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Hans-Peter Dürr

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
German physicist
This article is about the German physicist. For the German anthropologist, seeHans Peter Duerr.

Hans-Peter Dürr
Dürr in 2007
Born(1929-10-07)7 October 1929
Stuttgart, Germany
Died18 May 2014(2014-05-18) (aged 84)
Munich, Germany
OccupationPhysicist
AwardsOrder of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany,Right Livelihood Award

Hans-Peter Dürr (7 October 1929 – 18 May 2014) was a German physicist.[1] He worked onnuclear andquantum physics,elementary particles andgravitation,epistemology, andphilosophy, and he advocated responsible scientific and energy policies.[2] In 1987, he was awarded theRight Livelihood Award for "his profound critique of theStrategic Defense Initiative (SDI) and his work to convert high technology to peaceful uses".[3]

Early life and education

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Hans-Peter Dürr was born inStuttgart in 1929.[4] He studied physics in Stuttgart, graduating with a Diploma in 1953 and did postgraduate studies atUniversity of California, Berkeley, completing his Ph.D. in 1956 supervised byEdward Teller.[5]

Career

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From 1958 until 1976 he was a research associate ofWerner Heisenberg, specializing innuclear physics,quantum physics,elementary particles andgravitationepistemology andphilosophy. He was Heisenberg's closest ally in their attempts to develop aunified field theory of elementary particles.[6] In 1962 he habilitated at theLudwig Maximilian University inMunich.[6] The same year he was a guest professor in Berkeley, California andMadras, India.[6]

Until 1997 he was professor ofphysics at theLudwig Maximilian University inMunich.Between 1978 and 1997 he was executive Director of theMax Planck Institute for Physics (Werner-Heisenberg-Institute) andMax Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Munich several times.[6] He was Vice executive director from 1972-1977, 1981–1986 and 1993-1995.

Advocacy

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In the 1980s, Dürr advocated the cause of peace as a member of thePugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs. In 1983, he helped co-fund the Scientists' Initiative "Responsibility for Peace", which led to the Scientists' Peace Congress inMainz attended by 3,300 scientists and the Mainzer Appell, a declaration against further nuclear armament. In 1990, another large scientists' convention in Göttingen warned against the militarization of space. In support of these conventions, Dürr gave a series of lectures at numerous German universities. Dürr was a leading critic of the USStrategic Defense Initiative (SDI), otherwise known as Star Wars.[7]

In 1986 Dürr proposed a World Peace Initiative, on a similar scale to the SDI, to solve environmental problems, and achievesocial justice and peace. In 1987 this was reborn as the Global Challenges Network, which received theRight Livelihood Award together with Dürr.[8]

More recently,[when?] Dürr contributed to the global environmental movement. He served as a member of the board ofGreenpeace Germany and as a member of the International Advisory Council on the Economic Development of Hainan in Harmony with the Natural Environment in China. In 1996, Dürr was made a member of theUN Secretary General's international advisory group for the Habitat II Conference inIstanbul.

Dürr was a member of theClub of Rome and served on the scientific committee of the Vienna Internationale Akademie für Zukunftsfragen, advocating sustainable, equitable, andviable development, emphasizing energy efficiency and sufficiency as a point of entry. He was a founder member of the GermanVereinigung für Ökologische Ökonomie.[6]

Later years, emeritus after 1997

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In 2005, together withDaniel Dahm and Rudolf zur Lippe, he published thePotsdam Manifesto and the Potsdam Denkschrift as a follow-up to the Russell–Einstein Manifesto of 1955. They were signed by a large group of scientists from all over the world, including 20 laureates of theRight Livelihood Award.

From 2006 until his death, he was a founding councillor at theWorld Future Council, and a supporter of theCampaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly, an organisation which campaigns for the democratic reformation of the United Nations.[9]

He also championed varioussocial justice causes, and helped fund the "David against Goliath" organization protesting against anuclear fuel reprocessing plant inBavaria.[citation needed]

Personal life

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Dürr was married for more than 50 years and had 4 children and numerous grandchildren. He died in May 2014 in Munich.[2]

Honors

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  • Award of Merit 1956, Oakland in USA;
  • Right Livelihood Award 1987 („Alternative Nobelprice“), Stockholm;[7]
  • Waldemar-von-Knoeringen-Award 1989, Munich;
  • Ecology Award „Goldene Schwalbe“ 1990, Darmstadt;
  • Natura Obligat Medaille 1991,Bundeswehr University Munich;
  • Elise and Walter Haas International Award 1993, University of California;
  • Medal `München leuchtet' 1996 in Gold, Culture Award Munich;
  • Honorary Doctor Dr.phil. h.c, 2002, University Oldenburg, Philosophical Faculty;
  • Großes Verdienstkreuz desBundesverdienstorden der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, 2004, Berlin.[10]

