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Hadrosauroidea

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Extinct clade of dinosaurs

Hadrosauroids
Probactrosaurus
Scientific classificationEdit this classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Reptilia
Clade:Dinosauria
Clade:Ornithischia
Clade:Ornithopoda
Clade:Hadrosauriformes
Superfamily:Hadrosauroidea
Cope, 1869
Type species
Hadrosaurus foulkii
Leidy, 1858
Subgroups
Synonyms

Hadrosauroidea is aclade or superfamily ofornithischiandinosaurs that includes the "duck-billed" dinosaurs, orHadrosauridae, and all dinosaurs more closely related to them than toIguanodon. Their remains have been recovered in Asia, Europe, Africa and the Americas. Many primitive hadrosauroids, such as the AsianProbactrosaurus andAltirhinus, have traditionally been included in aparaphyletic (unnatural grouping) "Iguanodontidae". Withcladistic analysis, the traditional Iguanodontidae has been largely disbanded, and probably includes onlyIguanodon and perhaps its closest relatives.

Classification

[edit]

Hadrosauroidea was given a formal phylogenetic definition in thePhyloCode by Daniel Madzia and colleagues in 2021 as "the largest clade containingHadrosaurus foulkii, but notIguanodon bernissartensis".[1] Thecladogram below follows an analysis by Andrew McDonald, 2012, and shows the position of Hadrosauroidea within Styracosterna:[2]

Styracosterna

Thecladogram below follows an analysis by Wu Wenhao andPascal Godefroit (2012):[3]

Hadrosauriformes

Cladogram after Prieto-Marquez and Norell (2010):[4]

Hadrosauroidea

Aphylogenetic analysis performed by Ramírez-Velascoet al. (2012) found a largepolytomy between all hadrosauroids that are more derived thanProbactrosaurus but less derived thanHadrosauridae. The exclusion ofClaosaurus,Jeyawati,Levnesovia,Nanyangosaurus,Shuangmiaosaurus andTelmatosaurus from the analysis resulted in a more resolved topology:[5]

Hadrosauroidea

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Madzia, D.; Arbour, V.M.; Boyd, C.A.; Farke, A.A.; Cruzado-Caballero, P.; Evans, D.C. (2021)."The phylogenetic nomenclature of ornithischian dinosaurs".PeerJ.9 e12362.doi:10.7717/peerj.12362.PMC 8667728.PMID 34966571.
  2. ^McDonald, A. T. (2012)."Phylogeny of basal iguanodonts (Dinosauria: Ornithischia): an update".PLOS ONE.7 (5) e36745.Bibcode:2012PLoSO...736745M.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036745.PMC 3358318.PMID 22629328.
  3. ^Wu Wenhao & Pascal Godefroit (2012). "Anatomy and relationships ofBolong yixianensis, an Early Cretaceous iguanodontoid dinosaur from western Liaoning, China". In Godefroit, P. (ed.).Bernissart Dinosaurs and Early Cretaceous Terrestrial Ecosystems. Indiana University Press. pp. 293–333.
  4. ^Albert Prieto-Marquez & Mark A. Norell (2010)."Anatomy and relationships ofGilmoreosaurus mongoliensis (Dinosauria: Hadrosauroidea) from the Late Cretaceous of Central Asia".American Museum Novitates (3694):1–52.doi:10.1206/3694.2.S2CID 56372891.
  5. ^Angel Alejandro Ramírez-Velasco; Mouloud Benammi; Albert Prieto-Márquez; Jesús Alvarado Ortega & René Hernández-Rivera (2012)."Huehuecanauhtlus tiquichensis, a new hadrosauroid dinosaur (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Santonian (Late Cretaceous) of Michoacán, Mexico".Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences.49 (2):379–395.Bibcode:2012CaJES..49..379R.doi:10.1139/e11-062.
Avemetatarsalia
Ornithischia
Ornithopoda
    • see below↓
Hypsilophodontidae?
Elasmaria
Rhabdodontomorpha
Tenontosauridae?
Rhabdodontidae
Dryosauridae
Hadrosauriformes
Iguanodontidae
Hadrosauroidea
    • see below↓
Notohypsilodon comodorensis

Rhabdodon priscus

Ouranosaurus nigeriensis
Lambeosaurinae
Parasaurolophini
Lambeosaurini
Saurolophinae
Brachylophosaurini
Austrokritosauria
Kritosaurini
Saurolophini
Edmontosaurini
Qianjiangsaurus changshengi

Tlatolophus galorumLambeosaurus lambeiGryposaurus? alsatei

Shantungosaurus giganteus
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Hadrosauroidea
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