Prof. Dr. Mr. Hazairin Gelar Pangeran Alamsyah Harahap | |
|---|---|
 Hazairin in 1954 | |
| Minister of Home Affairs | |
| In office 30 July 1953 – 18 November 1954 | |
| President | Sukarno |
| Preceded by | Mohammed Roem |
| Succeeded by | Sunarjo |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1906-11-28)28 November 1906 |
| Died | 11 December 1975(1975-12-11) (aged 69) |
| Resting place | Kalibata Heroes' Cemetery |
| Citizenship | Indonesian |
| Political party | Great Indonesia Party |
Hazairin (Gelar Pangeran Alamsyah Harahap; 28 November 1906 – 11 December 1975) was theIndonesia's Minister of Home Affairs from 30 July 1953 to 18 November 1954, serving in theFirst Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet.
Hazairin was born inBukittinggi,West Sumatra,Dutch East Indies on 28 November 1906[1] to a strict religious family ofPersian descent.[2] His father, Zakaria Bahar, was a teacher fromBengkulu and his mother was ofMinangkabau descent.[2] As a child, he moved toBengkulu to begin his schooling at a Hollands Indlandsche School, or Dutch school forNative Indonesians.[1] After graduating in 1920, he moved toPadang to study at a Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs, graduating in 1924.[1] During the same period, he studied Arabic and theQuran with his grandfather, expanding on his Islamic studies in his own time.[3]
Hazairin later left forBandung, inWest Java, to study at the Algemene Middelbare School there, graduating in 1927.[1] He then went toBatavia (modern dayJakarta) to study at the Institute of Law (Rechtkundige Hoogeschool), focusing onadat law.[1] He graduated in 1935.[1]
After graduation, Hazairin returned to Bengkulu under the tutelage of B. Ter Haar, a respected Dutch expert onadat, to study theRejang people there.[1] Using the results as the basis for his dissertation, entitled "De Redjang" ("The Rejang"), he received a doctorate on 29 May 1936.[4] He was the only native Indonesian doctor to graduate from the Batavia Institute of Law.[4] From 1935 until 1938 he also served as a guest lecturer at the institution.[4]
In 1938 Hazairin obtained a post at a court inPadang Sidempuan,North Sumatra, where he stayed until theJapanese invaded the Indies in 1942; during the same period he served to enforceadat law throughoutSouth Tapanuli.[4] Throughout theJapanese occupation, he served as one of their legal advisers.[4]
AfterIndonesia's independence in 1945, Hazairin served as chief justice of the South Tapanuli court.[4] He also served on theCentral Indonesian National Committee.[4] In 1946, he was promoted to regent (residen) of Bengkulu, also becoming the Vice Military Governor of South Sumatra;[4] during his time as regent, he released his own currency to bolster the faltering economy of the region.[5] In 1948, he served as head of theGreat Indonesia Party (Partai Indonesia Raya),[4] an offshoot of theIndonesian National Party, which he had helped found.[6]
In 1950 Hazairin returned to Jakarta, becoming a lecturer onadat andIslamic law at theUniversity of Indonesia.[4] In early 1953 he served as the head of the Civil / Criminal Law Division at the Ministry of Justice.[4] He later was selected as Minister of Internal Affairs for theFirst Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet, serving from 30 July 1953 to 18 November 1954.[1][7] During his term, he helped pass a law guaranteeing inheritance rights to children born out of wedlock and unmarried live-together partners.[5] He later served in the Ministry of Justice, retiring in 1959.[6]
After retiring from politics, Hazairin founded the Wakaf Foundation of Islamic Higher Learning (Yayasan Wakaf Perguruan Tinggi Islam, later the Islamic University of Jakarta Foundation) in Jakarta, later serving as the rector of its university.[8] Beginning in 1960 until his death on 11 December 1975, he served as president ofSyarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University.[7][8] He also taught at the Jakarta School of Policing (Perguruan Tinggi Ilmu Kepolisian).[5]
Hazairin wrote extensively onmarriage law in relation to Islam, and is considered a moderate.[9] He saw Islam as having a bilateral marriage system; in other words, notmatrilineal and notpatrilineal. He based this opinion on three things. Firstly, he readSura An-Nisa verses 23 and 24 as allowingcousin marriages, which in his opinion showed support for the bilateral system. Secondly, he noted that verse 11 of Sura An-Nisa allowed inheritances to both sons and daughters; he believed that a patrilineal society would only allow sons to inherit wealth. Finally, verses 12 and 176 of Sura An-Nisa allowed all siblings to share equally in the inheritance.[10]
For his work inSouth Tapanuli, Hazairin was given the title Gelar Pangeran Alamsyah Harahap.[11] The government awarded him several medals, including the Bintang Satya Lencana Widya Satia, the Bintang Gerilya, the Bhayangkara Kelas III, and the Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi Kelas III.[12]Hazairin University in Bengkulu is named after him.[12]
Hazairin was apolyglot, fluent in Dutch, Indonesian, English, and French, with a passive comprehension of Arabic, Latin, and German.[3]
Hazairin published 17 works regardingadat and Islamic law, with those aboutadat noting the diversity found in Indonesia, and those on Islamic law pushing for an amalgamation of Islamic and secular law.[13] Among his works are:
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