| Harpactirinae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| APterinochilus murinus tarantula | |
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Mygalomorphae |
| Family: | Theraphosidae |
| Subfamily: | Harpactirinae Pocock, 1897 |
| Genera | |
TheHarpactirinae (commonly calledbaboon spiders) are asubfamily oftarantulas which are native to the continent ofAfrica. Like manyOld World tarantulas, they have a relatively strongvenom and can inflict a painful bite.
Harpactirinae are ground-dwelling spiders which build silk-lined burrows, often under debris such as stones, using their fangs andchelicerae for digging. Habitats includesavanna woodlands, grasslands, and dry scrublands.[citation needed]
The following genera and species are present in the Harpactirinae. In addition, the genusBrachionopus (Pocock, 1897) has been suggested for placement in this subfamily, but its taxonomy is currently disputed.
Augacephalus(Gallon, 2002)
Type species:Augacephalus breyeri
In synonymy:
Augacephalus nigrifemur(Schmidt, 1995) =Augacephalus junodi
Bacillochilus(Gallon, 2010) [monotypic]
Brachionopus(Pocock, 1897)
To quote Platnick's World Spider Catalog v. 12.5,[1] "N.B.: transferred here from the Barychelidae by Raven, 1985a: 112; Brachyonopus is an unjustified emendation; Raven's transfer was not accepted by Charpentier, 1993: 5 or Schmidt, 2002a: 12 and 2008: 3, who nevertheless identified no close relatives of the genus among the known barychelids; Gallon, 2002: 204 argued for its inclusion in the Barychelidae but indicated that it "does not fit in any current barychelid subfamily" but later (Gallon, 2010b: 79) considered it a harpactirine.".
In other words, its taxonomy is in dispute and the many recent workers do not consider it a theraphosid. All are found in South Africa.
Ceratogyrus(Pocock, 1897) [Senior synonym of Coelogenium Purcell, 1902]
Type species:Ceratogyrus darlingi
Transferred to other genera:
Ceratogyrus ezendami →Augacephalus ezendami
Ceratogyrus nigrifemur →Augacephalus nigrifemur
Ceratogyrus raveni(Smith, 1990) →Pterinochilus chordatus
In synonymy:
Ceratogyrus bechuanicus(Purcell, 1902) andCeratogyrus schultzei(Purcell, 1908) =Ceratogyrus darlingi
Ceratogyrus cornuatus(De Wet & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1991) =Ceratogyrus marshalli
Eucratoscelus(Pocock, 1898)
Type species:Eucratoscelus constrictus
Transferred to other genera:
Eucratoscelus tenuitibialis(Schmidt & Gelling, 2000) →Pterinochilus lugardi
In synonymy:
Eucratoscelus longiceps(Pocock, 1898) andEucratoscelus spinifer =Eucratoscelus constrictus
Harpactira(Ausserer, 1871)
Type species:Harpactira atra
Harpactirella(Purcell, 1902) [Senior synonym ofLuphocemus{Denis, 1960}]
Type species:Harpactirella treleaveni
Transferred to other genera:
Harpactirella flavipilosa(Lawrence, 1936) →Pterinochilus lugardi
Harpactirella latithorax(Strand, 1908) →Euathlus vulpinus
Harpactirella leleupi(Benoit, 1965) →Idiothele nigrofulva
Idiothele(Hewitt, 1919)
Type species:Idiothele nigrofulva
In synonymy:
Idiothele crassispina(Purcell, 1902) andIdiothele leleupi(Benoit, 1965) =Idiothele nigrofulva
Pterinochilus(Pocock, 1897) [Senior synonym ofPterinochilides{Strand, 1920}]
Type species:Pterinochilus vorax
Transferred to other genera:
Pterinochilus breyeri →Augacephalus breyeri
Pterinochilus constrictus andPterinochilus spinifer →Eucratoscelus constrictus
Pterinochilus crassispinus andPterinochilus nigrofulvus →Idiothele nigrofulva
Pterinochilus junodi andPterinochilus nigrifemur →Augacephalus junodi
Pterinochilus meridionalis →Ceratogyrus meridionalis
Pterinochilus schoenlandi →Trichognathella schoenlandi
In synonymy:
Pterinochilus affinis(Tullgren, 1910),Pterinochilus brunellii(Caporiacco, 1940),Pterinochilus carnivorus(Strand, 1917),Pterinochilus raptor(Strand, 1906),Pterinochilus raveni(Smith, 1990),Pterinochilus sjostedti(Tullgren, 1910), andPterinochilus widenmanni(Strand, 1906) =Pterinochilus chordatus
Pterinochilus flavipilosus(Lawrence, 1936),Pterinochilus pluridentatus(Hewitt, 1919), andPterinochilus tenuitibialis =Pterinochilus lugardi
Pterinochilus hindei(Hirst, 1907),Pterinochilus leetzi(Schmidt, 2002), andPterinochilus mamillatus(Strand, 1906) =Pterinochilus murinus
Pterinochilus mutus(Strand, 1920),Pterinochilus obenbergeri(Strand, 1920), andPterinochilus occidentalis(Strand, 1920) =Pterinochilus simoni
Trichognathella(Gallon, 2004) [Monotypic?]