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Help:IPA/Turkish

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
<Help:IPA
This is thepronunciation key forIPA transcriptions of Turkish on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Turkish in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishingconsensus on thetalk page first.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Turkish

The charts below show the way in which theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) representsTurkish language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, seeTemplate:IPA andWikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

For a more in-depth coverage of the sounds of Turkish, seeTurkish phonology.

Consonants
IPAExampleEnglish
approximation
bbebekⓘabout
βvücutⓘ[1]likevase,but with both lips
cşekilⓘ[2]skew
dmaddeⓘado
dʒocakⓘjump
ffarⓘfood
ɡgamⓘ[2]ago
ɟgerçekⓘ[2]argue
hanahtarⓘhome
jhayatⓘyes
kkabakⓘ[2]core
lbilinçⓘ[3]million
ɫkulakⓘ[2]tail
mcumaⓘmuch
nnesneⓘnot
ɲenginⓘ[4]canyon
ŋyangınⓘ[5]wing
ppazarⓘpan
ɾanahtarlarⓘAmE atom
ssinekⓘsend
ʃkişiⓘshoe
tTürkçeⓘtable
tʃçiviⓘchange
vçiviⓘ[1]vase
zpazarⓘzone
ʒjiletⓘleisure
Vowels
IPAExampleEnglish
approximation
akabakⓘfather
æerkekⓘ[6]cat
eerkekⓘbed
içiviⓘcreek
otokmakⓘstory
œözgürlükⓘsomewhat like bird
uruhⓘcool
ɯkışⓘsomewhat like ribbon
yTürkçeⓘsomewhat like cue
Suprasegmentals
IPAExamples
ˈtorbalı[toɾbaˈɫɯ] 'with bag'
Torbalı[ˈtoɾbaɫɯ] (a place name)[7]
ːâ, î, û,[8]ğ[9]oğlan[oːˈɫan]ⓘ 'boy'

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ab/v/ surfaces as[β] when either preceded or followed by a rounded vowel (but not when intervocalic).
  2. ^abcde[c~k],[ɟ~ɡ], and[l~ɫ] contrast only in loanwords before⟨â, û⟩ vs.⟨a, u⟩. In native words,[c,ɟ,l] occur before front vowels ([æ,e,i,œ,y]) and[k,ɡ,ɫ] occur before back vowels ([a,o,u,ɯ]); word-finally or preconsonantally,[c,ɟ,l] occur after front vowels and[k,ɡ,ɫ] occur after back vowels.
  3. ^[l] is more accurately described as palatalized postalveolar[ʎ̟], but it is conventionally transcribed with ⟨l⟩.
  4. ^[ɲ] appears as an allophone of/n/ before the consonants[ɟ] and[c].
  5. ^[ŋ] appears as an allophone of/n/ before the consonants[ɡ] and[k].
  6. ^Allophone of/e/ before sonorants[l,m,n,ɾ] in the same syllable, and in the suffix-mez.
  7. ^Native Turkish proper nouns are typically stressed on one of the last three syllables, and other words (excepting some words, certain unstressed suffixes and stressed verb tenses) are stressed on the last syllable (seeTurkish phonology § Word-accent).
  8. ^Düzeltme işareti (Turkish for "correction mark")⟨ˆ⟩ is a sign which indicates both the vowel length and indicates if the letter⟨k⟩ represents[c], the letter⟨g⟩ represents[ɟ] or the letter⟨l⟩ represents[l] before back vowels[a] and[u].
    Yet thedüzeltme işareti is used primarily to indicate palatalization, instead of length. For example, the wordkatil means "murder" when it is pronounced as[kaˈtil], but it means "killer" when it is pronounced as[kaːˈtil]. The letter⟨a⟩ is left unmarked even if it is long because the sound/k/ does not become/c/ in this case.
    ⟨î⟩ is an exception, as it indicates only the vowel length.
  9. ^In Turkish, the letter⟨ğ⟩ (also calledyumuşak g, 'soft g') indicates a number of different sounds, depending on context:
    • in syllable-initial positions, is silent and indicates a syllable break, for example:ağır ('heavy')[aˈɯɾ],ağa ('Agha')[aˈa].
    • in other positions, indicates the lengthening of the preceding vowel, for example:dağ ('mountain')[daː],doğru ('true')[doːɾu].
      • if the lengthened vowel is/e/, it sounds like[j], for example:eğlence ('fun')[ejlænˈdʒe]
    • in proper names where it may appear following a consonant, it is treated as a⟨g⟩, for example:Olğun[oɫˈɡun]
Comparisons
Introductory guides
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