Memberships

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  • Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina, Halle, 1975;
  • Rhodes Scholarship Foundation, Vorsitzender des deutschen Auswahlausschusses, Hamburg, 1979–1982;
  • Vereinigung Deutscher Wissenschaftler, Berlin, Vorstand, 1980–1986, und Vorstandsvorsitzender, 1991–97, 2000-;
  • E.F.-Schuhmacher-Gesellschaft, Kuratorium, Munich, 1980-;
  • Studiengruppe Sanfte Energietechnologien München SESAM, University Munich 1981-1983;
  • Naturwissenschaftler Initiative – Verantwortung für den Frieden, Mainz, 1983;
  • Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs, London/Geneva, 1983, Council 1987-97,
  • Peace-Nobel Prize 1995;
  • Energiekommission der Landeshauptstadt, Munich, 1983-;
  • Wissenschaftszentrum München, Vorstand Beirat, 1983-;
  • Scientists against Nuclear Weapons and for Peace, Sowjetische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Moskau, 1984-;
  • August-Bebel-Kreis, Tübingen, 1986–1990;
  • Greenpeace Deutschland, Hamburg, Vorstand, 1985–92;
  • Stabilitätsorientierte Sicherheitspolitik, Starnberg, Codirector Forschungsprojekt 1986-1988;
  • Institut für Friedensforschung und Sicherheitspolitik, Wissenschaftlicher Beirat, Universität Hamburg, 1986-;
  • Global Challenges Network, München, Gründer und Vorstand, 1987;
  • Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Berlin, 1987;
  • International Foundation for the Survival and Development of Humanity, Moskau, Mitbegründer und Vorstand, 1988;
  • Institut für sozial-ökologische Forschung, Frankfurt, Wiss. Beirat, 1989-;
  • Internationale Akademie für Zukunftsfragen, Wien, Vorstand und Wissenschaftliches Präsidium, 1990;
  • Economic Development of Hainan in Harmony with the Natural Environment, Intern. Adv. Council, PR China, 1990–93;
  • Die Umweltakademie/Umwelt und Management, Oberpfaffenhofen, Vorsitzender Kuratorium, 1990–97, Vorstand, 1998;
  • Club of Rome, Paris, 1991;
  • Europäische Stiftung für Natur- und Kulturvermögen, Prag, Mitbegründer und Präsident, 1991–2001;
  • Academia Scientiarum et Artium Europaea, Salzburg, 1991-, Prodekan, 1993–1995;
  • International Network of Engineers and Scientists for Global Responsibility INES, Hamburg, 1992-;
  • Lenkungsausschuss der „Consultative“, DUA Oberpfaffenhofen/München, 1992–1994;
  • Center for Science of Hope, International Center for Integrated Studies, ICIS. Advisory Council, New York 1993;
  • Freunde und Förderer der Robert-Jungk-Stiftung, Ehrenmitglied, Salzburg, 1993-;
  • Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Vorstand, Chicago, 1993–95;
  • Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research PIK, Wissenschaftlicher. Beirat, 1993–2003;
  • Muhammad Abdus Salam Foundation, Stiftungsrat, London, 1993–1995;
  • Volkshochschule, Kuratorium, München, 1994–1996;
  • Global Commission to Fund the U .N., Washington D.C, 1995;
  • Institut für Zukunftsstudien und Technologiebewertung IZT, Wissenschaftlicher Beirat, Berlin, 1995-;
  • Gruppe Energie 2010: Zukünftige Energiepolitik, Niedersächsische Energie-Agentur, Hannover, 1995-1998.
  • U.N. Conference of Human Settlements, Habitat II, International Advisory Council, New York, 1996;
  • David gegen Goliath, München, 1996, Ehrenmitglied; 1996;
  • RIO-Impuls Luzern, Schweiz, Beirat, 1996-;
  • Ludwig-Bölkow-Stiftung München, Kuratorium, 1998–2004;
  • Roland-Röhl-Stiftung Göttingen, Kuratorium Vorsitzender, 1998;
  • Global Forum of Spiritual and Parliamentary Leaders, New York, Co-Chair Science, 1999-;
  • Stiftung für die Rechte zukünftiger Generationen, Oberursel Beirat, 1999;
  • The State of the World Forum, San Francisco, Gorbachev Foundation, International Coordinating Council, 1999;
  • Herrmann-Knoblauch-Akademie, Schirmherr, Hannover, 1999;
  • Bayerische Akademie der Schönen Künste, München, Ehrenmitglied, 2000;
  • Commission on Globalization, The State of the World Forum San Francisco, New York, 2001;
  • Friends of Health, Washington, Scientific Advisory Committee, 2000;
  • Koalition für Leben und Frieden, München, 2002-;
  • Stiftung Insel Hombroich, Neuß, Kuratorium, 2003-;
  • Lassalle Institut, Bad Schönbrunn, Schweiz, Patronatskomitee, 2003-;
  • International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (Peace Nobel Prize, 1985), Berlin, Scientific Advisory Board, 2004.

