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Hadash חד״ש | |
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| Hebrew name | החזית הדמוקרטית לשלום ולשוויון |
| Arabic name | الجبهة الديمقراطية للسلام والمساواة |
| Leader | Ayman Odeh |
| Founded | 15 March 1977 (1977-03-15) |
| Merger of | Rakah Black Panthers(partial) Moked(partial) Other Arab and left-wing groups |
| Headquarters | Haifa, Israel Nazareth, Israel |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Left-wing[7] tofar-left[8] |
| National affiliation | Joint List (2015–2019; 2020–2022) |
| Colors | Red andGreen |
| Knesset | 3 / 120 |
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| Website | |
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Hadash[a] (Democratic Front for Peace and Equality; Hebrew:החזית הדמוקרטית לשלום ולשוויון; Arabic:الجبهة الديمقراطية للسلام والمساواة) is aleft-wing tofar-leftpolitical coalition inIsrael formed by theCommunist Party of Israel (Maki) and other leftist groups.[9][10]
The party was formed on 15 March 1977 when the New Communist List (Rakah) and Non-Partisans parliamentary group changed its name to Hadash in preparation for the1977 elections. The non-partisans included some members of theBlack Panthers (several others joined theLeft Camp of Israel) and other left-wing non-communist groups. Within the Hadash movement, Rakah (which was renamedMaki, a Hebrew acronym for "Communist Party of Israel", in 1989) has retained its independent status.
In its first electoral test, Hadash won five seats, an increase of one from Rakah's four. But in the next elections in1981 the party was reduced to four seats. It maintained its four seats in the1984 elections, gaining another MK whenMuhammed Wattad defected fromMapam in 1988. The1988 election resulted in another four-seat haul, though the party lost a seat whenCharlie Biton broke away to establish Black Panthers as an independent faction on 25 December 1990. The1992 elections saw the party remain at three seats.
In the1996 elections the party ran a joint list withBalad. Together they won five seats, but split during the Knesset term,[11] with Hadash reduced to three seats. The1999 elections saw them maintain three seats, with Barakeh andIssam Makhoul replacingAhmad Sa'd andSaleh Saleem.
In the2003 elections Hadash ran on another joint list, this time withAhmed Tibi'sTa'al. The list won three seats,[12] but again split during the parliamentary session, leaving Hadash with two MKs, Barakeh and Makhoul.
In the2006 elections Hadash won three seats, withHana Sweid andDov Khenin entering the Knesset alongside Barakeh. The party won an additional seat in the2009 elections, taken byAfu Agbaria.
In January 2015, former Knesset speakerAvraham Burg joined Hadash.[13]
In 2018, Hadash activists were involved in creating joint Jewish-Arab anti-occupation movementOmdim Beyachad (Standing Together).[14]
Hadash is a left-wing party that has supported a socialist economy[15] andworkers' rights.[needs update] It emphasizes Jewish–Arab cooperation, and its leaders were among the first to support atwo-state solution. Its voters are principally middle-class and secular Arabs, many from the north and Christian communities.[16] It also drew 6,000–10,000 far-left Jewish voters during national elections in the 2010s.[17][needs update]
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The party supports evacuation of allIsraeli settlements, a complete withdrawal by Israel from all territories occupied as a result of theSix-Day War, and the establishment of a Palestinian state in theWest Bank andGaza Strip. It also supports the right of return or compensation for Palestinian refugees. In addition to issues of peace and security, Hadash is known for being active on social and environmental issues.[18] In keeping with socialist ideals, Hadash's environmental platform, led in the 2010s by Maki officialDov Khenin,[19] calls for the nationalization of Israel's gas, mineral, and oil reserves.[20][needs update]
Hadash has called for the recognition of Palestinian Arabs as a national minority within Israel.[21] It has in recent times included elements ofArab nationalism in its platform.[22]
Hadash shifted to a more Arab nationalist appeal after running on a joint list withTa'al in 2003.[23]
In 2015, Hadash declared its support for international campaigns against companies operating in the occupied Palestinian territories.[24]
On 1 November 2009, then party leaderMohammad Barakeh was indicted on four counts for events that occurred between April 2005 and July 2007: assault and interfering with a policeman in the line of duty, assault on a photographer, insulting a public servant, and attacking an official who was discharging his legal duty.[25][26] The charges related to his role in a protest against Israeli government policy, and were considered controversial mainly by those who opposed such protests.
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In the Knesset elections held on March 28, 2006, Hadash, a far-left coalition made up of the Israeli Communist Party and other leftist groups, garnered three Knesset seats (out of 120).
Hadash is adhering to its socialist origins and asking to nationalize the gas, mineral and oil reserves.
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