Redwing was built by Matthew Warren atBrightlingsea, Essex, and launched on 30 August 1806. She was commissioned in October 1806 under CommanderThomas Ussher, and on 31 January 1807, sailed for the Mediterranean.[4] There she was stationed in theStrait of Gibraltar, and operated in company withScout andMorgiana to clear the area of enemy vessels. The Commander in Chief, Vice-AdmiralLord Collingwood, in a letter toWilliam Marsden, dated 24 May 1807, praised their effectiveness, noting that "within this Fortnight past they have taken and destroyed Eighteen of the Enemy's Vessels".[5] One of these may have been themisticoTiger, whichRedwing intercepted as she was sailing from Cadiz to Algeciras.Redwing sent her into Gibraltar.[6]
Numerous captures and actions followed.
On 13 June 1807Redwing andScout chased afelucca and the Spanish privateerDe Bon Vassallio, which mounted one 24 and two 6-pounder guns, into the mouth of theRiver Barbate, south ofCadiz. They then sent their boats to board and destroy the privateer. They also captured and destroyed two signal posts.[7]
On 22 September,Redwing and two boats fromExcellent captured the merchant shipPaulina, and on 3 October 1807Redwing took theTwillingen.[8]
On 2 March 1808Redwing andConfounder captured the American shipOcean, and on 12 April 1808Redwing andMinorca captured the American shipHope.[9]
In early 1808, or so,Redwing captured theCharlotta, Ferrier, master, which had sailed fromLa Guayra, and sent her into Gibraltar.[10]
On 7 May, she attacked a Spanish convoy of seven gun-boats and armed vessels, and 12 unarmed merchantmen offCape Trafalgar. In a short but vigorous action she drove four gun-boats ashore and sank them, captured one, and two escaped. The gunboats sunk includedDiligent, of two 24-pounder guns, two 8-pounders, and 60 men,Boreas of the same strength,No. 3, of two 24-pounders, one 36-pounder and 36 men, andNo. 6, of one 24-pounder and 40 men.Redwing also captured a mistico of four 6-pounders and 20 men. GunboatNo. 107, of two 6-poundrs and 35 men, and a felucca of four 3-pounders and 20 men, escaped.Redwing then sank four of the merchantmen and captured seven; one escaped.[4][11][12]Redwing lost one man killed and had three men wounded, one severely. For this action in 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal (NGSM) with clasp "Redwing 7 May 1808" to the seven still surviving claimants from the action.
At the end of the month,Redwing engaged in another medal-winning action. She chased a mistico and two feluccas into the Bay of Bolonia (Tarifa). There her quarry took shelter under a shore battery of six 24-pounder guns. Ussher broughtRedwing to anchor within point-blank range of the battery, using her broadsides to silence its guns. A cutting-out party under Lieutenant Ferguson then destroyed the mistico and extracted the feluccas. Ussher and Ferguson, with a landing party of 40 men, then captured the battery and spiked its guns. This, and his previous actions, led to Ussher's promotion topost captain.[13] In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the NGSM with clasp "Redwing 31 May 1808" to the five surviving claimants from the action.
Commander Edward Augustus Down then took command ofRedwing in August and sailed her to the Mediterranean on 23 September 1808.[3]
On 16 September 1811Redwing, captured the French 4-gun privateer,Le Victorieux, off Sicily, three days out ofTunis.[4][16]
On 8 May 1812, off Cape St. Vieto,Redwing took a small Neapolitan privateer of one gun.[17]
Command ofRedwing passed to CommanderSir John Gordon Sinclair in August 1812[3] and she operated off the south coast of France, taking part in numerous operations:
On 18 March 1813, seamen and marines ofRedwing, under the command of LieutenantAaron Tozer, landed on the French coast and destroyed acoastal battery consisting of four 24-pounder guns, a 6-pounder field-gun, and a 13-inch mortar atCarry-le-Rouet, west ofMarseille, before capturing atartane, anchored nearby.[18]
On 31 March 1813, an attack was made, under the command of Lieutenant Shaw ofVolontaire, by the marines of the frigatesVolontaire andUndaunted, and the brigsRedwing andShearwater on a strongpoint at Morgion, near Marseille. The marines landed during the night, and at daybreak captured two batteries. They threw the guns, five 36-pounders in one, and two 24-pounders in the other, into the sea, and destroyed all their ammunition. The boats of the ships then captured eight tartanes and threesettees, laden with oil, nuts, hides and firewood, whileRedwing provided close protection. Casualties amounted to only one man killed and four wounded, while the French lost four killed, five wounded, and a lieutenant and 16 men of the 62nd Regiment taken prisoner.[18]
On 3 April,Nautilus andRedwing captured the Greek vesselSt. Nicolo, and took her into Malta.[19]
On 2 May boats fromRedwing,Undaunted,Volontaire, andRepulse again stormed the batteries at Morgion. This action led the Admiralty to issueRedwing a third clasp, marked "2 May Boat Service 1813", to the NGSM for her part in this action.[4]
On 24 MayRedwing,Nautilus andCarlotta captured the privateerColumbo.[a]
On 18 August, a landing party made up of men fromRedwing,Espoir, and the frigateUndaunted, stormed shore batteries atCassis, east of Marseille,[4] and captured three pinnaces.[21]
On 14 December 1813,Redwing captured theBoa Fe Nova.[22] This may be the same vessel as theBoa Fé Saltaza, which had been sailing from Rio de Janeiro to Oporto and whichRedwing captured and sent into Portsmouth some days later.[23]
In August 1814, Commander Thomas Young was appointed to commandRedwing.[3] She was paid off in 1815.
By 1817 she was laid up at Deptford,[4] but was recommissioned in 1818 under C. Simeon.[4] By August of that year she was under the command of Commander Frederick Hunn atSaint Helena,[4] and commissioned in November 1820 under the command of the Honourable George Rolle Walpole Trefusis.[4][b] From February 1824 she was under the command ofAdolphus FitzClarence atthe Nore until paid off in January 1825.[4]
On 9 September 1825 the shipsHMS Atholl,Esk, andRedwing captured the Brazilian slave-vesselUniao.[26]
On 6 October 1825Redwing captured the Spanish brigantineIsabella with 273 slaves aboard.[27]
That same dayRedwing captured the Spanish schoonerAna, and five days laterTeresa. with 199 slaves.[3] Prize money for the hulls and cargoes, and bounty for released slaves, was paid on 25 April 1827.[c]
Redwing sailed from Sierra Leone in June 1827 and was never seen again. Wreckage washed ashore in November near Mataceney suggested that lightning had started a fire that destroyed her.[29]
^Carlotta did not share in the head-money for the capture. Furthermore, because her captain was a lieutenant, and the captains of the other two vessels were commanders,Fleming was only entitled to a second-class share, while the other two were entitled to first-class shares. Fleming's second-class share was worth£8 15s 1¼d; a sixth-class share, that of an ordinary seaman, was worth 5s 10½d. A first-class share toNautilus andRedwing was worth £27 6s 2½d; a sixth-class share was worth 7s 6½d.[20]
Long, William H. (1895).Medals of the British navy and how they were won: with a list of those officers, who for their gallant conduct were granted honorary swords and plate by the Committee of the Patriotic Fund. London: Norie & Wilson.
Winfield, Rif (2008).British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth Publishing.ISBN978-1-86176-246-7.
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