Books (selection)

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  • What is Life? Scientific Approaches and Philosophical Positions (co-author, co-ed.), World Scientific, 2002,ISBN 981-02-4740-0
  • Unified Theories of Elementary Particles (ed.), Springer Verlag, 1982.
  • Werner Heisenberg, Gesammelte Werke (co-ed.), 9 vols., Piper und Springer Verlag (1985–1993).
  • Physik und Transzendenz (ed.), Scherz Verlag, 1986.
  • Das Netz des Physikers, Hanser Verlag, 1988.
  • De la Science à l’Éthique, Bibliothèque Albin Michel Sciences 1988.
  • Geist und Natur (ed.), Scherz Verlag, 1989.
  • Respekt vor der Natur - Verantwortung für die Natur, Piper Verlag, 1994.
  • Die Zukunft ist ein unbetretener Pfad, Herder Verlag, 1995.
  • Zukünftige Energiepolitik (co-author), Economica Verlag, 1995.
  • Umweltverträgliches Wirtschaften (co-ed.), Agenda Verlag, 1995.
  • Gott, der Mensch und die Wissenschaft (co-author), Pattloch Verlag, 1997.
  • Rupert Sheldrake in der Diskussion (co-ed.), Scherz Verlag, 1997.
  • Für eine zivile Gesellschaft, dtv 2000.
  • Elemente des Lebens (co-ed.), Graue Edition, 2000.
  • Wir erleben mehr als wir begreifen (co-author), Herder spektrum, 2001.
  • Wirklichkeit, Wahrheit, Werte und die Wissenschaft (co-author, co-ed.), BWV, 2003.
  • Auch die Wissenschaft spricht nur in Gleichnissen, Herder spektrum, 2004.
  • H.P.Dürr/Raimon Panikkar:Liebe - Urquelle des Kosmos  −  Ein Gespräch über Naturwissenschaft und Religion, Herder Vlg. (Herder Tb.5965), Freiburg 2008,ISBN 978-3-451-05965-0

References

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  1. ^"Hans-Peter Dürr".Right Livelihood. Retrieved18 April 2025.
  2. ^ab"Nachruf auf Hans-Peter Dürr - Physik und Frieden - Wissen - Süddeutsche.de". Sueddeutsche.de. Retrieved19 May 2014.
  3. ^Cramer, Damian (19 May 2014)."World Future Council mourns death of Hans-Peter Dürr".World Future Council. Retrieved18 April 2025.
  4. ^"Right Livelihood Award for Hans-Peter Dürr".Environment & Society Portal. Retrieved18 April 2025.
  5. ^"German Nuclear Physicist Hans-Peter Dürr Dies at 84".Democracy Now!. Retrieved18 April 2025.
  6. ^abcde"Hans-Peter Dürr, 7.10.1929 – 18.05.2014".Vereinigung für Ökologische Ökonomie voeoe.de. Retrieved19 April 2024.[, 7.10.1929 – 18.05.2014], voeoe.de, accessed 25 February 2015.
  7. ^ab"Hans-Peter Dürr (Germany)". Rightlivelihood.org. Archived fromthe original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved19 May 2014.
  8. ^"Hans-Peter Dürr - BetterWorldHeroes.com - Biography". Betterworld.net. Retrieved19 May 2014.
  9. ^"Supporters".Campaign for a UN Parliamentary Assembly. Retrieved26 September 2017.
  10. ^"Hans Peter Durr". The World Future Council. 15 May 2014. Archived fromthe original on 26 June 2014. Retrieved19 May 2014.

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