| Hadrosauroids | |
|---|---|
| Probactrosaurus | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Clade: | †Ornithischia |
| Clade: | †Ornithopoda |
| Clade: | †Hadrosauriformes |
| Superfamily: | †Hadrosauroidea Cope, 1869 |
| Type species | |
| †Hadrosaurus foulkii Leidy, 1858 | |
| Subgroups | |
| Synonyms | |
Hadrosauroidea is aclade or superfamily ofornithischiandinosaurs that includes the "duck-billed" dinosaurs, orHadrosauridae, and all dinosaurs more closely related to them than toIguanodon. Their remains have been recovered in Asia, Europe, Africa and the Americas. Many primitive hadrosauroids, such as the AsianProbactrosaurus andAltirhinus, have traditionally been included in aparaphyletic (unnatural grouping) "Iguanodontidae". Withcladistic analysis, the traditional Iguanodontidae has been largely disbanded, and probably includes onlyIguanodon and perhaps its closest relatives.
Hadrosauroidea was given a formal phylogenetic definition in thePhyloCode by Daniel Madzia and colleagues in 2021 as "the largest clade containingHadrosaurus foulkii, but notIguanodon bernissartensis".[1] Thecladogram below follows an analysis by Andrew McDonald, 2012, and shows the position of Hadrosauroidea within Styracosterna:[2]
Thecladogram below follows an analysis by Wu Wenhao andPascal Godefroit (2012):[3]
Cladogram after Prieto-Marquez and Norell (2010):[4]
| Hadrosauroidea | |
Aphylogenetic analysis performed by Ramírez-Velascoet al. (2012) found a largepolytomy between all hadrosauroids that are more derived thanProbactrosaurus but less derived thanHadrosauridae. The exclusion ofClaosaurus,Jeyawati,Levnesovia,Nanyangosaurus,Shuangmiaosaurus andTelmatosaurus from the analysis resulted in a more resolved topology:[5]
| Hadrosauroidea | |||||||