United states | |
| Value | 50US Dollars |
|---|---|
| Mass | 83.58 g |
| Diameter | 50.80 mm |
| Edge | Reeded |
| Composition | 90%Au 10%Cu |
| Years of minting | 1877 |
| Mint marks | None (half union patterns were minted at thePhiladelphia Mint) |
| Obverse | |
_Obverse.jpg) | |
| Design | Liberty |
| Designer | William Barber |
| Design date | 1877 |
| Reverse | |
_Reverse.jpg) | |
| Design | Eagle |
| Designer | William Barber |
| Design date | 1877 |
Thehalf union (separate varieties known asJ-1546 throughJ-1549[1]) was aUnited Statespattern coin with a face value of fiftyU.S. Dollars. It is often thought of as one of the most significant and well-known patterns in the history of the U.S. Mint. The basic design, featuringLiberty on the obverse, was slightly modified from the similar $20 "Liberty Head"Double Eagle, which was designed byJames B. Longacre and minted from 1849 to 1907.
Today, two gold specimens belong to the Smithsonian. No others are known to exist. There are also copper specimens of the coin that can go for more than $300,000 in PF-65 condition. The half union was never released for circulation.
Some half unions can have a somewhat smaller or larger head than others.
In 1877, famed Chief Engraver of the Mint at the time,William Barber, designed the coin. William Barber also designed several other coins, such as the "Amazonian Quarter" pattern, the short-livedTwenty Cent Piece, and theTrade Dollar. The coin was designed to weigh roughly 2.5 ounces and be made of solidgold. Had it been made for circulation with the general public, the coin would have been the highest valued gold coin ever made at the time, with a face value of fifty dollars. As it is a pattern, it was never struck for circulation and all other known presentation versions were made ofcopper or sometimes variousgilded metals. Only two examples were actually struck in gold, and today both reside in theSmithsonian.[2]
In 1915, a goldcommemorative coin was issued in $50 denomination, thePanama–Pacific half union. It was minted in round and octagonal varieties, the latter being the only United States coin issued to date that is not round.
The 1959 filmRio Bravo includes several references to $50 gold pieces, even though none were ever issued for circulation.
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