editor who is neutral and not directly involved in the merge proposal or the discussion. The discussion can be listed at theProposed article mergers noticeboard to attract the attention of more editors. If necessary, you can request that anuninvolved editor close the discussion at theClosure requests noticeboard. If a consensus is formed against the merge shortly after it was performed, it can easily be reversed.

To close a merge discussion, use the{{Discussion top}} and{{Discussion bottom}} templates.[a] Then:

  • If the discussion isclosed with consensus to merge, change the{{Merge to}} tag to{{Being merged to}} in the source page, and change{{Merge from}} to{{Being merged from}} in the destination page. They should remained tagged until the merge is performed, so that they are added tothe relevant backlog.
  • If the discussion isclosed with consensus against merging or no consensus, remove all the{{Merge}} templates from the destination and source pages, linking to the discussion in your edit summary. Optionally, you can also place{{Old merge}} on the corresponding talk pages.[b]

Step 5: Perform the merge

Shortcuts

The main reason that the merge backlog includes thousands of articles is because the people who support the merge neglect to undertake this final step.Any editor, including the editor who originally proposed the merge, is permitted to perform a merge in accordance with consensus. Merging pages doesnot require intervention from an administrator. To merge articles, follow the steps below.

  1. Copy all or some of the content from the source page andpaste the content in an appropriate location at the destination page. If the source page contains any good content, copy it over instead of just redirecting it. Remove the{{Merge}} or{{Being merged}} templates from the article. Publish the edit, leaving an edit summary similar to the one below (linking to the source article isrequired by copyright):
    Merged content from[[SOURCEPAGE]]. See[[Talk:DESTINATIONPAGE#Merge proposal]].
    Ideally, do any necessary rearranging and copyediting in a separate edit, to simplify attribution. Copy and paste the content to transfer and immediately publish the page with the edit summary above, even if it duplicates some parts. (You can place{{In use}} or{{Inuse-section}} to let editors know you're currently working on it.) Then, edit the page a second time to clean it up.
  2. Redirect the source page whose content was just merged. To do this more quickly, you can install theeasy-merge script and follow the instructions on its documentation. To do it manually, replaceeverything in the source page with:
    #REDIRECT[[DESTINATIONPAGE]]{{Redirect category shell|{{R from merge}}}}
    Or, if you merged the content to a section:
    #REDIRECT[[DESTINATIONPAGE#Section]]{{Redirect category shell|{{R from merge}}{{R to section}}}}
    Then publish your changes, using an edit summary such as:
    Merged content to[[DESTINATIONPAGE]]. See[[Talk:DESTINATIONPAGE#Merge proposal]].
  3. Reconcile talk page tags. If the source page has a talk page:
    • Move any previously added{{Merged-from}} and{{Copied}} templates to the destination page's talk page.
    • Reconcile the various{{WikiProject}} templates: copy them from the source page to the destination and remove duplicates (look out for alternative templates; e.g.{{WikiProject Software|Computing=yes}} is the same as{{WikiProject Computing|Software=yes}}).
  4. (Optional)Tag the talk pages with the relevant templates, for posterity. This action is perfomed automatically when using theeasy-merge script. To do it manually, place{{Merged-from|SOURCEPAGE|November 2025}} atop the destination's talk page and{{Merged-to|DESTINATIONPAGE|November 2025}} atop the source's talk page.
    However, do not add them if themerge is the result of an AfD discussion and the{{Afd-merge from}} template is already on the destination's talk page.
    Experienced users can alternatively add{{Copied|from=|from_oldid=|to=|to_oldid=|to_diff=|date=}} to the top ofboth talk pages. This is especially useful to replace many similar merge tags and collapse them into one.
  5. (Optional)Fix anydouble redirects found atSpecial:WhatLinksHere. A bot does this automatically, but it may take a day or two.
  6. Check fornon-free images (or other files). Examples:a book cover,a poster, a logo, etc. The description page of such an image will have a red copyright icon and anon-free use rationale (a summary box withNon-free use rationale in the title, or aFair use section) – the article title mentioned in such a rationale should be updated. This is required under thenon-free content criteria.

Merge as a result of a deletion discussion

Shortcut
"WP:MERGEAFD" redirects here. For the essays, seeWikipedia:Merge what? andWikipedia:AfD and mergers.

InArticles for deletion discussions, editors may suggest that thearticles nominated for deletion bemerged to an appropriate article as analternative to deletion. If there is a rough consensus for a merge at the end of a deletion discussion, the following template is placed at the top of the nominated article:

{{tlx|Afd-merge to|destination article|debate name|debate closure date}}

Similarly, this template is placed on the destination article's talk page:

{{tlx|Afd-merge from|nominated article|debate name|debate closure date}}

This informs users involved in those pages that content is to be merged as a result of a deletion discussion. It is theinvolved editors' job, not theclosing editors' job, to perform the merge. Proceed in the manner described above. See alsoWikipedia:Merge what?, an essay encouraging not to just vote "merge" in AfD discussions.

Notes

  1. ^This is an example usage:
    == Merge proposal =={{Discussion top|result=The result of this discussion was... .~~~~}}I propose merging ...: Rest of the discussion...{{Discussion bottom}}
  2. ^To add{{Old merge}}, use this format:
    {{Old merge| otherpage= DESTINATIONPAGE| result='''not merged'''| talk= Talk:DESTINATIONPAGE#Merge proposal| date={{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}}{{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}}}

See also

Articles proposed for merging
(refresh)
Subtotals
December 20241
March 20251
May 202535
June 202525
July 202551
August 202554
September 2025146
October 2025263
November 2025360
Undated articles1
937
Jump to a random article from the merge backlog!
   Merge a random article!

Merge templates

Main pages:Wikipedia:Template messages/Merging andCategory:Merge templates
Article page
PAM notice
User talk page
PAM discussion notifications
  • {{Mergenote}}(PAM notification to user talk page)
Discussion page
PAM templates
User talk page
PAM process notifications
Article source talk page
PAM notice
  • {{Merge done}}(Merge after discussion notice; for source talk page)
  • {{Merge to}}(PAM merge request; for source page; use{{Merge from}} on destination talk page)
  • {{Merged-to}}(Post PAM merge completed; for source talk page)
  • {{Being merged}}(Source page merging in action notice)
  • {{Mfd-merge to}}(Post MfD merge needed; for source talk page; use{{Mfd-merge to}} on destination page)
  • {{Old merge}}(1st and subsequent nominations)
Article destination talk page
PAM notice
Miscellaneous
PAM misc.

Other guides

About Wikipedia (?)
Help for readers (?)
Contributing
to Wikipedia (?)
Getting started (?)
Dos and don'ts (?)
How-to pages and
information pages (?)
Coding (?)
Directories (?)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Merging&oldid=1323631027"
Categories:
Hidden category:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp