| Hans Ruesch | |
|---|---|
 Ruesch in 1993 | |
| Nationality |  Swiss |
| Born | (1913-05-17)17 May 1913 |
| Died | 27 August 2007(2007-08-27) (aged 94) |
| Debut season | 1932 |
| Former teams | Maserati,Alfa Romeo,MG |
| Starts | 100 + |
| Wins | 27 |
| Poles | ? |
| Best finish | 1st in multiple |
| Previous series | |
| Grand Prix | |
| Championship titles | |
| 1976 | Founder,CIVIS (Center for Scientific Information on Vivisection) |
Hans Ruesch (17 May 1913 – 27 August 2007) was a Swiss racing driver, a novelist, and an internationally prominent activist against animal experiments andvivisection.[1] Ruesch has been described as a pioneer of the anti-vivisection movement.[2]
Ruesch was born inNaples to an Italian-speaking Swiss mother and a German-speaking Swiss father. He lived the first 14 years of his life in Naples, where his father was a textile industrialist and a specialist in Pompeian Art. Ruesch attended boarding school inSwitzerland. He then studied law at theUniversity of Zurich but dropped out in 1932 to join the racing circuit.[1][3]
AfterWorld War II, in 1946, Ruesch left theUnited States and returned to Naples. He marriedMaria Luisa de la Feld in 1949. They separated in the early 1970s and Maria Luisa died in 2006. Hans Ruesch died of cancer at his home inLugano, Switzerland. He was 94. He is survived by his daughter, Vivian Ruesch Mellon ofManhattan, his sons, Hans Jr. Ruesch and Peter Ruesch, of Switzerland, and five grandchildren, Diana Mellon, Angela Mellon, Sarah Mellon, Jessica Ruesch and Gina Ruesch.[1]
He began racing in 1932 withMG at theKlausenrennen when he was 19. During the 1930s, he drove severalAlfa Romeo andMaserati racing and sports cars at many smaller events throughout Europe. Ruesch drove aMaserati 8CM 1934 and aMaserati 4CS in 1935 and 1936, followed by an Alfa Romeo GP car in 1936 and 1937. He also took part in the 1937 South Africa series. He competed in more than 100 races in Europe and South Africa, winning 27 races. During the early fifties, he drove a Ferrari 4.1-litre MM sports car.[1][3]
In the late 1930s, Ruesch moved to the United States, publishing short fiction in popular magazines. In 1946, he returned to Naples to continue writing. His most popular novels includeTop of the World (Harper, 1950),The Racer (Ballantine, 1953), andSouth of the Heart: A Novel of Modern Arabia (Coward-McCann, 1957).
InThe New York Times Book Review review ofTop of the World,Max Eastman called Mr. Ruesch "a born storyteller," and the novel is "a brilliant feat of poetic imagination."[1] Ironically, Hans Ruesch had never seen anEskimo. He based his story on the Oscar-winning filmEskimo (1933), directed byW.S. van Dyke.
DirectorNicholas Ray wrote the screenplay for the movie of Ruesch's novel,Top of the World. It debuted in Europe under the name,Ombre bianche. In 1961, it was released in the United States asThe Savage Innocents.Anthony Quinn starred as Inuk, anInuit (formerlyEskimo), who has had little contact with white men. At a trading post, Inuk accidentally kills a missionary, who insulted him by refusing the traditional Inuit (sexual) hospitality of wife-sharing. Inuk is pursued by aJavert-like police trooper, Peter O'Toole, in his first movie role. Mr. O'Toole refused to be credited with this movie, because his voice was dubbed.[4] This movie was nominated for theGolden Palm award at the 1960Cannes Film Festival.[5]
Drawing on his experiences in European auto racing, Ruesch wrote the novelThe Racer. It was released as the filmThe Racers (1955).Kirk Douglas starred as Gino Borgesa, a reckless Formula One driver, ensnared by speed, adrenaline, and a Hollywood 1950s romance. The movie was shot at several classic circuits, includingMonaco, theNürburgring, theMille Miglia, andCircuit de Spa-Francorchamps, with the climactic race atReims-Gueux.[6]
Ruesch was internationally known as an outspoken advocate againstvivisection and other forms ofanimal testing. An animal lover since his childhood, he became an activist against animal testing, while living in Rome.[1] Ruesch did not believe that medical research could benefit by using such methods. Instead, Ruesch insisted that medicine was led dangerously astray by what he saw aspseudo-science, and a fatally false methodology. He argued that rabbits, mice, rats and other animals are not anatomically and physiologically similar to humans and drew upon numerous statements from doctors and researchers in support of his stance (see his work,1,000 Doctors and More Against Vivisection). Therefore, such animal testing cannot reliably predict physiological reactions in humans.[7] In 1974, he founded the Center for Scientific Information on Vivisection (CIVIS) and devoted the rest of his life to the abolition of vivisection.[7]
In the 1970s, Ruesch started writing exposés of the animal testing and research industry.[1] He wrote theSlaughter of the Innocent (Bantam, 1978) and theNaked Empress, or The Great Medical Fraud, as well as publishing "The International Foundation Report Dedicated to the Abolition of Vivisection".Slaughter of the Innocent (Civitas Publications, 1983) is credited with promoting and strengthening theanimal-rights movement in the U.S. and abroad.[1]
There is potential confusion concerning Ruesch's first two books denouncing vivisection. His first book on the subject was written and published in European countries with a title in each language that would translate into English as "The Naked Empress." (Ruesch was multilingual, and he wrote the translations himself.) When this same work was to be published in England, the title was changed, at the publisher's request, to "Slaughter of the Innocent", and that is the title used when the book was subsequently issued (by Civitas) in the United States. Some years later, Ruesch wrote a second book criticising vivisection, in English, which was released (again, by Civitas) in the United States, with the title "The Naked Empress, or the Great Medical Fraud". Whereas the first book focused on vivisection as a barbaric and unscientific means of obtaining medical knowledge, the second book focused on the profit motives of the medical-pharmaceutical industry in perpetuating vivisection. To summarise, the book known by the English title "The Naked Empress" is a different book to the one published earlier in Europe with that same title in other languages but known in English as "Slaughter of the Innocent". (This information is provided by the original organiser of Civitas.)
